rfc1001.txt

著名的RFC文档,其中有一些文档是已经翻译成中文的的.

Network Working Group
Request for Comments: 1001                                March, 1987




             PROTOCOL STANDARD FOR A NetBIOS SERVICE
                     ON A TCP/UDP TRANSPORT:
                      CONCEPTS AND METHODS




                            ABSTRACT

This RFC defines a proposed standard protocol to support NetBIOS
services in a TCP/IP environment.  Both local network and internet
operation are supported.  Various node types are defined to accommodate
local and internet topologies and to allow operation with or without the
use of IP broadcast.

This RFC describes the NetBIOS-over-TCP protocols in a general manner,
emphasizing the underlying ideas and techniques.  Detailed
specifications are found in a companion RFC, "Protocol Standard For a
NetBIOS Service on a TCP/UDP Transport: Detailed Specifications".





























NetBIOS Working Group                                           [Page 1]

RFC 1001                                                      March 1987


                       SUMMARY OF CONTENTS


1.  STATUS OF THIS MEMO                                             6
2.  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS                                                6
3.  INTRODUCTION                                                    7
4.  DESIGN PRINCIPLES                                               7
5.  OVERVIEW OF NetBIOS                                            10
6.  NetBIOS FACILITIES SUPPORTED BY THIS STANDARD                  15
7.  REQUIRED SUPPORTING SERVICE INTERFACES AND DEFINITIONS         15
8.  RELATED PROTOCOLS AND SERVICES                                 16
9.  NetBIOS SCOPE                                                  16
10.  NetBIOS END-NODES                                             16
11.  NetBIOS SUPPORT SERVERS                                       18
12.  TOPOLOGIES                                                    20
13.  GENERAL METHODS                                               23
14.  REPRESENTATION OF NETBIOS NAMES                               25
15.  NetBIOS NAME SERVICE                                          27
16.  NetBIOS SESSION SERVICE                                       48
17.  NETBIOS DATAGRAM SERVICE                                      55
18.  NODE CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS                                 58
19.  MINIMAL CONFORMANCE                                           59
REFERENCES                                                         60
APPENDIX A - INTEGRATION WITH INTERNET GROUP MULTICASTING          61
APPENDIX B - IMPLEMENTATION CONSIDERATIONS                         62





























NetBIOS Working Group                                           [Page 2]

RFC 1001                                                      March 1987


                        TABLE OF CONTENTS


1.  STATUS OF THIS MEMO                                             6

2.  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS                                                6

3.  INTRODUCTION                                                    7

4.  DESIGN PRINCIPLES                                               8
  4.1  PRESERVE NetBIOS SERVICES                                    8
  4.2  USE EXISTING STANDARDS                                       8
  4.3  MINIMIZE OPTIONS                                             8
  4.4  TOLERATE ERRORS AND DISRUPTIONS                              8
  4.5  DO NOT REQUIRE CENTRAL MANAGEMENT                            9
  4.6  ALLOW INTERNET OPERATION                                     9
  4.7  MINIMIZE BROADCAST ACTIVITY                                  9
  4.8  PERMIT IMPLEMENTATION ON EXISTING SYSTEMS                    9
  4.9  REQUIRE ONLY THE MINIMUM NECESSARY TO OPERATE                9
  4.10  MAXIMIZE EFFICIENCY                                        10
  4.11  MINIMIZE NEW INVENTIONS                                    10

5.  OVERVIEW OF NetBIOS                                            10
  5.1  INTERFACE TO APPLICATION PROGRAMS                           10
  5.2  NAME SERVICE                                                11
  5.3  SESSION SERVICE                                             12
  5.4  DATAGRAM SERVICE                                            13
  5.5  MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS                                     14
  5.6  NON-STANDARD EXTENSIONS                                     15

6.  NetBIOS FACILITIES SUPPORTED BY THIS STANDARD                  15

7.  REQUIRED SUPPORTING SERVICE INTERFACES AND DEFINITIONS         15

8.  RELATED PROTOCOLS AND SERVICES                                 16

9.  NetBIOS SCOPE                                                  16

10.  NetBIOS END-NODES                                             16
  10.1  BROADCAST (B) NODES                                        16
  10.2  POINT-TO-POINT (P) NODES                                   16
  10.3  MIXED MODE (M) NODES                                       16

11.  NetBIOS SUPPORT SERVERS                                       18
  11.1  NetBIOS NAME SERVER (NBNS) NODES                           18
     11.1.1  RELATIONSHIP OF THE NBNS TO THE DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM    19
  11.2  NetBIOS DATAGRAM DISTRIBUTION SERVER (NBDD) NODES          19
  11.3  RELATIONSHIP OF NBNS AND NBDD NODES                        20
  11.4  RELATIONSHIP OF NetBIOS SUPPORT SERVERS AND B NODES        20
12.  TOPOLOGIES                                                    20
  12.1  LOCAL                                                      20



NetBIOS Working Group                                           [Page 3]

RFC 1001                                                      March 1987


     12.1.1  B NODES ONLY                                          21
     12.1.2  P NODES ONLY                                          21
     12.1.3  MIXED B AND P NODES                                   21
  12.2  INTERNET                                                   22
     12.2.1  P NODES ONLY                                          22
     12.2.2  MIXED M AND P NODES                                   23

13.  GENERAL METHODS                                               23
  13.1  REQUEST/RESPONSE INTERACTION STYLE                         23
     13.1.1  RETRANSMISSION OF REQUESTS                            24
     13.1.2  REQUESTS WITHOUT RESPONSES: DEMANDS                   24
  13.2  TRANSACTIONS                                               25
     13.2.1  TRANSACTION ID                                        25
  13.3  TCP AND UDP FOUNDATIONS                                    25

14.  REPRESENTATION OF NETBIOS NAMES                               25
  14.1  FIRST LEVEL ENCODING                                       26
  14.2  SECOND LEVEL ENCODING                                      27

15.  NetBIOS NAME SERVICE                                          27
  15.1  OVERVIEW OF NetBIOS NAME SERVICE                           27
     15.1.1  NAME REGISTRATION (CLAIM)                             27
     15.1.2  NAME QUERY (DISCOVERY)                                28
     15.1.3  NAME RELEASE                                          28
       15.1.3.1  EXPLICIT RELEASE                                  28
       15.1.3.2  NAME LIFETIME AND REFRESH                         29
       15.1.3.3  NAME CHALLENGE                                    29
       15.1.3.4  GROUP NAME FADE-OUT                               29
     15.1.3.5  NAME CONFLICT                                       30
     15.1.4  ADAPTER STATUS                                        31
     15.1.5  END-NODE NBNS INTERACTION                             31
       15.1.5.1  UDP, TCP, AND TRUNCATION                          31
       15.1.5.2  NBNS WACK                                         32
       15.1.5.3  NBNS REDIRECTION                                  32
     15.1.6  SECURED VERSUS NON-SECURED NBNS                       32
     15.1.7  CONSISTENCY OF THE NBNS DATA BASE                     32
     15.1.8  NAME CACHING                                          34
  15.2  NAME REGISTRATION TRANSACTIONS                             34
     15.2.1  NAME REGISTRATION BY B NODES                          34
     15.2.2  NAME REGISTRATION BY P NODES                          35
       15.2.2.1  NEW NAME, OR NEW GROUP MEMBER                     35
       15.2.2.2  EXISTING NAME AND OWNER IS STILL ACTIVE           36
       15.2.2.3  EXISTING NAME AND OWNER IS INACTIVE               37
     15.2.3  NAME REGISTRATION BY M NODES                          38
  15.3  NAME QUERY TRANSACTIONS                                    39
     15.3.1  QUERY BY B NODES                                      39
     15.3.2  QUERY BY P NODES                                      40
     15.3.3  QUERY BY M NODES                                      43
     15.3.4  ACQUIRE GROUP MEMBERSHIP LIST                         43
  15.4  NAME RELEASE TRANSACTIONS                                  44
     15.4.1  RELEASE BY B NODES                                    44



NetBIOS Working Group                                           [Page 4]

RFC 1001                                                      March 1987


     15.4.2  RELEASE BY P NODES                                    44
     15.4.3  RELEASE BY M NODES                                    44
  15.5  NAME MAINTENANCE TRANSACTIONS                              45
     15.5.1  NAME REFRESH                                          45
     15.5.2  NAME CHALLENGE                                        46
     15.5.3  CLEAR NAME CONFLICT                                   47
  15.6  ADAPTER STATUS TRANSACTIONS                                47

16.  NetBIOS SESSION SERVICE                                       48
  16.1  OVERVIEW OF NetBIOS SESSION SERVICE                        49
     16.1.1  SESSION ESTABLISHMENT PHASE OVERVIEW                  49
       16.1.1.1  RETRYING AFTER BEING RETARGETTED                  50
       16.1.1.2  SESSION ESTABLISHMENT TO A GROUP NAME             51
     16.1.2  STEADY STATE PHASE OVERVIEW                           51
     16.1.3  SESSION TERMINATION PHASE OVERVIEW                    51
  16.2  SESSION ESTABLISHMENT PHASE                                52
  16.3  SESSION DATA TRANSFER PHASE                                54
     16.3.1  DATA ENCAPSULATION                                    54
     16.3.2  SESSION KEEP-ALIVES                                   54

17.  NETBIOS DATAGRAM SERVICE                                      55
  17.1  OVERVIEW OF NetBIOS DATAGRAM SERVICE                       55
     17.1.1  UNICAST, MULTICAST, AND BROADCAST                     55
     17.1.2  FRAGMENTATION OF NetBIOS DATAGRAMS                    55
  17.2  NetBIOS DATAGRAMS BY B NODES                               57
  17.3  NetBIOS DATAGRAMS BY P AND M NODES                         58

18.  NODE CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS                                 58

19.  MINIMAL CONFORMANCE                                           59

REFERENCES                                                         60

APPENDIX A                                                         61

INTEGRATION WITH INTERNET GROUP MULTICASTING                       61
  A-1.  ADDITIONAL PROTOCOL REQUIRED IN B AND M NODES              61
  A-2.  CONSTRAINTS                                                61

APPENDIX B                                                         62

IMPLEMENTATION CONSIDERATIONS                                      62
  B-1.  IMPLEMENTATION MODELS                                      62
     B-1.1  MODEL INDEPENDENT CONSIDERATIONS                       63
     B-1.2  SERVICE OPERATION FOR EACH MODEL                       63
  B-2.  CASUAL AND RESTRICTED NetBIOS APPLICATIONS                 64
  B-3.  TCP VERSUS SESSION KEEP-ALIVES                             66
  B-4.  RETARGET ALGORITHMS                                        67
  B-5.  NBDD SERVICE                                               68
  B-6.  APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS                                 68
     B-6.1  USE OF NetBIOS DATAGRAMS                               68



NetBIOS Working Group                                           [Page 5]

RFC 1001                                                      March 1987


             PROTOCOL STANDARD FOR A NetBIOS SERVICE
                     ON A TCP/UDP TRANSPORT:
                      CONCEPTS AND METHODS


1.  STATUS OF THIS MEMO

   This RFC specifies a proposed standard for the Internet
   community.  Since this topic is new to the Internet community,
   discussions and suggestions are specifically requested.

   Please send written comments to:

           Karl Auerbach
           Epilogue Technology Corporation
           P.O. Box 5432
           Redwood City, CA   94063

   Please send online comments to:

           Avnish Aggarwal
                   Internet: mtxinu!excelan![e-mail]
                   Usenet:   ucbvax!mtxinu!excelan!avnish

   Distribution of this document is unlimited.

2.  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

   This RFC has been developed under the auspices of the Internet
   Activities Board, especially the End-to-End Services Task Force.

   The following individuals have contributed to the development of
   this RFC:

   Avnish Aggarwal       Arvind Agrawal        Lorenzo Aguilar
   Geoffrey Arnold       Karl Auerbach         K. Ramesh Babu
   Keith Ball            Amatzia Ben-Artzi     Vint Cerf
   Richard Cherry        David Crocker         Steve Deering
   Greg Ennis            Steve Holmgren        Jay Israel
   David Kaufman         Lee LaBarre           James Lau
   Dan Lynch             Gaylord Miyata        David Stevens
   Steve Thomas          Ishan Wu

   The system proposed by this RFC does not reflect any existing
   Netbios-over-TCP implementation.  However, the design
   incorporates considerable knowledge obtained from prior
   implementations.  Special thanks goes to the following
   organizations which have provided this invaluable information:

   CMC/Syros      Excelan        Sytek          Ungermann-Bass