rfc1303.txt

著名的RFC文档,其中有一些文档是已经翻译成中文的的.

Network Working Group                                      K. McCloghrie
Request For Comments: 1303                            Hughes LAN Systems
                                                                 M. Rose
                                                  Dover Beach Consulting
                                                           February 1992


             A Convention for Describing SNMP-based Agents

Status of This Memo

   This memo provides information for the Internet community.  It does
   not specify an Internet standard.  Distribution of this memo is
   unlimited.

Abstract

   This memo suggests a straight-forward approach towards describing
   SNMP-based agents.

Table of Contents

   1. The Network Management Framework ............................    2
   2. Objects .....................................................    2
   3. Describing Agents ...........................................    3
   3.1 Definitions ................................................    4
   3.2 Mapping of the MODULE-CONFORMANCE macro ....................    5
   3.2.1 Mapping of the LAST-UPDATED clause .......................    6
   3.2.2 Mapping of the PRODUCT-RELEASE clause ....................    6
   3.2.3 Mapping of the DESCRIPTION clause ........................    6
   3.2.4 Mapping of the SUPPORTS clause ...........................    6
   3.2.4.1 Mapping of the INCLUDES clause .........................    6
   3.2.4.2 Mapping of the VARIATION clause ........................    6
   3.2.4.2.1 Mapping of the SYNTAX clause .........................    6
   3.2.4.2.2 Mapping of the WRITE-SYNTAX clause ...................    7
   3.2.4.2.3 Mapping of the ACCESS clause .........................    7
   3.2.4.2.4 Mapping of the CREATION-REQUIRES clause ..............    7
   3.2.4.2.5 Mapping of the DEFVAL clause .........................    7
   3.2.4.2.6 Mapping of the DESCRIPTION clause ....................    7
   3.3 Refined Syntax .............................................    7
   3.4 Usage Example ..............................................    8
   4. Acknowledgements ............................................   11
   5. References ..................................................   11
   6. Security Considerations......................................   12
   7. Authors' Addresses...........................................   12






McCloghrie & Rose                                               [Page 1]

RFC 1303         Convention for Describing SNMP Agents     February 1992


1.  The Network Management Framework

   The Internet-standard Network Management Framework consists of
   three components.  They are:

   RFC 1155 [1] which defines the SMI, the mechanisms used for
   describing and naming objects for the purpose of management.
   RFC 1212 [2] defines a more concise description mechanism,
   which is wholly consistent with the SMI.

   RFC 1213 [3] which defines MIB-II, the core set of managed
   objects for the Internet suite of protocols.

   RFC 1157 [4] which defines the SNMP, the protocol used for
   network access to managed objects.

   The Framework permits new objects to be defined for the
   purpose of experimentation and evaluation.

2.  Objects

   Managed objects are accessed via a virtual information store,
   termed the Management Information Base or MIB.  Within a given
   MIB module, objects are defined using RFC 1212's OBJECT-TYPE
   macro.  At a minimum, each object has a name, a syntax, an
   access-level, and an implementation-status.

   The name is an object identifier, an administratively assigned
   name, which specifies an object type.  The object type
   together with an object instance serves to uniquely identify a
   specific instantiation of the object.  For human convenience,
   we often use a textual string, termed the OBJECT DESCRIPTOR,
   to also refer to the object type.

   The syntax of an object type defines the abstract data
   structure corresponding to that object type.  The ASN.1[5]
   language is used for this purpose.  However, RFC 1155
   purposely restricts the ASN.1 constructs which may be used.
   These restrictions are explicitly made for simplicity.

   The access-level of an object type defines whether it makes
   "protocol sense" to read and/or write the value of an instance
   of the object type.  (This access-level is independent of any
   administrative authorization policy.)

   The implementation-status of an object type indicates whether
   the object is mandatory, optional, obsolete, or deprecated.




McCloghrie & Rose                                               [Page 2]

RFC 1303         Convention for Describing SNMP Agents     February 1992


3.  Describing Agents

   When a MIB module is written, it is divided into units of
   conformance termed groups.  If an agent claims conformance to
   a group, then it must implement each and every object within
   that group.  Of course, for whatever reason, an agent may
   implement only a subset of the groups within a MIB module.  In
   addition, the definition of some MIB objects leave some
   aspects of the definition to the discretion of an implementor.

   Practical experience has demonstrated a need for concisely
   describing the capabilities of an agent with regards to the
   MIB groups that it implements.  This memo defines a new macro,
   MODULE-CONFORMANCE, which allows an agent implementor to
   describe the precise level of support which an agent claims in
   regards to a MIB group, and to bind that description to the
   sysObjectID associated with the agent.  In particular, some
   objects may have restricted or augmented syntax or access-
   levels.

   If the MODULE-CONFORMANCE invocation is given to a
   management-station implementor, then that implementor can
   build management applications which optimize themselves when
   communicating with a particular agent.  For example, the
   management-station can maintain a database of these
   invocations.  When a management-station interacts with an
   agent, it retrieves the agent's sysObjectID.  Based on this,
   it consults the database.  If an entry is found, then the
   management application can optimize its behavior accordingly.

   This binding to sysObjectId may not always suffice to define
   all MIB objects to which an agent can provide access. In
   particular, this situation occurs where the agent dynamically
   learns of the objects it supports, for example, an agent
   supporting SMUX peers via the SMUX protocol [6]. In these
   situations, additional MIB objects beyond sysObjectID must be
   used to name other invocations of the MODULE-CONFORMANCE macro
   to augment the description of MIB support provided by the
   agent. For example, if an agent's sysObjectID indicates that
   it supports the SMUX MIB, then each instance of smuxPidentity
   will indicate another MODULE-CONFORMANCE invocation which is
   dynamically being supported by the agent.









McCloghrie & Rose                                               [Page 3]

RFC 1303         Convention for Describing SNMP Agents     February 1992


3.1.  Definitions

   RFC-1303 DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN

       IMPORTS
           ObjectName, ObjectSyntax
               FROM RFC1155-SMI
           DisplayString
               FROM RFC1213-MIB;

       MODULE-CONFORMANCE MACRO ::=
       BEGIN
           TYPE NOTATION ::=
                             "LAST-UPDATED"
                                 value(update      UTCTime)
                             "PRODUCT-RELEASE"
                                 value(release     DisplayString)
                             "DESCRIPTION"
                                 value(description DisplayString)
                             ModulePart

           VALUE NOTATION ::=      -- agent's sysObjectID --
                             value(VALUE ObjectName)

           ModulePart ::=    Modules
                           | empty

           Modules ::=       Module
                           | Modules Module

           Module ::=                   -- name of module --
                             "SUPPORTS" ModuleName
                             "INCLUDES" "{" Groups "}"
                             VariationPart

           ModuleName ::=    identifier ModuleIdentifier

           ModuleIdentifier ::=
                             value (moduleID OBJECT IDENTIFIER)
                           | empty

           Groups ::=        Group
                           | Groups "," Group

           Group ::=         value(group OBJECT IDENTIFIER)

           VariationPart ::= Variations
                           | empty



McCloghrie & Rose                                               [Page 4]

RFC 1303         Convention for Describing SNMP Agents     February 1992


           Variations ::=    Variation
                           | Variations Variation

           Variation ::=     "VARIATION" value(object ObjectName)
                             Syntax WriteSyntax Access
                             Creation DefaultValue
                             "DESCRIPTION"
                                 value(limitext DisplayString)

           -- must be a refinement for object's SYNTAX
           Syntax ::=        "SYNTAX" type(SYNTAX)
                           | empty

           -- must be a refinement for object's SYNTAX
           WriteSyntax ::=   "WRITE-SYNTAX" type(WriteSYNTAX)
                           | empty

           Access ::=        "ACCESS" AccessValue
                           | empty

           AccessValue ::=   "read-only"
                           | "read-write"
                           | "write-only"
                           | "not-accessible"

           Creation ::=      "CREATION-REQUIRES" "{" Cells "}"

           Cells ::=         Cell
                           | Cells "," Cell

           Cell ::=          value(cell ObjectName)

           DefaultValue ::=  "DEFVAL"
                             "{" value (defval ObjectSyntax) "}"
                           | empty

       END

   END

3.2.  Mapping of the MODULE-CONFORMANCE macro

   It should be noted that the expansion of the MODULE-CONFORMANCE macro
   is something which conceptually happens during implementation and not
   during run-time.






McCloghrie & Rose                                               [Page 5]

RFC 1303         Convention for Describing SNMP Agents     February 1992


3.2.1.  Mapping of the LAST-UPDATED clause

   The LAST-UPDATED clause, which must be present, contains the date and
   time that this definition was last edited.

3.2.2.  Mapping of the PRODUCT-RELEASE clause

   The PRODUCT-RELEASE clause, which must be present, contains a textual
   description of the product release which includes this agent.

3.2.3.  Mapping of the DESCRIPTION clause

   The DESCRIPTION clause, which must be present, contains a textual
   description of this agent.

3.2.4.  Mapping of the SUPPORTS clause

   The SUPPORTS clause, which need not be present, is repeatedly used to
   name each MIB module for which the agent claims a complete or partial
   implementation.  Each MIB module is named by its module name, and
   optionally, by its associated OBJECT IDENTIFIER as well.  (Note that
   only a few MIB modules have had OBJECT IDENTIFIERs assigned to them.)

3.2.4.1.  Mapping of the INCLUDES clause

   The INCLUDES clause, which must be present for each use of the
   SUPPORTS clause, is used to name each MIB group associated with the
   SUPPORT clause, which the agent claims to implement.

3.2.4.2.  Mapping of the VARIATION clause

   The VARIATION clause, which need not be present, is repeatedly used
   to name each MIB object which the agent implements in some variant or
   refined fashion.

3.2.4.2.1.  Mapping of the SYNTAX clause

   The SYNTAX clause, which need not be present, is used to provide a
   refined SYNTAX for the object named in the correspondent VARIATION
   clause.  Note that if this clause and a WRITE-SYNTAX clause are both
   present, then this clause only applies when instances of the object
   named in the correspondent VARIATION clause are read.

   Consult Section 3.3 for more information on refined syntax.







McCloghrie & Rose                                               [Page 6]