rfc1740.txt

著名的RFC文档,其中有一些文档是已经翻译成中文的的.

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Appendix A.  The AppleSingle format

   In the AppleSingle format, a file's contents and attributes are
   stored in a single file in the foreign file system.  For example,
   both forks of a Macintosh file, the Finder information, and an
   associated comment are arranged in a single file with a simple
   structure.

   An AppleSingle file consists of a header followed by one or more data
   entries.  The header consists of several fixed fields and a list of
   entry descriptors, each pointing to a data entry.  Each entry is
   optional and may or may not appear in the file.

    AppleSingle file header:

   Field               Length

   Magic number         4 bytes
   Version number       4 bytes
   Filler              16 bytes
   Number of entries    2 bytes

    Entry descriptor for each entry:

   Entry ID             4 bytes
   Offset               4 bytes
   Length               4 bytes

   Byte ordering in the file fields follows MC68000 conventions, most
   significant byte first.  The fields in the header file follow the
   conventions described in the following sections.

   Magic number
      This field, modelled after the UNIX magic number feature,
      specifies the file's format.  Apple has defined the magic number
      for the AppleSingle format as $00051600 or 0x00051600.

   Version number
      This field denotes the version of AppleSingle format in the event
      the format evolves (more fields may be added to the header).  The
      version described in this note is version $00020000 or
      0x00020000.

   Filler
      This field is all zeros ($00 or 0x00).

   Number of entries
      This field specifies how many different entries are included in



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      the file.  It is an unsigned 16-bit number.  If the number of
      entries is any number other than 0, then that number of entry
      descriptors immediately follows the number of entries field.

   Entry descriptors

      The entry descriptor is made up of the following three fields:

      Entry ID:   an unsigned 32-bit number, defines what the entry is.
                  Entry IDs range from 1 to $FFFFFFFF. Entry ID 0 is
                  invalid.
      Offset:     an unsigned 32-bit number, shows the offset from the
                  beginning of the file to the beginning of the entry's
                  data.
      Length:     an unsigned 32-bit number, shows the length of the
                  data in bytes.  The length can be 0.

   Predefined entry ID's

      Apple has defined a set of entry IDs and their values as follows:

      Data Fork              1 Data fork
      Resource Fork          2 Resource fork
      Real Name              3 File's name as created on home file
                               system
      Comment                4 Standard Macintosh comment
      Icon, B&W              5 Standard Macintosh black and white icon
      Icon, Colour           6 Macintosh colour icon
      File Dates Info        8 File creation date, modification date,
                               and so on
      Finder Info            9 Standard Macintosh Finder information
      Macintosh File Info   10 Macintosh file information, attributes
                               and so on
      ProDOS File Info      11 ProDOS file information, attributes and
                               so on
      MS-DOS File Info      12 MS-DOS file information, attributes and
                               so on
      Short Name            13 AFP short name
      AFP File Info         14 AFP file, information, attributes and so
                               on
      Directory ID          15 AFP directory ID

      Apple reserves the range of entry IDs from 1 to $7FFFFFFF. The
      rest of the range is available for applications to define their
      own entries.  Apple does not arbitrate the use of the rest of the
      range.

Appendix B.  The AppleDouble format



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   The AppleDouble format uses two files to store data, resources and
   attributes.  The AppleDouble Data file contains the data fork and the
   AppleDouble Header file contains the resource fork.

   The AppleDouble Data file contains the standard Macintosh data fork
   with no additional header.  The AppleDouble Header file has exactly
   the same format as the AppleSingle file, except that it does not
   contain a Data fork entry.  The magic number in the AppleDouble
   Header file differs from the magic number in the AppleSingle Header
   file so that an application can tell whether it needs to look in
   another file for the data fork.  The magic number for the AppleDouble
   format is $00051607 or 0x00051607.

   The entries in the AppleDouble Header file can appear in any order;
   however, since the resource fork is the entry that is most commonly
   extended (after the data fork), Apple recommends that the resource
   fork entry to be placed last in the file.  The data fork is easily
   extended because it resides by itself in the AppleDouble Data file.

Appendix C.  applefile.h

   This is an example of a header file for the language C which can be
   used when parsing the data in either an AppleSingle file or
   AppleDouble header.

   The file is written by Lee Jones.  Distribution is unlimited.

   /* applefile.h - Data structures used by AppleSingle/AppleDouble
    * file format
    *
    * Written by Lee Jones, 22-Oct-1993
    *
    * For definitive information, see "AppleSingle/AppleDouble
    * Formats for Foreign Files Developer's Note"; Apple Computer
    * Inc.; (c) 1990.
    *
    * Other details were added from:
    *   Inside Macintosh [old version], volumes II to VI,
    *   Apple include files supplied with Think C 5.0.1,
    *   Microsoft MS-DOS Programmer's Reference, version 5, and
    *   Microsoft C 6.00a's dos.h include file.
    *
    * I don't have ProDOS or AFP Server documentation so related
    * entries may be a bit skimpy.
    *
    * Edit history:
    *
    * when       who  why



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    * ---------  ---  ------------------------------------------
    * 22-Oct-93  LMJ  Pull together from Inside Macintosh,
    *                 Developer's Note, etc
    * 26-Oct-93  LMJ  Finish writing first version and list
    *                 references
    * 06-Feb-94  EEF  Very minor cleanup
    */

   /* Following items define machine specific size (for porting). */

   typedef char            xchar8;         /* 8-bit field */
   typedef char            schar8;         /* signed 8-bit field */
   typedef unsigned char   uchar8;         /* unsigned 8-bit field */
   typedef short           xint16;         /* 16-bit field */
   typedef unsigned short  uint16;         /* unsigned 16-bit field */
   typedef long            xint32;         /* 32-bit field */
   typedef long            sint32;         /* signed 32-bit field */
   typedef unsigned long   uint32;         /* unsigned 32-bit field */

   /* REMINDER: the Motorola 680x0 is a big-endian architecture! */

   typedef uint32 OSType;                  /* 32 bit field */

   /* In the QuickDraw coordinate plane, each coordinate is
    * -32767..32767. Each point is at the intersection of a
    * horizontal grid line and a vertical grid line.  Horizontal
    * coordinates increase from left to right. Vertical
    * coordinates increase from top to bottom. This is the way
    * both a TV screen and page of English text are scanned:
    * from top left to bottom right.
    */

   struct Point /* spot in QuickDraw 2-D grid */
   {
       xint16 v; /* vertical coordinate */
       xint16 h; /* horizontal coordinate */
   }; /* Point */

   typedef struct Point Point;

   /* See older Inside Macintosh, Volume II page 84 or Volume IV
    * page 104.
    */

   struct FInfo /* Finder information */
   {
       OSType fdType; /* File type, 4 ASCII chars */
       OSType fdCreator; /* File's creator, 4 ASCII chars */



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       uint16 fdFlags; /* Finder flag bits */
       Point  fdLocation; /* file's location in folder */
       xint16 fdFldr; /* file 's folder (aka window) */
   }; /* FInfo */

   typedef struct FInfo FInfo;

   /*
    * Masks for finder flag bits (field fdFlags in struct
    * FInfo).
    */

   #define F_fOnDesk       0x0001 /* file is on desktop (HFS only) */
   #define F_maskColor     0x000E /* color coding (3 bits) */
   /*                      0x0010 /* reserved (System 7) */
   #define F_fSwitchLaunch 0x0020 /* reserved (System 7) */
   #define F_fShared       0x0040 /* appl available to multiple users */
   #define F_fNoINITs      0x0080 /* file contains no INIT resources */
   #define F_fBeenInited   0x0100 /* Finder has loaded bundle res. */
   /*                      0x0200  /* reserved (System 7) */
   #define F_fCustomIcom   0x0400 /* file contains custom icon */
   #define F_fStationary   0x0800 /* file is a stationary pad */
   #define F_fNameLocked   0x1000 /* file can't be renamed by Finder */
   #define F_fHasBundle    0x2000 /* file has a bundle */
   #define F_fInvisible    0x4000 /* file's icon is invisible */
   #define F_fAlias        0x8000 /* file is an alias file (System 7) */

   /* See older Inside Macintosh, Volume IV, page 105.
    */

   struct FXInfo /* Extended finder information */

   {
       xint16 fdIconID; /* icon ID number */