rfc1177.txt

著名的RFC文档,其中有一些文档是已经翻译成中文的的.

RFC 1177            FYI Q/A - for New Internet Users         August 1990


   MVS     Multiple Virtual Storage
           An IBM operating system based on OS/1.


   NASA    National Aeronautics and Space Administration

   NBS     National Bureau of Standards
           Now called NIST.

   network number
           The part of an internet address which designates the
           network to which the addressed node belongs.

   NFS     Network File System
           A network service that lets a program running on one
           computer to use data stored on a different computer on
           the same internet as if it were on its own disk.

   NIC     Network Information Center
           An organization which provides network users with
           information about services provided by the network.

   NOC     Network Operations Center
           An organization which is responsible for maintaining
           a network.

   NIST    National Institute of Standards and Technology
           Formerly NBS.

   NSF     National Science Foundation

   NSFNET  National Science Foundation Network
           A high-speed internet that spans the country, and is
           intended for research applications.  It is made up of
           the NSFnet Backbone and the NSFnet regional networks.
           It is part of the Internet.

   NSFNET Backbone
           A network connecting 13 sites across the continental United
           States.  It is the central component of NSFnet.

   NSFNET Regional
           A network connected to the NSFnet Backbone that covers a
           region of the United States.  It is to the regionals that
           local sites connect.






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RFC 1177            FYI Q/A - for New Internet Users         August 1990


   NYSERnet
           New York State Educational and Research Network
           An internet which serves NY educational and research
           institutions.   It also serves as the NSFnet regional
           network for New York State.


   OSI     Open Systems Interconnection
           A set of protocols designed to be an international standard
           method for connecting unlike computers and networks.  Europe
           has done most of the work developing OSI and will probably
           use it as soon as possible.

   OSI Reference Model
           An "outline" of OSI which defines its seven layers and
           their functions.  Sometimes used to help describe other
           networks.

   OSPFIGP Open Shortest-Path First Internet Gateway Protocol
           An experimental replacement for RIP.  It addresses some
           problems of RIP and is based upon principles that have
           been well-tested in non-internet protocols.  Often referred
           to simply as OSPF.


   packet  The unit of data sent across a packet switching network.
           The term is used loosely.  While some Internet
           literature uses it to refer specifically to data sent
           across a physical network, other literature views
           the Internet as a packet switching network
           and describes IP datagrams as packets.

   PC      Personal Computer

   PCNFS   Personal Computer Network File System

   POSIX   Portable Operating System Interface
           Operating system based on UNIX.

   protocol
           A formal description of message formats and the rules
           two computers must follow to exchange those messages.
           Protocols can describe low-level details of
           machine-to-machine interfaces (e.g., the order in
           which bits and bytes are sent across a wire)
           or high-level exchanges between allocation
           programs (e.g., the way in which two programs
           transfer a file across the Internet).



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RFC 1177            FYI Q/A - for New Internet Users         August 1990


   PSC     Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center

   PSCNET  Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center Network


   RFC     The Internet's Request for Comments documents series
           The RFCs are working notes of the Internet research and
           development community.  A document in this series may be on
           essentially any topic related to computer communication, and
           may be anything from a meeting report to the specification of
           a standard.

   RIP     Routing Interchange Protocol
           One protocol which may be used on internets simply to pass
           routing information between gateways.   It is used on may
           LANs and on some of the NSFnet regional networks.

   RJE     Remote Job Entry
           The general protocol for submitting batch jobs and
           retrieving the results.

   RLOGIN  Remote Login
           A service on internets very similar to TELNET.   RLOGIN was
           invented for use between Berkeley Unix systems on the same
           LAN at a time when TELNET programs didn't provide all the
           services users wanted.   Berkeley plans to phase it out.

   RPC     Remote Procedure Call
           An easy and popular paradigm for implementing the
           client-server model of distributed computing.


   server  A computer that shares its resources, such as printers
           and files, with other computers on the network.  An
           example of this is a Network Files System (NFS)
           Server which shares its disk space with a workstations
           that does not have a disk drive of its own.

   SESQUINET
           Sesquicentennial Network
           Texas-based regional network named for their sesquicentennial
           celebration

   SMTP    Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
           The Internet standard protocol for transferring
           electronic mail messages from one computer to another.
           SMTP specifies how two mail systems interact and the
           format of control messages they exchange to transfer mail.



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RFC 1177            FYI Q/A - for New Internet Users         August 1990


   SNA     System Network Architecture
           IBM's data communications protocol.

   subnet  A portion of a network, which may be a physically independent
           network, which shares a network address with other portions
           of the network and is distinguished by a subnet number.  A
           subnet is to a network what a network is to an internet.

   subnet number
           A part of the internet address which designates a subnet.
           It is ignored for the purposes internet routing, but is
           used for intranet routing.

   SURANET Southeastern Universities Research Association Network
           An NSFNET regional network.


   T1      A term for a digital carrier facility used to transmit a
           DS-1 formatted digital signal at 1.544 megabits per second.

   T3      A term for a digital carrier facility used to transmit a DS-3
           formatted digital signal at 44.746 megabits per second.

   TCP     Transmission Control Protocol
           A transport layer protocol for the Internet.  It is a
           connection oriented, stream protocol defined by RFC 793.

   TCP/IP  Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
           This is a common shorthand which refers to the suite
           of application and transport protocols which run over IP.
           These include FTP, Telnet, SMTP, and UDP (a transport
           layer protocol).

   Telenet A public packet-switching network operated by US Sprint.

   Telnet  The Internet standard protocol for remote terminal
           connection service.  Telnet allows a user at one site
           to interact with a remote timesharing system at
           another site as if the user's terminal was connected
           directly to the remote computer.

   Token Ring
           A type of LAN.   Examples are IEEE 802.5, ProNET-10/80 and
           FDDI.  The term "token ring" is often used to denote 802.5

   Tymnet  A public packet-switching network operated by McDonnell
           Douglas Network Systems Company.




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RFC 1177            FYI Q/A - for New Internet Users         August 1990


   UDP     User Datagram Protocol
           A transport layer protocol for the Internet.  It is a
           datagram protocol which simply adds a level of reliability
           to IP datagrams.  It is defined by RFC 768.

   ULTRIX  UNIX-based operating system for Digital Equipment Corporation
           computers.

   UNIX    An operating system developed by Bell Laboratories that
           supports multiuser and multitasking operations.

   UUCP    UNIX-to-UNIX Copy Program
           A protocol used for communication between consenting
           UNIX systems.


   VMS     Virtual Memory System
           A Digital Equipment Corporation operating system.


   WAN     Wide Area Network

   WESTNET One of the National Science Foundation funded regional
           TCP/IP networks that covers the states of Arizona,
           Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming.

   WHOIS   An Internet program which allows users to query a database of
           people and other Internet entities, such as domains, networks,
           and hosts, kept at the NIC.  The information for people shows
           a person's company name, address, phone number and email
           address.


   XNS     Xerox Network System
           A data communications protocol developed by Xerox.  It
           uses Ethernet to move the data between computers.

   X.25    A data communications protocol developed to describe how
           data passes into and out of public data communications
           networks.  The public networks such as Telenet and Tymnet,
           use X.25 to interface to customer computers.

12. Security Considerations

   Security issues are not discussed in this memo.






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RFC 1177            FYI Q/A - for New Internet Users         August 1990


13. Authors' Addresses

   Gary Scott Malkin
   FTP Software, Inc.
   26 Princess Street
   Wakefield, MA 01880
   Phone:  [phone]
   EMail:  [e-mail]


   April N. Marine
   SRI International
   Network Information Systems Center
   333 Ravenswood Avenue, EJ294
   Menlo Park, CA 94025
   Phone:  [phone]
   EMail:  [e-mail]


   Joyce K. Reynolds
   USC/Information Sciences Institute
   4676 Admiralty Way
   Marina del Rey, CA  90292-6695
   Phone:  [phone]
   EMail:  [e-mail]


























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