rfc1067.txt

著名的RFC文档,其中有一些文档是已经翻译成中文的的.

3.2.6.3.4.  ipRoutingTable Object Type Names

   The name of an IP route, x, is the OBJECT IDENTIFIER of the form
   a.b.c.d such that a.b.c.d is the value (in the familiar "dot"
   notation) of that instance of the ipRouteDest object type associated
   with x.

   For each object type, t, for which the defined name, n, has a prefix
   of ipRoutingEntry, an instance, i, of t is named by an OBJECT
   IDENTIFIER of the form n.y, where y is the name of the IP route about
   which i represents information.

   For example, suppose one wanted to find the next hop of an entry in
   the IP routing table associated  with the destination of 89.1.1.42.
   Accordingly, ipRouteNextHop.89.1.1.42 would identify the desired
   instance.

3.2.6.3.5.  tcpConnTable Object Type Names

   The name of a TCP connection, x, is the OBJECT IDENTIFIER of the form
   a.b.c.d.e.f.g.h.i.j such that a.b.c.d is the value (in the familiar



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   "dot" notation) of that instance of the tcpConnLocalAddress object
   type associated with x and such that f.g.h.i is the value (in the
   familiar "dot" notation) of that instance of the tcpConnRemoteAddress
   object type associated with x and such that e is the value of that
   instance of the tcpConnLocalPort object type associated with x and
   such that j is the value of that instance of the tcpConnRemotePort
   object type associated with x.

   For each object type, t, for which the defined name, n, has a prefix
   of  tcpConnEntry, an instance, i, of t is named by an OBJECT
   IDENTIFIER of the form n.y, where y is the name of the TCP connection
   about which i represents information.

   For example, suppose one wanted to find the state of a TCP connection
   between the local address of 89.1.1.42 on TCP port 21 and the remote
   address of 10.0.0.51 on TCP port 2059.  Accordingly,
   tcpConnState.89.1.1.42.21.10.0.0.51.2059 would identify the desired
   instance.

3.2.6.3.6.  egpNeighTable Object Type Names

   The name of an EGP neighbor, x, is the OBJECT IDENTIFIER of the form
   a.b.c.d such that a.b.c.d is the value (in the familiar "dot"
   notation) of that instance of the egpNeighAddr object type associated
   with x.

   For each object type, t, for which the defined name, n, has a prefix
   of egpNeighEntry, an instance, i, of t is named by an OBJECT
   IDENTIFIER of the form n.y, where y is the name of the EGP neighbor
   about which i represents information.

   For example, suppose one wanted to find the neighbor state for the IP
   address of 89.1.1.42.  Accordingly, egpNeighState.89.1.1.42 would
   identify the desired instance.

















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4.  Protocol Specification

   The network management protocol is an application protocol by which
   the variables of an agent's MIB may be inspected or altered.

   Communication among protocol entities is accomplished by the exchange
   of messages, each of which is entirely and independently represented
   within a single UDP datagram using the basic encoding rules of ASN.1
   (as discussed in Section 3.2.2).  A message consists of a version
   identifier, an SNMP community name, and a protocol data unit (PDU).
   A protocol entity receives messages at UDP port 161 on the host with
   which it is associated for all messages except for those which report
   traps (i.e., all messages except those which contain the Trap-PDU).
   Messages which report traps should be received on UDP port 162 for
   further processing.  An implementation of this protocol need not
   accept messages whose length exceeds 484 octets.  However, it is
   recommended that implementations support larger datagrams whenever
   feasible.

   It is mandatory that all implementations of the SNMP support the five
   PDUs: GetRequest-PDU, GetNextRequest-PDU, GetResponse-PDU,
   SetRequest-PDU, and Trap-PDU.

    RFC1067-SNMP DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN

     IMPORTS
          ObjectName, ObjectSyntax, NetworkAddress, IpAddress, TimeTicks
                  FROM RFC1065-SMI;


     -- top-level message

             Message ::=
                     SEQUENCE {
                          version        -- version-1 for this RFC
                             INTEGER {
                                 version-1(0)
                             },

                         community      -- community name
                             OCTET STRING,

                         data           -- e.g., PDUs if trivial
                             ANY        -- authentication is being used
                     }






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     -- protocol data units

             PDUs ::=
                     CHOICE {
                         get-request
                             GetRequest-PDU,

                         get-next-request
                             GetNextRequest-PDU,

                         get-response
                             GetResponse-PDU,

                         set-request
                             SetRequest-PDU,

                         trap
                             Trap-PDU
                          }

     -- the individual PDUs and commonly used
     -- data types will be defined later

     END


4.1.  Elements of Procedure

   This section describes the actions of a protocol entity implementing
   the SNMP. Note, however, that it is not intended to constrain the
   internal architecture of any conformant implementation.

   In the text that follows, the term transport address is used.  In the
   case of the UDP, a transport address consists of an IP address along
   with a UDP port.  Other transport services may be used to support the
   SNMP.  In these cases, the definition of a transport address should
   be made accordingly.

   The top-level actions of a protocol entity which generates a message
   are as follows:

        (1)  It first constructs the appropriate PDU, e.g., the
             GetRequest-PDU, as an ASN.1 object.

        (2)  It then passes this ASN.1 object along with a community
             name its source transport address and the destination
             transport address, to the service which implements the
             desired authentication scheme.  This authentication



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             service returns another ASN.1 object.

        (3)  The protocol entity then constructs an ASN.1 Message
             object, using the community name and the resulting ASN.1
             object.

        (4)  This new ASN.1 object is then serialized, using the basic
             encoding rules of ASN.1, and then sent using a transport
             service to the peer protocol entity.

   Similarly, the top-level actions of a protocol entity which receives
   a message are as follows:

        (1)  It performs a rudimentary parse of the incoming datagram
             to build an ASN.1 object corresponding to an ASN.1
             Message object. If the parse fails, it discards the
             datagram and performs no further actions.

        (2)  It then verifies the version number of the SNMP message.
             If there is a mismatch, it discards the datagram and
             performs no further actions.

        (3)  The protocol entity then passes the community name and
             user data found in the ASN.1 Message object, along with
             the datagram's source and destination transport addresses
             to the service which implements the desired
             authentication scheme.  This entity returns another ASN.1
             object, or signals an authentication failure.  In the
             latter case, the protocol entity notes this failure,
             (possibly) generates a trap, and discards the datagram
             and performs no further actions.

        (4)  The protocol entity then performs a rudimentary parse on
             the ASN.1 object returned from the authentication service
             to build an ASN.1 object corresponding to an ASN.1 PDUs
             object.  If the parse fails, it discards the datagram and
             performs no further actions.  Otherwise, using the named
             SNMP community, the appropriate profile is selected, and
             the PDU is processed accordingly.  If, as a result of
             this processing, a message is returned then the source
             transport address that the response message is sent from
             shall be identical to the destination transport address
             that the original request message was sent to.








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4.1.1.  Common Constructs

   Before introducing the six PDU types of the protocol, it is
   appropriate to consider some of the ASN.1 constructs used frequently:

                  -- request/response information

                  RequestID ::=
                          INTEGER

                  ErrorStatus ::=
                          INTEGER {
                              noError(0),
                              tooBig(1),
                              noSuchName(2),
                              badValue(3),
                              readOnly(4)
                              genErr(5)
                          }

                  ErrorIndex ::=
                          INTEGER


                  -- variable bindings

                  VarBind ::=
                          SEQUENCE {
                              name
                                  ObjectName,

                              value
                                  ObjectSyntax
                          }

                  VarBindList ::=
                          SEQUENCE OF
                              VarBind


   RequestIDs are used to distinguish among outstanding requests.  By
   use of the RequestID, an SNMP application entity can correlate
   incoming responses with outstanding requests.  In cases where an
   unreliable datagram service is being used, the RequestID also
   provides a simple means of identifying messages duplicated by the
   network.

   A non-zero instance of ErrorStatus is used to indicate that an



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   exception occurred while processing a request.  In these cases,
   ErrorIndex may provide additional information by indicating which
   variable in a list caused the exception.

   The term variable refers to an instance of a managed object.  A
   variable binding, or VarBind, refers to the pairing of the name of a
   variable to the variable's value.  A VarBindList is a simple list of
   variable names and corresponding values.  Some PDUs are concerned
   only with the name of a variable and not its value (e.g., the
   GetRequest-PDU).  In this case, the value portion of the binding is
   ignored by the protocol entity.  However, the value portion must
   still have valid ASN.1 syntax and encoding.  It is recommended that
   the ASN.1 value NULL be used for the value portion of such bindings.

4.1.2.  The GetRequest-PDU

             The form of the GetRequest-PDU is:
                  GetRequest-PDU ::=
                      [0]
                          IMPLICIT SEQUENCE {
                              request-id
                                  RequestID,

                              error-status        -- always 0
                                  ErrorStatus,

                              error-index         -- always 0
                                  ErrorIndex,

                              variable-bindings
                                  VarBindList
                          }


   The GetRequest-PDU is generated by a protocol entity only at the
   request of its SNMP application entity.

   Upon receipt of the GetRequest-PDU, the receiving protocol entity
   responds according to any applicable rule in the list below:

        (1)  If, for any object named in the variable-bindings field,
             the object's name does not exactly match the name of some