rfc1594.txt

来自「著名的RFC文档,其中有一些文档是已经翻译成中文的的.」· 文本 代码 · 共 1,545 行 · 第 1/5 页


RFC 1594            FYI Q/A - for New Internet Users          March 1994


      directory with "cd internet-drafts".  Internet Draft files can
      then be retrieved.  Once logged in, if you change to the directory
      "ietf", you can retrieve a file called "1id-guidelines.txt", which
      explains how to write and submit an Internet Draft.

   6.10  How do I obtain OSI Standards documents?

      OSI Standards documents are NOT available from the Internet via
      anonymous FTP due to copyright restrictions.  These are available
      from:

         Omnicom Information Service
         501 Church Street NE
         Suite 304
         Vienna, VA  22180  USA
         Telephone: [phone] or [phone]
         Fax: [phone]

         American National Standards Institute
         11 West 42nd Street
         New York, NY  10036  USA
         Telephone: [phone]

      However, the GOSIP specification which covers the use of OSI
      protocols within the U.S. Government is available from the
      National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).  The final
      text of GOSIP Version 2 is now available from both sites.

      Online sources:

         Available through anonymous FTP from osi.ncsl.nist.gov
         (129.6.48.100) as:

            ./pub/gosip/gosip_v2.txt        -- ascii
            ./pub/gosip/gosip_v2.txt.Z      -- ascii compressed
            ./pub/gosip/gosip_v2.ps         -- PostScript
            ./pub/gosip/gosip_v2.ps.Z       -- PostScript compressed

        Hardcopy source:

           Standards Processing Coordinator (ADP)
           National Institute of Standards and Technology
           Technology Building, Room B-64
           Gaithersburg, MD  20899
           [phone]






User Services Working Group                                    [Page 12]

RFC 1594            FYI Q/A - for New Internet Users          March 1994


7.  Questions about Internet Organizations and Contacts

   7.1  What is the IAB?

      The Internet Architecture Board (IAB) is concerned with technical
      and policy issues involving the evolution of the Internet
      architecture [7].  IAB members are deeply committed to making the
      Internet function effectively and evolve to meet a large scale,
      high speed future.  The chairman serves a term of two years and is
      elected by the members of the IAB.  The IAB focuses on the TCP/IP
      protocol suite, and extensions to the Internet system to support
      multiple protocol suites.

      The IAB performs the following functions:

         1)   Reviews Internet Standards,

         2)   Manages the RFC publication process,

         3)   Reviews the operation of the IETF and IRTF,

         4)   Performs strategic planning for the Internet, identifying
              long-range problems and opportunities,

         5)   Acts as an international technical policy liaison and
              representative for the Internet community, and

         6)   Resolves technical issues which cannot be treated within
              the IETF or IRTF frameworks.

      The IAB has two principal subsidiary task forces:

         1)  Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)

         2)  Internet Research Task Force (IRTF)

      Each of these Task Forces is led by a chairman and guided by a
      Steering Group which reports to the IAB through its chairman.  For
      the most part, a collection of Research or Working Groups carries
      out the work program of each Task Force.

      All decisions of the IAB are made public.  The principal vehicle
      by which IAB decisions are propagated to the parties interested in
      the Internet and its TCP/IP protocol suite is the Request for
      Comments (RFC) note series and the Internet Monthly Report.






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RFC 1594            FYI Q/A - for New Internet Users          March 1994


   7.2  What is the IETF?

      The Internet has grown to encompass a large number of widely
      geographically dispersed networks in academic and research
      communities.  It now provides an infrastructure for a broad
      community with various interests.  Moreover, the family of
      Internet protocols and system components has moved from
      experimental to commercial development.  To help coordinate the
      operation, management and evolution of the Internet, the IAB
      established the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).

      The IETF is a large open community of network designers,
      operators, vendors, and researchers concerned with the Internet
      and the Internet protocol suite.  The activity is performed in a
      number of working groups organized around a set of several
      technical areas, each working group has a chair, and each area is
      managed by a technical area director.  The IETF overall is managed
      by its chair and the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG),
      which is made up of the area directors.

      The IAB has delegated to the IESG the general responsibility for
      the resolution of short- and mid-range protocol and architectural
      issues required to make the Internet function effectively, and the
      development of Internet standards.

   7.3  What is the IRTF?

      To promote research in networking and the development of new
      technology, the IAB established the Internet Research Task Force
      (IRTF).  The IRTF is a set of research groups, generally with an
      Internet focus.  The work of the IRTF is governed by its Internet
      Research Steering Group (IRSG).

      In the area of network protocols, the distinction between research
      and engineering is not always clear, so there will sometimes be
      overlap between activities of the IETF and the IRTF.  There is, in
      fact, considerable overlap in membership between the two groups.
      This overlap is regarded as vital for cross-fertilization and
      technology transfer.

   7.4  What is the Internet Society?

      The Internet Society is a relatively new, professional, non-profit
      organization with the general goal of fostering the well-being and
      continued interest in, and evolution and use of the Internet.  The
      Society (often abbreviated ISOC) is integrating the IAB, IETF, and
      IRTF functions into its operation.




User Services Working Group                                    [Page 14]

RFC 1594            FYI Q/A - for New Internet Users          March 1994


      The following goals of the Society are taken from its charter:

         A.  To facilitate and support the technical evolution of
             the Internet as a research and education infrastructure,
             and to stimulate the involvement of the scientific
             community, industry, government and others in the
             evolution of the Internet;

         B.  To educate the scientific community, industry and the
             public at large concerning the technology, use and
             application of the Internet;

         C.  To promote educational applications of Internet
             technology for the benefit of government, colleges and
             universities, industry, and the public at large;

         D.  To provide a forum for exploration of new Internet
             applications, and to stimulate collaboration among
             organizations in their operational use of the global
             Internet.

      More information about the Internet Society is available for
      anonymous FTP from the host: isoc.org in the directory: isoc.
      Information is also available via the ISOC gopher, accessible via
      "gopher isoc.org" if you are running a gopher client.

   7.5  What is the IANA?

      The task of coordinating the assignment of values to the
      parameters of protocols is delegated by the Internet Architecture
      Board (IAB) to the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA).
      These protocol parameters include op-codes, type fields, terminal
      types, system names, object identifiers, and so on.  The "Assigned
      Numbers" Request for Comments (RFC) [1] documents the currently
      assigned values from several series of numbers used in network
      protocol implementations.  Internet addresses and Autonomous
      System numbers are assigned by the Registration Services portion
      of the InterNIC.  The IANA is located at USC/Information Sciences
      Institute.

      Current types of assignments listed in Assigned Numbers and
      maintained by the IANA are:









User Services Working Group                                    [Page 15]

RFC 1594            FYI Q/A - for New Internet Users          March 1994


         Address Resolution Protocol Parameters
         BOOTP Parameters and BOOTP Extension Codes
         Character Sets
         Domain System Parameters
         Encoding Header Field Keywords
         ESMTP Mail Keywords
         Ethernet Multicast Addresses
         Ethernet Numbers of Interest
         Ethernet Vendor Address Components
         IANA Ethernet Address Block
         ICMP Type Numbers
         IEEE 802 Numbers of Interest
         Internet Protocol Numbers
         Internet Version Numbers
         IP Option Numbers
         IP Time to Live Parameter
         IP TOS Parameters
         Internet Multicast Addresses
         Inverse Address Resolution Protocol
         Machine Names
         Mail Encryption Types
         Mail System Names
         Mail Transmission Types
         MILNET X.25 Address Mappings
         MILNET Logical Addresses
         MILNET Link Numbers
         MIME Types
         MIME/X.400 Mapping Tables
         Network Management Parameters
         Novell Numbers
         Operating System Names
         OSPF Authentication Codes
         Point-to-Point Protocol Field Assignments
         Protocol Numbers
         Protocol and Service Names
         Protocol/Type Field Assignments
         Public Data Network Numbers
         Reverse Address Resolution Protocol Operation Codes
         SUN RPC Numbers
         TCP Option Numbers
         TCP Alternate Checksum Numbers
         TELNET Options
         Terminal Type Names
         Version Numbers
         Well Known and Registered Port Numbers
         X.25 Type Numbers
         XNS Protocol Types




User Services Working Group                                    [Page 16]

RFC 1594            FYI Q/A - for New Internet Users          March 1994


      For more information on number assignments, contact: [e-mail].

   7.6  What is a NIC?  What is a NOC?

      "NIC" stands for Network Information Center.  It is an
      organization which provides network users with information about
      services provided by the network.

      "NOC" stands for Network Operations Center.  It is an organization
      that is responsible for maintaining a network.

      For many networks, especially smaller, local networks, the
      functions of the NIC and NOC are combined.  For larger networks,
      such as mid-level and backbone networks, the NIC and NOC
      organizations are separate, yet they do need to interact to fully
      perform their functions.

   7.7  What is the InterNIC?

      The InterNIC is a five year project partially supported by the
      National Science Foundation to provide network information
      services to the networking community.  The InterNIC began
      operations in April of 1993 and is a collaborative project of
      three organizations: General Atomics provides Information Services
      from their location in San Diego, CA; AT&T provides Directory and