rfc1015.txt

著名的RFC文档,其中有一些文档是已经翻译成中文的的.

    To facilitate the funding and administration of the IRI, one agency
    will be selected to manage the contract with IRIO. All funds will
    flow through that agency to the IRIO via interagency transfer. The
    role of the selected agency would be to provide the needed
    contractual activities and adminstrative management. Technical
    guidance and monitoring of IRIO activities would be provided by the
    IRI Policy Board.

    It is not yet clear which Federal agency is best for this role.  The
    requirements for such an agency include the ability to deal flexibly
    with the evolving requirements of the IRI, to deal with funding
    flowing from the various agencies, and to deal flexibly with the
    various agency technical representatives and incorporate their
    recommendations into the contract as required. One of the first
    activities required for the Policy Board would be to select an
    appropriate funding agency.

    All operations and maintenance funding for the IRI will flow through
    the IRIO to selected contractors. This allows centralized management
    of the operation of the IRI.

    There are two major assumptions underlying the budgetary estimates
    to follow.  First of all, the IRIO should maintain a fairly low
    profile with respect to the end users (i.e. the scientists and



Leiner                                                         [Page 15]

RFC 1015                      IRI Plan                         July 1987


    researchers). That is, the users will interact directly with their
    local support personnel.  The IRIO will act as facilitator and
    coordinator, and provide facilities, information and help services
    to the local sites. This will allow the IRIO to remain relatively
    small, as it will not need to deal directly with the thousands of
    scientists/users.

    Second, it is assumed that the operations budget supports the
    interconnection of agency networks as well as transit networking
    where required, but does not include costs of the individual agency
    networks.

    Appendix A provides details of the budgetary estimate. Table 1 gives
    a summary. Note that the initial year has a higher expenditure of
    capital equipment, reflecting the need to purchase both the gateways
    needed for initial interconnection and the needed facilities to
    provide the operation of the gateways and the user services.
    Operations costs are expected to grow by inflation while the capital
    costs should remain constant (decrease when inflation is considered)
    as the IRI is stabilized.

Research Costs

    In addition to the costs of operating and maintaining the
    communications infrastructure and user services, funding must be
    allocated to support an ongoing program of research to improve and
    evolve the IRI.

    While each agency funds its own research program, the intent is that
    the various programs are coordinated through the IRI Policy Board.
    Likewise,  while it is not intended that funds shall be combined or
    joint funding of projects is required, such joint activity can be
    done on an individual arrangement basis.

    Each agency agrees, as part of the joint IRI activity, to fund an
    appropriate level of networking research in areas applicable to IRI
    evolution. The total funding required is currently estimated to be
    four million dollars in FY87, growing by inflation in the outyears.
    Details of this budgetary estimate are provided in Appendix A.












Leiner                                                         [Page 16]

RFC 1015                      IRI Plan                         July 1987


              +--------------------------------------------------+
              |                    Table 1                       |
              |                                                  |
              |           Annual IRI Operations Budget           |
              +----------+-------------+------------+------------+
              | Fiscal   |   Capital   |    O & M   |   Total    |
              |  Year    |    Cost     |    Cost    |            |
              |          |             |            |            |
              |          |   ($M)      |    ($M)    |   ($M)     |
              +----------+-------------+------------+------------+
              |  1987    |      2      |      8     |    10      |
              +----------+-------------+------------+------------+
              |  1988    |      1      |      9     |    10      |
              +----------+-------------+------------+------------+
              |  1989    |      1      |     10     |    11      |
              +--------------------------------------------------+
              |  1990    |      1      |     11     |    12      |
              +--------------------------------------------------+
              |  1991    |      1      |     12     |    13      |
              +--------------------------------------------------+

PHASED IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

    The long-term goal of the IRI activity is to put in place a
    functional high-performance network available to scientists across
    the nation. To accomplish this goal, a steady evolution of
    capability is envisioned.  This phased approach involves both
    technical and administrative aspects.

Technical Phasing

    Currently, networks are being supported by a number of agencies as
    discussed in Section 2. Many are using the DoD protocol suite
    (TCP/IP, etc.) and others have incorporated or are incorporating
    mechanisms for interoperability with networks using the DoD protocol
    suite (e.g. MFEnet). Most have discussed eventual evolution to ISO
    protocols and beyond. By and large, most of these networks are
    hooked together in some mainly ad hoc manner already, some by
    pairwise arrangement and some through third party connections (e.g.
    a university network connected to two agency networks).

    There are two major shortcomings to this ad hoc connection, though.
    Performance is not adequate for advanced scientific environments,
    such as supercomputer usage, and community wide user support is not
    generally available. The phased apprach described below will allow
    these deficiencies to be overcome through coordinated action on the
    part of the  various funding agencies.




Leiner                                                         [Page 17]

RFC 1015                      IRI Plan                         July 1987


Phase I - Functional Interoperability

    The initial stage of the IRI would provide for sharing of the
    communications facilities (e.g. channels, satellites, etc.) by
    interconnecting the networks using the Internet Protocol and IP
    gateways. In addition, mechanisms will be installed (where required)
    and maintained to allow interconnection of the common user services,
    such as electronic mail. This will allow sharing of resources
    attached to the network, such as supercomputers. [7] [8] Note:
    actual use of facilities other than mail would require arrangements
    with the various responsible parties for each host. For example, to
    login to a host not only requires network access; it also requires a
    login account on that host.

    Specific steps to be undertaken in Phase I are the following:

    Gateways will be purchased and installed where needed to
    interconnect the agency networks. The location and performance of
    these gateways will be specified by the IRIO and approved by the
    Policy Board. This engineering will take into account an estimate of
    current and future traffic requirements as well as existing
    interconnecting gateways. It may also result in a recommendation
    that some or all existing gateways between agency networks be
    replaced with common hardware so that adequate management of the
    interconnection can be achieved.

    An IRI operations and management center will be established for the
    interconnecting gateways. [9] [10] This perhaps could be done in
    conjunction with a network management center for another set of
    gateways, e.g. those supported by DARPA or NSF.

    The requirement for application gateways or other techniques to
    interconnect communities using different protocols will be
    investigated and a recommendation made by the IRIO in conjuction
    with the IRAB. The appropriate mechanisms will be installed by the
    IRIO at the direction of the Policy Board.

    An initial user services facility will be established. This facility
    will provide at a minimum such services as a white pages of users
    (similar to the current Internet "whois" service) and a means for
    making accessible standard networking software.

    The IRAB, in coordination with the Policy Board,  will draft a
    coordinated research plan for the development of the new
    technologies required for evolution of the IRI.






Leiner                                                         [Page 18]

RFC 1015                      IRI Plan                         July 1987


Phase II - Full IRI Capability

    Phase II will make the IRI fully functional with enhanced
    capabilities and performance.

    High performance gateways with appropriate new capabilities and
    functions will be installed, replacing and/or augmenting the
    gateways in place from Phase I.  The functionality and performance
    of these gateways will be specified based on the experience from
    Phase I use, the anticipated new uses of the network, and the state
    of the art technologies available as a result of the ongoing
    research.

    The basic user services facility will be mature and support network
    operation. New capabilities will be developed to support specific
    scientific communities (such as a data base of software used by a
    specific community and its availability over the network.)

    A high performance backbone network wil be installed if needed to
    connect high performance agency networks. [11] [12] This is
    anticipated because of the move in several agencies to provide high
    bandwidth networks in support of such activities as supercomputer
    access.

    The introduction and use of international standards  will be
    investigated and a plan developed for providing more services to the
    broad scientific community through use of these standards.

Administrative Phasing

    The goal of the IRI is to get to a fully cooperating and managed
    interagency research internet involving most if not all of the
    agencies supporting scientific research. Recognizing that currently,
    the major research networking players (both networking for research
    and research in networking) are DOE, NASA, DARPA, and NSF, the
    following steps are recommended:

    The first and critical step is to establish a four agency Memorandum
    of Agreement (MOA) to interconnect the agency networks and to share
    the costs of interconnection, transit networks, and an operations
    center. A management structure should be agreed upon as outlined
    above.  Agreement must also be reached on the need to fund an
    ongoing research and engineering activity to evolve the internet.

    A Policy Board and Technical Advisory Board should be established as
    quickly as possible to assure appropriate guidance and direction.

    The Policy Board shall then select an agency to handle the



Leiner                                                         [Page 19]

RFC 1015                      IRI Plan                         July 1987


    administrative and contractual actions with the IRIO.

    A non-profit organization shall then be selected by that agency
    through an appropriate procurement mechanism to be the IRIO. The
    Policy Board of the IRI shall be the selection panel.

    The initial four agencies shall transfer the agreed upon funds to
    the selected contracting agency on equal basis to start.

    These funds will then allow the contracting agency to establish a
    contract for the IRIO with the selected non-profit organization.