rfc2070.txt
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for a server to obtain character encoding information, instead of the unreliable META above; see [NICOL2] for some details and a proposal.Yergeau, et. al. Standards Track [Page 18] RFC 2070 HTML Internationalization January 1997 For definiteness, the "charset" parameter received from the source of the document should be considered the most authoritative, followed in order of preference by the contents of a META element such as the above, and finally the CHARSET parameter of the anchor that was followed (if any). When HTML text is transmitted directly in UCS-2 or UCS-4 form, the question of byte order arises: does the high-order byte of each multi-byte character come first or last? For definiteness, this specification recommends that UCS-2 and UCS-4 be transmitted in big- endian byte order (high order byte first), which corresponds to the established network byte order for two- and four-byte quantities, to the ISO 10646 requirement and Unicode recommendation for serialized text data and to RFC 1641. Furthermore, to maximize chances of proper interpretation, it is recommended that documents transmitted as UCS-2 or UCS-4 always begin with a ZERO-WIDTH NON-BREAKING SPACE character (hexadecimal FEFF or 0000FEFF) which, when byte-reversed becomes number FFFE or FFFE0000, a character guaranteed to be never assigned. Thus, a user-agent receiving an FFFE as the first octets of a text would know that bytes have to be reversed for the remainder of the text. There exist so-called UCS Transformation Formats than can be used to transmit UCS data, in addition to UCS-2 and UCS-4. UTF-7 [RFC1642] and UTF-8 [UTF-8] have favorable properties (no byte-ordering problem, different flavours of ASCII compatibility) that make them worthy of consideration, especially for transmission of multilingual text. Another encoding scheme, MNEM [RFC1345], also has interesting properties and the capability to transmit the full UCS. The UTF-1 transformation format of ISO 10646:1993 (registered by IANA as ISO- 10646-UTF-1), has been removed from ISO 10646 by amendment 4, and should not be used.Yergeau, et. al. Standards Track [Page 19] RFC 2070 HTML Internationalization January 19977. HTML Public Text7.1. HTML DTD This section contains a DTD for HTML based on the HTML 2.0 DTD of RFC 1866, incorporating the changes for file upload as specified in RFC 1867, and the changes deriving from this document. <!-- html.dtd Document Type Definition for the HyperText Markup Language, extended for internationalisation (HTML DTD) Last revised: 96/08/07 Authors: Daniel W. Connolly <connolly@w3.org> Francois Yergeau <yergeau@alis.com> See Also: http://www.w3.org/hypertext/WWW/MarkUp/MarkUp.html --> <!ENTITY % HTML.Version "-//IETF//DTD HTML i18n//EN" -- Typical usage: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML i18n//EN"> <html> ... </html> -- > <!--============ Feature Test Entities ========================--> <!ENTITY % HTML.Recommended "IGNORE" -- Certain features of the language are necessary for compatibility with widespread usage, but they may compromise the structural integrity of a document. This feature test entity enables a more prescriptive document type definition that eliminates those features. --> <![ %HTML.Recommended [ <!ENTITY % HTML.Deprecated "IGNORE"> ]]>Yergeau, et. al. Standards Track [Page 20] RFC 2070 HTML Internationalization January 1997 <!ENTITY % HTML.Deprecated "INCLUDE" -- Certain features of the language are necessary for compatibility with earlier versions of the specification, but they tend to be used and implemented inconsistently, and their use is deprecated. This feature test entity enables a document type definition that eliminates these features. --> <!ENTITY % HTML.Highlighting "INCLUDE" -- Use this feature test entity to validate that a document uses no highlighting tags, which may be ignored on minimal implementations. --> <!ENTITY % HTML.Forms "INCLUDE" -- Use this feature test entity to validate that a document contains no forms, which may not be supported in minimal implementations --> <!--============== Imported Names ==============================--> <!ENTITY % Content-Type "CDATA" -- meaning an internet media type (aka MIME content type, as per RFC2045) --> <!ENTITY % HTTP-Method "GET | POST" -- as per HTTP specification, RFC2068 --> <!--========= DTD "Macros" =====================--> <!ENTITY % heading "H1|H2|H3|H4|H5|H6"> <!ENTITY % list " UL | OL | DIR | MENU " > <!ENTITY % attrs -- common attributes for elements -- "LANG NAME #IMPLIED -- RFC 1766 language tag -- DIR (ltr|rtl) #IMPLIED -- text directionnality -- ID ID #IMPLIED -- element identifier (from RFC1942) -- CLASS NAMES #IMPLIED -- for subclassing elements (from RFC1942) --"> <!ENTITY % just -- an attribute for text justification -- "ALIGN (left|right|center|justify) #IMPLIED"Yergeau, et. al. Standards Track [Page 21] RFC 2070 HTML Internationalization January 1997 -- default is left for ltr paragraphs, right for rtl -- > <!--======= Character mnemonic entities =================--> <!ENTITY % ISOlat1 PUBLIC "ISO 8879-1986//ENTITIES Added Latin 1//EN//HTML"> %ISOlat1; <!ENTITY amp CDATA "&" -- ampersand --> <!ENTITY gt CDATA ">" -- greater than --> <!ENTITY lt CDATA "<" -- less than --> <!ENTITY quot CDATA """ -- double quote --> <!--Entities for language-dependent presentation (BIDI and contextual analysis) --> <!ENTITY zwnj CDATA "‌"-- zero width non-joiner--> <!ENTITY zwj CDATA "‍"-- zero width joiner--> <!ENTITY lrm CDATA "‎"-- left-to-right mark--> <!ENTITY rlm CDATA "‏"-- right-to-left mark--> <!--========= SGML Document Access (SDA) Parameter Entities =====--> <!-- HTML contains SGML Document Access (SDA) fixed attributes in support of easy transformation to the International Committee for Accessible Document Design (ICADD) DTD "-//EC-USA-CDA/ICADD//DTD ICADD22//EN". ICADD applications are designed to support usable access to structured information by print-impaired individuals through Braille, large print and voice synthesis. For more information on SDA & ICADD: - ISO 12083:1993, Annex A.8, Facilities for Braille, large print and computer voice - ICADD ListServ <ICADD%ASUACAD.BITNET@ARIZVM1.ccit.arizona.edu> - Usenet news group bit.listserv.easi - Recording for the Blind, +1 800 221 4792 --> <!ENTITY % SDAFORM "SDAFORM CDATA #FIXED" -- one to one mapping --> <!ENTITY % SDARULE "SDARULE CDATA #FIXED" -- context-sensitive mapping --> <!ENTITY % SDAPREF "SDAPREF CDATA #FIXED" -- generated text prefix --> <!ENTITY % SDASUFF "SDASUFF CDATA #FIXED" -- generated text suffix --> <!ENTITY % SDASUSP "SDASUSP NAME #FIXED"Yergeau, et. al. Standards Track [Page 22] RFC 2070 HTML Internationalization January 1997 -- suspend transform process --> <!--========== Text Markup =====================--> <![ %HTML.Highlighting [ <!ENTITY % font " TT | B | I "> <!ENTITY % phrase "EM | STRONG | CODE | SAMP | KBD | VAR | CITE "> <!ENTITY % text "#PCDATA|A|IMG|BR|%phrase|%font|SPAN|Q|BDO|SUP|SUB"> <!ELEMENT (%font;|%phrase) - - (%text)*> <!ATTLIST ( TT | CODE | SAMP | KBD | VAR ) %attrs; %SDAFORM; "Lit" > <!ATTLIST ( B | STRONG ) %attrs; %SDAFORM; "B" > <!ATTLIST ( I | EM | CITE ) %attrs; %SDAFORM; "It" > <!-- <TT> Typewriter text --> <!-- <B> Bold text --> <!-- <I> Italic text --> <!-- <EM> Emphasized phrase --> <!-- <STRONG> Strong emphasis --> <!-- <CODE> Source code phrase --> <!-- <SAMP> Sample text or characters --> <!-- <KBD> Keyboard phrase, e.g. user input --> <!-- <VAR> Variable phrase or substitutable --> <!-- <CITE> Name or title of cited work --> <!ENTITY % pre.content "#PCDATA|A|HR|BR|%font|%phrase|SPAN|BDO"> ]]> <!ENTITY % text "#PCDATA|A|IMG|BR|SPAN|Q|BDO|SUP|SUB"> <!ELEMENT BR - O EMPTY> <!ATTLIST BRYergeau, et. al. Standards Track [Page 23] RFC 2070 HTML Internationalization January 1997 %SDAPREF; "&#RE;" > <!-- <BR> Line break --> <!ELEMENT SPAN - - (%text)*> <!ATTLIST SPAN %attrs; %SDAFORM; "other #Attlist" > <!-- <SPAN> Generic inline container --> <!-- <SPAN DIR=...> New counterflow embedding --> <!-- <SPAN LANG="..."> Language of contents --> <!ELEMENT Q - - (%text)*> <!ATTLIST Q %attrs; %SDAPREF; '"' %SDASUFF; '"' > <!-- <Q> Short quotation --> <!-- <Q LANG=xx> Language of quotation is xx --> <!-- <Q DIR=...> New conterflow embedding --> <!ELEMENT BDO - - (%text)+> <!ATTLIST BDO LANG NAME #IMPLIED DIR (ltr|rtl) #REQUIRED ID ID #IMPLIED CLASS NAMES #IMPLIED %SDAPREF "Bidi Override #Attval(DIR): " %SDASUFF "End Bidi" > <!-- <BDO DIR=...> Override directionality of text to value of DIR --> <!-- <BDO LANG=...> Language of contents --> <!ELEMENT (SUP|SUB) - - (#PCDATA)> <!ATTLIST (SUP) %attrs;⌨️ 快捷键说明
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