rfc2629.txt

著名的RFC文档,其中有一些文档是已经翻译成中文的的.

           <t>This is list item.
              <vspace blankLines="1" />
              This is part of the same list item,
              although when displayed, it appears
              as a separate physical paragraph.</t>
       </list>

   An XML application producing a text version of the document should
   exercise care when encountering a value for "blankLines" that causes
   a pagebreak -- in particular, if a "vspace" element causes a
   pagebreak, then no further blank lines should be inserted. This
   allows authors to "force" a pagebreak by using an arbitrarily large
   value, e.g., "blankLines='100'".

   Finally, note that the "vspace" element is always empty -- it never
   contains any text.











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2.4 Back matter

   Finally, the "back" element is used for references and appendices:

           ...
           </middle>
           <back>
               <references>
                   <reference ...>
                   <reference ...>
               </references>
               <section ...>
               <section ...>
           </back>
       </rfc>

   The "back" element consists of an optional "references" element, and,
   one or more optional "section" elements. The "back" element itself is
   optional, if your document doesn't have any references or appendices,
   you don't have to include it.

2.4.1 The references Element

   The "references" element contains the document's bibliography. It
   contains one or more "reference" elements.

   Each "reference" element contains a "front" element and one or more
   optional "seriesInfo" elements.

   We've already discussed the "front" element back in Section 2.2.

   The "seriesInfo" element has two attributes, "name" and "value" that
   identify the document series and series entry, respectively.


















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   The "reference" element has an optional "anchor" attribute that is
   used for cross-referencing with the "xref" element (Section 2.3.1.4),
   e.g.,

       <reference anchor="refs.RFC2200">
           <front>
               <title>Internet Official Protocol Standards</title>
               <author initials="J." surname="Postel"
                       fullname="Jon Postel">
                   <organization abbrev="ISI">
                   USC/Information Sciences Institute
                   </organization>
               </author>

               <date month="June" year="1997" />
           </front>
           <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="2200" />
           <seriesInfo name="STD" value="1" />
       </reference>

   The "reference" element also has an optional "target" attribute that
   is used for external references (c.f., Section 2.3.1.5). The XML
   application, if producing an HTML version of the document will use
   the "target" attribute accordingly; however, if the "name" attribute
   of the "seriesInfo" element has the value "RFC", then the XML
   application should automatically provide an appropriate default for
   the "target" attribute (e.g., "http://example.com/rfcs/rfc2200.txt").

2.4.2 Appendices

   To include appendices after the bibliography, simply add more
   "section" elements. (For an example, look at the example at the
   beginning of Section 2.4.)

2.4.3 Copyright Status

   The copyright status for the document is not included in the
   document's markup -- this is automatically inserted by an XML
   application that produces either a text or HTML version of the
   document.











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3. Processing the XML Source File

   This section concerns itself with applications that operate on an XML
   source file. A lot of XML tools are available, as are many lists of
   XML resources, e.g., Cafe con Leche [5].

   There are two kinds of XML tools: validating and non-validating.
   Both check that the source file conforms to the rules given in
   Section 2.1. However, in addition to making sure that the source file
   is well-formed, a validating tool also reads the DTD referenced by
   the source file to make sure that they match. There are a number of
   both validating and non-validating tools available.

3.1 Editing

   There are several XML editors available. Ideally, you want an editor
   that validates. This has two advantages:

   o  the editor provides guidance in fleshing-out the document
      structure; and,

   o  the editor validates that the source file matches the rules in the
      DTD.

   There are two major modes in Emacs that support XML: tdtd [6] and
   psgml [7]. The latter mode allows you to validate the source file (by
   calling an external program). If you visit the source file in Emacs
   and the major mode isn't "SGML" or "XML", then usually all it takes
   is adding these lines to your ".emacs" file:

       (setq auto-mode-alist
             (cons (cons "\\.xml$" 'sgml-mode) auto-mode-alist))

   and then restarting Emacs. If this doesn't work, try one of the
   sources above.

   The author uses both sgml-mode in Emacs, and a commercial validating
   editor, Clip! version 1.5 [8], when editing source files.

3.1.1 Checking

   If your editor doesn't validate, then you should run a program to
   validate the source file.

   The author uses the AlphaWorks XML parser [9] for this purpose. It
   requires that your system have a Java virtual machine. In addition to
   Java, there are validating parsers written in C, Perl, Python, and
   Tcl.



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3.2 Converting to Text Format

   The author has written the xml2rfc tool [10], which reads the source
   file and produces both a text and HTML version of the document.
   (This memo was produced using the xml2rfc tool.) Note that xml2rfc
   isn't a validating tool, so it's a good idea to use either a
   validating editor or run a stand-alone validating parser prior to
   using the tool.

3.3 Converting to HTML Format

   The XML Style Language (XSL) is used to describe transformations from
   the source file into some other structured file. So, ideally you
   should use an XSL-capable formatter to convert an XML source file to
   HTML.

   However, as of this writing XSL is still in considerable flux.
   (Hence, no reference was included in this memo, as by the time you
   read this section, the reference would be outdated.) So, in the
   interim, the author uses the xml2rfc tool for this purpose, even
   though this tool doesn't provide much flexibility in its HTML layout.

3.4 Viewing

   Browsers that support either XSL or Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) are
   able to view the source file directly.

   At present, the author doesn't use any of these browsers, instead
   converting source files to either text or HTML.

3.5 Searching

   As with text editors, any text-oriented search tool (e.g., grep) can
   be used on the source file. However, there are search tools available
   that understand structured source.

   The author uses sgrep version 1.9 [11] for this purpose, e.g.

       sgrep -g xml 'ELEMENTS("title") not in ELEMENTS("back")' \
           writing-rfcs.xml

   which extracts the title element from the source file.









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4. Security Considerations

   This memo raises no security issues; however, according to [2], your
   document should contain a section near the end that discusses the
   security considerations of the protocol or procedures that are the
   main topic of your document, e.g.,

       <middle>
           ...
           <section title="Security Considerations">
               <t>This memo raises no security issues;
               however,
               according to <xref target="refs.RFC2223" />,
               your document should contain a section near the end
               that discusses the security considerations of the
               protocol or procedures that are the main topic of your
               document.</t>
           </section>
       </middle>
































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References

   [1]  World Wide Web Consortium, "Extensible Markup Language (XML)
        1.0", W3C XML, February 1998.

   [2]  Postel, J. and J. Reynolds, "Instructions to RFC Authors", RFC
        2223, October 1997.

   [3]  Bradner, S., "The Internet Standards Process -- Revision 3", BCP
        9, RFC 2026, October 1996.

   [4]  Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R. and L. Masinter, "Uniform Resource
        Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax", RFC 2396, August 1998.

   [5]  http://metalab.unc.edu/xml/

   [6]  http://www.mulberrytech.com/tdtd/

   [7]  http://www.inria.fr/koala/plh/sxml.html

   [8]  http://www.t2000-usa.com/

   [9]  http://www.alphaworks.ibm.com/formula/xml/

   [10]  http://memory.palace.org/authoring/

   [11]  http://www.cs.helsinki.fi/~jjaakkol/sgrep.html

Author's Address

   Marshall T. Rose
   Invisible Worlds, Inc.
   660 York Street
   San Francisco, CA  94110
   US

   Phone: [phone]
   EMail: [e-mail]
   URI:   http://invisible.net/












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Appendix A. The rfc Element

   The "<rfc>" tag at the beginning of the file, with only an "ipr"
   attribute (Section 2.2.7.1), produces an Internet-Draft. However,
   when other attributes are added to this tag by the RFC editor, an RFC
   is produced, e.g.,

       <rfc number="2200"
            obsoletes="2000, 1920, 1880, 1800, ..."
            category="std"
            seriesNo="1">

   At a minimum, the "number" attribute should be present.

   The other attributes are:

   o  "obsoletes", having a comma-separated list of RFC numbers, that
      the document obsoletes;

   o  "updates", having a comma-separated list of RFC numbers, that the
      document updates;

   o  "category", having one of these values:

      1.  "std", for a Standards-Track document;

      2.  "bcp", "for a Best Current Practices document;

      3.  "exp", for an Experimental Protocol document;

      4.  "historic", for a historic document; or,

      5.  "info", the default, for an Informational document.

   o  "seriesNo", having the corresponding number in the STD (std), BCP
      (bcp), or FYI (info) series.

   Finally, a special entity, "&rfc.number;", is available. Authors
   preparing an RFC should use this entity whenever they want to
   reference the number of the RFC within the document itself. In
   printed versions of the document, the appropriate substitution (or
   "XXXX") will occur.









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Appendix B. The RFC DTD

   <!--
     DTD for the RFC document series, draft of 99-01-30
     -->


   <!--
     Contents

       DTD data types