rfc1617.txt

著名的RFC文档,其中有一些文档是已经翻译成中文的的.


RFC 1617      Naming and Structuring Guidelines for X.500       May 1994


4.2.1 Languages other than English

   Many countries have more than one national language and a world-wide
   Directory must be able to support non-English-speaking users.

   Until the standard provides a solution for this problem it is
   possible to make use of multi-valued attributes to specify a value
   not only in the local languages but also in English.

   In particular the friendlyCountryName, stateOrProvinceName and
   localityName attributes should use the most often used translations
   of its original value to increase the chance for successful searches
   also for users with a foreign language. Other attributes like
   description, organizationName and organizationalUnitName attributes
   should provide multi-lingual values where appropriate.

   The drawback of this solution is, that the user interfaces present
   much redundant information because they are not able to know the
   language of the values and make an automatic selection.

   Note:   The sequence of multi-valued attribute values in an entry
           cannot be defined. It is always up to the DSA to decide on
           which order to store them and return them as results, and
           to the DUA to decide on which order to display them.

4.2.2 Transliteration

   What measures can be taken to make sure all users are able to read an
   attribute, when a value uses one of the special characters from the
   T.61 character set? An interim solution is transliteration as used in
   earlier days with the typewriters, where e.g., the German 'a' with
   umlaut is written as 'ae'. Transliteration is not necessarily unique
   since it is dependent on the language, English speakers transliterate
   the 'a' with umlaut just to an 'a'. However, it is an improvement
   over just using the T.61 value since it may not be possible to
   display such a value at all. Whenever an attribute needs a character
   not in PrintableString and the attribute syntax allows the use of the
   T.61 character set, it is recommended that the attribute should be
   supplied as multi-valued attribute both in T.61 string and in a
   transliterated PrintableString notation.

4.3 Access control

   An entry's object class attribute, and any attribute(s) used for
   naming an entry are of special significance and may be considered to
   be "structural". Any inability to access these attributes will often
   militate against successful querying of the Directory. For example,
   user interfaces typically limit the scope of their searches by



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   searching for entries of a particular type, where the type of entry
   is indicated by its object class. Thus, unless the intention is to
   bar public access to an entry or set of entries, the object class and
   naming attributes should be publicly readable.

4.4 Selected Attributes

   The section lists attributes together with a short description what
   they should be used for and some examples. [6] The source of the
   attributes is given in brackets.

   Note that due to national legal restrictions on privacy issues it
   might be forbidden to use certain attributes or that the search on
   them is restricted. [7]

4.4.1 Personal Attributes

   commonName [X.520]

      It is proposed that pilots should ignore the standard's
      recommendations on storing personal titles, and letters indicating
      academic and professional qualifications within the commonName
      attribute, as this overloads the commonName attribute. A
      personalTitle attribute has already been specified in the COSINE
      and Internet Schema, and another attribute could be specified for
      information about qualifications.

      The choice of a name depends on the culture as discussed in
      section 3.4. When a commonName is selected as (part of) a RDN the
      most often used form of the name should be selected. A firstname
      should never be supplied only as an initial (unless, of course,
      the source data does not include forenames). It is very important
      to have its full value in order to be able to distinguish between
      two similar entries. Sets of initials should not be concatenated
      into a single "word", but be separated by spaces and/or "."
      characters.


         Format:    Firstname [Initials] Lastname

         Example:   Steve Kille

                    Stephen E. Kille

                    S.E. Kille






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      The use of 'Lastname Firstname' is deprecated as explained in
      section 3.4.

   favouriteDrink [RFC 1274]

      The intention of this attribute is that it provides at least one
      benign attribute which any user can create or modify, given a
      suitable user interface, without having the unfortunate impact on
      the directory service that follows from modifying an attribute
      such as an e-mail address or telephone number.

      Example: Pure Crystal Water

   organizationalStatus [RFC 1274]

      The Organisational Status attribute type specifies a category by
      which a person is often referred to in an organisation. Examples
      of usage in academia might include undergraduate student,
      researcher, lecturer, etc.

      A Directory administrator should consider carefully the
      distinctions between this and the title and description
      attributes.

      Example: undergraduate student

   personalTitle [RFC 1274]

      The usually used titles, especially academic ones. Excessive use
      should be avoided.

      Example: Prof. Dr.

   roomNumber [RFC 1274]

      The room where the person works, it will mostly be locally defined
      how to write the room number, e.g., Building Floor Room.

      Example: HLW B12

   secretary [RFC 1274]

      The secretary of the person. This is the Distinguished Name (DN)
      of the secretary.

      Example: CN=Beverly Pyke, O=ISODE Consortium, C=GB





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   surname [X.520]

      Like with commonName it is a matter of culture what to use for
      surname in case of a noble name, e.g., de Stefani, von Gunten.

      Example: Kille

   title [X.520]

      Title describing the position, job title or function of an
      organisational person.

      Example: Manager - International Sales

   userId [RFC 1274]

      When an organisation has centrally managed user ids, it might make
      sense to include it into the entry. It might also be used to form
      a unique RDN for the person.

      Example: skille

   userPassword [X.520]

      The password of the entry which allows the modification of the
      entry, provided that the access control permits it. The password
      should not be the same as any system password, unless it is sure
      that nobody can read it. With the current implementations this is
      mostly not guaranteed.

      Example: 8kiu8z7e

4.4.2 Organisational Attributes

   associatedDomain [RFC 1274]

      The Internet domain name for an organisation or one of its units.

      Example: isode.com

   businessCategory [X.520]

      Type of business an organisation, an organisational unit or
      organisational person is involved in. The values could be chosen
      from a thesaurus.

      Example: Software Development




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   organizationName [X.520]

      The name of the organisation. The value for the RDN should be
      chosen according to section 3.3. Additional names like
      abbreviations should be used for better search results.

      Example:    Uni Lausanne
                  Universite de Lausanne
                  Universit\c2e Lausanne (with a T.61 encoded umlaut)
                  University of Lausanne
                 unil

   organizationalUnitName [X.520]

      The name of a part of the organisation. The value for the RDN
      should be chosen according to section 3.3. Additional names like
      abbreviations should be provided for better search results.

      Example:    Institut fuer Angewandte Mathematik
                  Mathematik
                  iam

   roleOccupant [X.520]

      The person(s) in that role. This is the Distinguished Name of the
      entry of the person(s).

      Example: CN=Beverly Pyke, O=ISODE Consortium, C=GB

   searchGuide [X.520]

      The currently available DUAs make no use this attribute. It seems
      that it is not powerful enough for real usage. Experience is
      needed before being able to give recommendations on how to
      configure it.

4.4.3 Local Attributes

   localityName [X.520]

      Name of the place, village or town with values in local and other
      languages as useful.

      Example:    Bale
                  B\c3ale (with a T.61 encoded accented character) Basel
                  Basilea
                  Basle




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   stateOrProvinceName [X.520]

      Name of the canton, county, department, province or state with
      values in local and other languages as useful. If official and
      commonly used abbreviations exist for the states, they should be
      supplied as additional values

      Example:    Ticino
                  Tessin
                  TI

4.4.4 Miscellaneous Attributes

   audio [RFC 1274]

      The audio attribute uses a u-law encoded sound file as used by the
      "play" utility on a Sun 4. According to RFC 1274 it is an interim
      format. It may be useful to listen to the pronunciation of a name
      which is otherwise unknown.

   description [X.520]

      A short informal explanation of special interests of a person or
      organisation. Overlap with businessCategory, organizationalStatus
      and title should be avoided.

      Example: Networking, distributed systems, OSI, implementation.

   friendlyCountryName [RFC 1274]

      The friendlyCountryName attribute type specifies names of
      countries in human readable format. Especially the country name as
      used in the major languages should be included as additional
      values to help foreign users.

   jpegPhoto [RFC 1488] [8]

      A colour or grayscale picture encoded according to JPEG File
      Interchange Format (JFIF). Thanks to compression the size of the
      pictures is moderate. For persons it may show a portrait, for
      organisations the company logo or a map on how to get there.

   photo [RFC 1274]

      The photo attribute is a b/w G3 fax encoded picture of an object.
      The size of the photo should be in a sensible relation to the
      informational value of it. This attribute will be replaced by
      jpegPhoto.



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   seeAlso [X.520]

      Reference to another closely related entry in the DIT, e.g., from
      a room to the person using that room. It is the Distinguished Name
      of the entry.

      Example: CN=Beverly Pyke, O=ISODE Consortium, C=GB

4.4.5 MHS Attributes

   mhsORAddresses [X.411]

      The attribute uses internally an ASN.1 structure. The string
      notation used for display purposes is implementation dependent.
      This attribute is especially useful for an integrated X.400 user
      agent since it gets the address in a directly usable format.

   rfc822mailbox [RFC 1274]

      E-Mail address in RFC 822 notation

      Example: [e-mail]

   textEncodedORAddress [RFC 1274]

      X.400 e-mail address in string notation. The F.401 notation should
      be used. This attribute shall disappear once the majority of the
      DUAs support the mhsORAddresses attribute. The advantage of the
      latter attribute is, that a configurable DUA could adjust the
      syntax to the one needed by the local mailer, where
      textencodedORAddress is just a string which will mostly have a
      different syntax than the mailer expects.

      Example:    G=thomas; S=lenggenhager; OU1=gate; O=switch; \
                  P=switch; A=arcom; C=ch;

4.4.6 Postal Attributes

   postalAddress [X.520]

      The full postal address (but not including the name) in
      international notation, with up to 6 lines with 30 characters
      each.

      Example:    SWITCH
                  Limmatquai 13
                  CH-8001 Zurich




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