rfc1206.txt

著名的RFC文档,其中有一些文档是已经翻译成中文的的.

   GB      Gigabyte
           A unit of data storage size which represents 2^30 (over
           1 billion) characters of information.

   Gb      Gigabit
           2^30 bits of information (usually used to express a
           data transfer rate; as in, 1 gigabit/second = 1Gbps).

   GNU     Gnu's Not UNIX
           A UNIX-compatible operating system developed by the
           Free Software Foundation.


   header  The portion of a packet, preceding the actual data,
           containing source and destination addresses and
           error-checking fields.

   host number
           The part of an internet address that designates which
           node on the (sub)network is being addressed.

   HP      Hewlett-Packard

   HYPERchannel
           High-speed communications link.


   I/O     Input/Output

   IAB     Internet Activities Board
           The IAB is the coordinating committee for Internet
           design, engineering and management.

   IBM     International Business Machines Corporation

   ICMP    Internet Control Message Protocol
           ICMP is an extension to the Internet Protocol.  It
           allows for the generation of error messages,
           test packets and informational messages related to IP.

   IEEE    Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers

   IETF    Internet Engineering Task Force
           The IETF is a large open community of network designers,
           operators, vendors, and researchers whose purpose is to
           coordinate the operation, management and evolution of



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           the Internet, and to resolve short- and mid-range
           protocol and architectural issues.  It is a major source
           of proposed protocol standards which are submitted to the
           Internet Activities Board for final approval.  The IETF
           meets three times a year and extensive minutes of the
           plenary proceedings are issued.

   internet
   internetwork
           Any connection of two or more local or wide-area networks.

   Internet
           The global collection of interconnected local, mid-level and
           wide-area networks which use IP as the network layer
           protocol.

   internet address
           An assigned number which identifies a host in an internet.
           It has two or three parts: network number, optional subnet
           number, and host number.

   IP      Internet Protocol
           The network layer protocol for the Internet.  It is a packet
           switching, datagram protocol defined in RFC 791.

   IRTF    Internet Research Task Force
           The IRTF is a community of network researchers,
           generally with an Internet focus.  The work of the IRTF
           is governed by its Internet Research Steering Group (IRSG).

   ISO     International Organization for Standardization


   KB      Kilobyte
           A unit of data storage size which represents 2^10
           (1024) characters of information.

   Kb      Kilobit
           2^10 bits of information (usually used to express a
           data transfer rate; as in, 1 kilobit/second = 1Kbps = 1Kb).


   LAN     Local Area Network
           A network that takes advantage of the proximity of computers
           to offer relatively efficient, higher speed communications
           than long-haul or wide-area networks.





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   LISP    List Processing Language
           A high-level computer language invented by Professor John
           McCarthy in 1961 to support research into computer based
           logic, logical reasoning, and artificial intelligence.  It
           was the first symbolic (as opposed to numeric) computer
           processing language.


   MAC     Medium Access Control
           For broadcast networks, it is the method which devices use
           to determine which device has line access at any given
           time.

   Mac     Apple Macintosh computer.

   MAN     Metropolitan Area Network

   MB      Megabyte
           A unit of data storage size which represents over
           2^20 (one million) characters of information.

   Mb      Megabit
           2^20 bits of information (usually used to express a
           data transfer rate; as in, 1 megabit/second = 1Mbps).

   MILNET  Military Network
           A network used for unclassified military production
           applications.  It is part of the DDN and the Internet.

   MIT     Massachusetts Institute of Technology

   MTTF    Mean Time to Failure
           The average time between hardware breakdown or loss of
           service.  This may be an empirical measurement or a
           calculation based on the MTTF of component parts.

   MTTR    Mean Time to Recovery (or Repair)
           The average time it takes to restore service after a
           breakdown or loss.  This is usually an empirical measurement.

   MVS     Multiple Virtual Storage
           An IBM operating system based on OS/1.


   NASA    National Aeronautics and Space Administration






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   NBS     National Bureau of Standards
           Now called NIST.

   network number
           The part of an internet address which designates the
           network to which the addressed node belongs.

   NFS     Network File System
           A network service that lets a program running on one
           computer to use data stored on a different computer on
           the same internet as if it were on its own disk.

   NIC     Network Information Center
           An organization which provides network users with
           information about services provided by the network.

   NOC     Network Operations Center
           An organization that is responsible for maintaining
           a network.

   NIST    National Institute of Standards and Technology
           Formerly NBS.

   NSF     National Science Foundation

   NSFNET  National Science Foundation Network
           The NSFNET is a highspeed "network of networks" which is
           hierarchical in nature.  At the highest level is a network
           that spans the continental United States.  Attached to that
           are mid-level networks and attached to the mid-levels are
           campus and local networks.  NSFNET also has connections out
           of the U.S. to Canada, Mexico, Europe, and the Pacific Rim.
           The NSFNET is part of the Internet.

   NSFNET  Mid-level Level Network
           A network connected to the highest level of the NSFNET that
           covers a region of the United States.  It is to mid-level
           networks that local sites connect.  The mid-level networks
           were once called "regionals".

   OSI     Open Systems Interconnection
           A set of protocols designed to be an international standard
           method for connecting unlike computers and networks.  Europe
           has done most of the work developing OSI and will probably
           use it as soon as possible.






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   OSI Reference Model
           An "outline" of OSI which defines its seven layers and
           their functions.  Sometimes used to help describe other
           networks.

   OSPF    Open Shortest-Path First Interior Gateway Protocol
           A proposed replacement for RIP.  It addresses some
           problems of RIP and is based upon principles that have
           been well-tested in non-internet protocols.  Originally
           acronymed as OSPFIGP.


   packet  The unit of data sent across a packet switching network.
           The term is used loosely.  While some Internet
           literature uses it to refer specifically to data sent
           across a physical network, other literature views
           the Internet as a packet switching network
           and describes IP datagrams as packets.

   PC      Personal Computer

   PCNFS   Personal Computer Network File System

   POSIX   Portable Operating System Interface
           Operating system based on UNIX.

   PPP     Point-to-Point Protocol
           The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) provides a method for
           transmitting datagrams over serial point-to-point links.

   protocol
           A formal description of message formats and the rules
           two computers must follow to exchange those messages.
           Protocols can describe low-level details of
           machine-to-machine interfaces (e.g., the order in
           which bits and bytes are sent across a wire)
           or high-level exchanges between allocation
           programs (e.g., the way in which two programs
           transfer a file across the Internet).


   RFC     The Internet's Request for Comments documents series
           The RFCs are working notes of the Internet research and
           development community.  A document in this series may be on
           essentially any topic related to computer communication, and
           may be anything from a meeting report to the specification of
           a standard.




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   RIP     Routing Interchange Protocol
           One protocol which may be used on internets simply to pass
           routing information between gateways.   It is used on may
           LANs and on some of the NSFNET intermediate level networks.

   RJE     Remote Job Entry
           The general protocol for submitting batch jobs and
           retrieving the results.

   RLOGIN  Remote Login
           A service on internets very similar to TELNET.   RLOGIN was
           invented for use between Berkeley Unix systems on the same
           LAN at a time when TELNET programs didn't provide all the
           services users wanted.   Berkeley plans to phase it out.

   router  A special-purpose dedicated computer that attaches to
           two or more networks and routes packets from one
           network to the other.  In particular, an Internet
           gateway routes IP datagrams among the networks it
           connects.  Gateways route packets to other
           gateways until they can be delivered to the final
           destination directly across one physical network.

   RPC     Remote Procedure Call
           An easy and popular paradigm for implementing the
           client-server model of distributed computing.


   server  A computer that shares its resources, such as printers
           and files, with other computers on the network.  An
           example of this is a Network Files System (NFS)
           Server which shares its disk space with one or more
           workstations that may not have local disk drives of
           their own.

   SLIP    Serial Line Internet Protocol
           SLIP is currently a defacto standard, commonly used for
           point-to-point serial connections running TCP/IP.  It is
           not an Internet standard but is defined in RFC 1055.

   SMTP    Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
           The Internet standard protoc