plaf.html

jsf、swing的官方指南

<blockquote>

You can change the L&F 
with <code>setLookAndFeel</code>
even after the program's GUI is visible.
To make existing components reflect the new L&F,
invoke the
<code>SwingUtilities</code> <code>updateComponentTreeUI</code> method
once per top-level container.
Then you might wish to resize each top-level container
to reflect the new sizes of its contained components.
For example:

<blockquote><pre>
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(lnfName);
SwingUtilities.updateComponentTreeUI(frame);
frame.pack();
</pre></blockquote>

</blockquote>
<h3>
<a name="example">
An Example
</a>
</h3>
<blockquote>
In the following example, <code>LookAndFeelDemo.java</code>, you can experiment with different Look and Feels. The program 
creates a simple GUI with a button and a label. Every time you click the button, the label increments.
<p>
You can change the L&F by changing the <code>LOOKANDFEEL</code> constant on line 18. The comments on the preceding lines 
tell you what values are acceptable:
<blockquote><pre>
    // Specify the look and feel to use by defining the LOOKANDFEEL constant
    // Valid values are: null (use the default), "Metal", "System", "Motif",
    // and "GTK"
    final static String LOOKANDFEEL = "Motif";
</pre></blockquote>
Here the constant is set to "Motif", which is a L&F that will run on any platform (as will the default, "Metal"). "GTK+" will not run on Windows, 
and "Windows" will run only on Windows. If you choose a L&F that will not run, you will get the Java, or Metal, L&F.
<p>
In the section of the code where the L&F is actually set, you will see several different ways to set it, as discussed above:
<p>
<blockquote><pre>
if (LOOKANDFEEL.equals("Metal")) {
   lookAndFeel = UIManager.getCrossPlatformLookAndFeelClassName();
   //  an alternative way to set the Metal L&F is to replace the 
   // previous line with:
   // lookAndFeel = "javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalLookAndFeel";
</pre></blockquote>
<p>
You can verify that both arguments work by commenting/un-commenting the two alternatives.
<p>
Here is a listing of the

<a class="SourceLink" target="_blank" href="examples/LookAndFeelDemo.java"><code>LookAndFeelDemo</code></a>
 source file:

<blockquote><pre>
/*
 * LookAndFeelDemo.java is a Java SE 6 example that requires
 * one other file (TestTheme.java).
 */
import javax.swing.*;          
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.plaf.metal.*;

public class LookAndFeelDemo implements ActionListener {
    private static String labelPrefix = &quot;Number of button clicks: &quot;;
    private int numClicks = 0;
    final JLabel label = new JLabel(labelPrefix + &quot;0    &quot;);

    // Specify the look and feel to use by defining the LOOKANDFEEL constant
    // Valid values are: null (use the default), &quot;Metal&quot;, &quot;System&quot;, &quot;Motif&quot;,
    // and &quot;GTK&quot;
    final static String LOOKANDFEEL = &quot;Metal&quot;;
    
    // If you choose the Metal L&amp;F, you can also choose a theme.
    // Specify the theme to use by defining the THEME constant
    // Valid values are: &quot;DefaultMetal&quot;, &quot;Ocean&quot;,  and &quot;Test&quot;
    final static String THEME = &quot;Test&quot;;
    

    public Component createComponents() {
        JButton button = new JButton(&quot;I'm a Swing button!&quot;);
        button.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_I);
        button.addActionListener(this);
        label.setLabelFor(button);

        /*
         * An easy way to put space between a top-level container
         * and its contents is to put the contents in a JPanel
         * that has an &quot;empty&quot; border.
         */
        JPanel pane = new JPanel(new GridLayout(0, 1));
        pane.add(button);
        pane.add(label);
        pane.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(
                                        30, //top
                                        30, //left
                                        10, //bottom
                                        30) //right
                                        );

        return pane;
    }

    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        numClicks++;
        label.setText(labelPrefix + numClicks);
    }

    private static void initLookAndFeel() {
        String lookAndFeel = null;
       
        if (LOOKANDFEEL != null) {
            if (LOOKANDFEEL.equals(&quot;Metal&quot;)) {
                lookAndFeel = UIManager.getCrossPlatformLookAndFeelClassName();
              //  an alternative way to set the Metal L&amp;F is to replace the 
              // previous line with:
              // lookAndFeel = &quot;javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalLookAndFeel&quot;;
                
            }
            
            else if (LOOKANDFEEL.equals(&quot;System&quot;)) {
                lookAndFeel = UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName();
            } 
            
            else if (LOOKANDFEEL.equals(&quot;Motif&quot;)) {
                lookAndFeel = &quot;com.sun.java.swing.plaf.motif.MotifLookAndFeel&quot;;
            } 
            
            else if (LOOKANDFEEL.equals(&quot;GTK&quot;)) { 
                lookAndFeel = &quot;com.sun.java.swing.plaf.gtk.GTKLookAndFeel&quot;;
            } 
            
            else {
                System.err.println(&quot;Unexpected value of LOOKANDFEEL specified: &quot;
                                   + LOOKANDFEEL);
                lookAndFeel = UIManager.getCrossPlatformLookAndFeelClassName();
            }

            try {
            	
            	
                UIManager.setLookAndFeel(lookAndFeel);
                
                // If L&amp;F = &quot;Metal&quot;, set the theme
                
                if (LOOKANDFEEL.equals(&quot;Metal&quot;)) {
                  if (THEME.equals(&quot;DefaultMetal&quot;))
                     MetalLookAndFeel.setCurrentTheme(new DefaultMetalTheme());
                  else if (THEME.equals(&quot;Ocean&quot;))
                     MetalLookAndFeel.setCurrentTheme(new OceanTheme());
                  else
                     MetalLookAndFeel.setCurrentTheme(new TestTheme());
                     
                  UIManager.setLookAndFeel(new MetalLookAndFeel()); 
                }	
                	
                	
                  
                
            } 
            
            catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                System.err.println(&quot;Couldn't find class for specified look and feel:&quot;
                                   + lookAndFeel);
                System.err.println(&quot;Did you include the L&amp;F library in the class path?&quot;);
                System.err.println(&quot;Using the default look and feel.&quot;);
            } 
            
            catch (UnsupportedLookAndFeelException e) {
                System.err.println(&quot;Can't use the specified look and feel (&quot;
                                   + lookAndFeel
                                   + &quot;) on this platform.&quot;);
                System.err.println(&quot;Using the default look and feel.&quot;);
            } 
            
            catch (Exception e) {
                System.err.println(&quot;Couldn't get specified look and feel (&quot;
                                   + lookAndFeel
                                   + &quot;), for some reason.&quot;);
                System.err.println(&quot;Using the default look and feel.&quot;);
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Create the GUI and show it.  For thread safety,
     * this method should be invoked from the
     * event dispatch thread.
     */
    private static void createAndShowGUI() {
        //Set the look and feel.
        initLookAndFeel();

        //Make sure we have nice window decorations.
        JFrame.setDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated(true);

        //Create and set up the window.
        JFrame frame = new JFrame(&quot;SwingApplication&quot;);
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        LookAndFeelDemo app = new LookAndFeelDemo();
        Component contents = app.createComponents();
        frame.getContentPane().add(contents, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        //Display the window.
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Schedule a job for the event dispatch thread:
        //creating and showing this application's GUI.
        javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                createAndShowGUI();
            }
        });
    }
}
</pre></blockquote>

</blockquote>
<h3>
<a name="themes">
Themes
</a>
</h3>
<blockquote>
Themes were introduced as a way of easily changing the colors and fonts of the cross-platform Java (Metal) Look and Feel. 
In the sample program, <code>LookAndfeelDemo.java</code>, listed above, you can change the theme of the Metal L&F by 
setting the <code>THEME</code> constant on line 23 to one of three values:
<ul>
<li><code>
DefaultMetal
</code></li>
<li><code>
Ocean
</code></li>
<li><code>
Test
</code></li>
</ul>
<code>Ocean</code>, which is a bit softer than the pure Metal look, 
has been the default theme for the Metal (Java) L&F since Java SE 5.
Despite its name, <code>DefaultMetal</code> is not the default theme for Metal 
(it was before Java SE 5, which explains it's name). 
The <code>Test</code> theme is a theme defined in <code>TestTheme.java</code>, which you must compile 
with <code>LookAndfeelDemo.java</code>. As it is written, <code>TestTheme.java</code> sets 
the three primary colors (with somewhat bizarre results). You can modify <code>TestTheme.java</code> to 
test any colors you like.
<p>
The section of code where the theme is set is found beginning on line 92 of <code>LookAndfeelDemo.java</code>. 
Note that you must be using the Metal L&F to set a theme.

<blockquote><pre>
 if (LOOKANDFEEL.equals("Metal")) {
    if (THEME.equals("DefaultMetal"))
       MetalLookAndFeel.setCurrentTheme(new DefaultMetalTheme());
    else if (THEME.equals("Ocean"))
       MetalLookAndFeel.setCurrentTheme(new OceanTheme());
    else
       MetalLookAndFeel.setCurrentTheme(new TestTheme());
                     
    UIManager.setLookAndFeel(new MetalLookAndFeel()); 
 }	
</pre></blockquote>

</blockquote>
<h3>
<a name="swingset2">
The SwingSet2 Demonstration Program
</a>
</h3>
<blockquote>

In your JDK 6 installation, there is a  <code>demo\jfc</code> folder that contains a demonstration 
program called <code>SwingSet2</code>. This program has a graphically rich GUI and allows you to change the Look and Feel 
from the menu. Further, if you are using the Java (Metal) Look and Feel, you can choose a variety of different 
themes. The files for the various themes (for example, <code>RubyTheme.java</code>) are found in the 
<code>SwingSet2\src</code> folder.
<p>
This is the "Ocean" theme, which is the default for the cross-platform Java (Metal) Look and Feel:
<p>
<p><center><IMG SRC="../../figures/uiswing/lookandfeel/OceanLAF.gif" WIDTH="665" HEIGHT="607" ALIGN="BOTTOM" ALT=""></center></p><p>
<p>
This is the "Steel" theme, which was the original theme for the cross-platform Java (Metal) Look and Feel:
<p>
<p><center><IMG SRC="../../figures/uiswing/lookandfeel/MetalLAF.gif" WIDTH="665" HEIGHT="607" ALIGN="BOTTOM" ALT=""></center></p><p>
To run the <code>SwingSet2</code> demo program on a system that has the JDK installed, use this command:
<blockquote><pre>
java -jar SwingSet2.jar
</pre></blockquote>
This will give you the default theme of Ocean. 
<p>
 To get the metal L&F, run this:
<blockquote><pre>
java -Dswing.metalTheme=steel -jar SwingSet2.jar
</pre></blockquote>
<p>
It is also possible to run the SwingSet2 demo program with Java Web Start:
<blockquote><pre>
<a class="OutsideLink" target="_blank" href="http://java.sun.com/products/jfc/jws/SwingSet2.jnlp">http://java.sun.com/products/jfc/jws/SwingSet2.jnlp</a></pre></blockquote>




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