rfc1580.txt

著名的RFC文档,其中有一些文档是已经翻译成中文的的.

   The client interface differs slightly on different platforms.
   However, the queries are performed in the same way, whatever the
   interface.





EARN Staff                                                     [Page 23]

RFC 1580            Guide to Network Resource Tools           March 1994


   * Step 1: The user selects a set of databases to be searched from
     among the available databases.

   * Step 2: The user formulates a query by giving keywords to be
     searched for.

   * Step 3: When the query is run, WAIS asks for information from each
     selected database.

   * Step 4: Headlines of documents satisfying the query are displayed.
     The selected documents contain the requested words and phrases.
     Selected documents are ranked according to the number of matches.

   * Step 5: To retrieve a document, the user simply selects it from the
     resulting list.

   * Step 6: If the response is incomplete, the user can state the
     question differently or feed back to the system any one or more of
     the selected documents he finds relevant.

   * Step 7: When the search is run again, the results will be updated
     to include documents which are similar to the ones selected,
     meaning documents which share a large number of common words.

4.4.1. E-mail access:

   You can query WAIS databases and retrieve documents by sending
   commands in the body part of an e-mail message to
   [e-mail]. The Subject: line is ignored. The important
   commands are (a vertical bar (|) indicates a choice of parameters):

   help
      to get the help file

   maxres number
      to set the maximum number of results to be returned.

   search source-name | "source-name1 source-name2 ..." keywords

      where:

      source-name
         is a source name as found in the directory-of-servers (with or
         without the .src ending). Use double-quotes (") to group
         several sources to be searched.

      keywords
         are the words you would normally type into a query.



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RFC 1580            Guide to Network Resource Tools           March 1994


      You may specify several search requests in a mail message. If you
      don't know what sources you can search, just try anything. If the
      source name is not recognised, you'll get a list of sources.

   retrieve docid
      to retrieve a document from a database. docid is a DocID as
      returned by a search above. You may put more than one retrieval
      request in a mail message, but you must leave a blank line between
      requests. The docid must be written exactly as returned by a
      search request, including any spaces. You can retrieve non-text
      documents as well as text. If the document is of type TEXT or WSRC
      you will get the result directly. Other types will be UUENCODED.

      DocID: docid
      same as retrieve. This form is identical to the form which is
      returned by a search request. It makes it easy to use the reply
      mail function to retrieve results.

4.5. Examples

   When you log in to the demonstration site at quake.think.com, you
   have immediate access to the directory-of-servers database via the
   swais client software. To find recipes using papaya, you would select
   the recipes database and give papaya as the keyword. Here are the
   results of the search:

   -----------------------------------------------------------------

     #  Score Source                  Title                    Lines
   001: 1000 (recipes) arielle@ta Re: Dawn's Muffins, Pt III     339
   002: 1000 (recipes) arielle@ta Re: Muffins 3                  632
   003: 1000 (recipes) arielle@ta Re: Pineapple                  678
   004:  750 (recipes) arielle@ta Re: Pork and Papaya Salad       33
   005:  750 (recipes) arielle@ta Re: Bread                      681
   006:  500 (recipes) roder@cco. Re: NONFAT BAKERY COLLECTION   423
   007:  500 (recipes) shiva@hoss Re: Juice Recipes               65
   008:  250 (recipes) arielle@ta Re: Prawn Salad                 49
   009:  250 (recipes) arielle@ta Re: COLLECTION: Lots of Avoca  447
   010:  250 (recipes) mecca@acsu Re: REQUEST: blender-made fru   29
   011:  250 (recipes) Ann.Adamci Re: Re: REQUEST: blender-made   38
   012:  250 (recipes) patth@Pani Re: Re: REQUEST: blender-made   49
   013:  250 (recipes) arielle@ta Re: Avocados                   459
   014:  250 (recipes) red_trek@d Re: VEGAN: red beans and rice   78

   -----------------------------------------------------------------

   You can then select any of the above documents for viewing, for
   example, the Pork and Papaya Salad recipe:



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RFC 1580            Guide to Network Resource Tools           March 1994


   -----------------------------------------------------------------

   Newsgroups: rec.food.recipes
   From: [e-mail] (Stephanie da Silva)
   Subject: Pork and Papaya Salad
   Message-ID: <[e-mail]>
   Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1993 06:51:47 GMT
   Lines: 23

   1/4 cup dried currants
   1/2 cup balsamic vinegar
   1/4 cup walnut oil
   1/4 cup chicken broth
   1 tablespoon honey
   1/4 teaspoon ground cinnamon
   1 pound cooked boneless pork loin roast
   1 head Belgian endive
   Bibb lettuce leaves
   2 papayas, seeded, peeled and sliced lengthwise
   2 avocados, seeded, peeled and sliced lengthwise
   1/4 cup broken walnut pieces

   In a small bowl pour enough boiling water over currants to cover.
   Let stand 5 minutes; drain. For dressing, in a screw-top jar
   combine vinegar, oil, chicken broth, honey, and cinnamon. Cover;
   shake well. Trim fat from pork; slice thinly. Separate leaves of
   Belgian endive. Line 6 salad plates with lettuce leaves. Arrange
   pork, endive, papaya, and avocado on plates. Sprinkle with
   currants and walnuts. Drizzle dressing over salads.

   Stephanie da Silva                            [e-mail]

   -----------------------------------------------------------------

   If you give more than one keyword, then all documents containing any
   of the keywords will be listed.

4.6. Learning more about WAIS

   A bibliography of documents, services and sources for WAIS is
   maintained by Barbara Lincoln Brooks of WAIS Inc. The bibliography is
   available from ftp.wais.com in the directory /pub/wais-inc-doc along
   with many other WAIS documents.

   There are currently four main FTP sites for WAIS documentation and
   software:





EARN Staff                                                     [Page 26]

RFC 1580            Guide to Network Resource Tools           March 1994


      * ftp.cnidr.org
      * ftp.wais.com
      * quake.think.com
      * sunsite.unc.edu

   For information on free WAIS software contact [e-mail]

   Mailing list: [e-mail]
   To subscribe send a mail to [e-mail]

   Usenet newsgroup: comp.infosystems.wais

   WAIS was developed at Thinking Machines Corporation.

5. ARCHIE

5.1. What is ARCHIE

   Archie is an information system. It offers an electronic directory
   service for locating information in the international TCP/IP network
   (the Internet).

   The best known use of archie is for scanning a database of the
   contents of more than 1000 anonymous FTP sites around the world.
   Currently, this database contains more than 2,100,000 file names from
   anonymous FTP sites. This database is known as the archie database.

   The files made available at anonymous FTP sites are software packages
   for various systems (Windows, MS-DOS, Macintosh, Unix, etc.),
   utilities, information or documentation files, mailing list or Usenet
   group discussion archives. At most FTP sites, the resources are
   organized hierarchically in directories and subdirectories. The
   database tracks both the directory path and the file names.

   The archie database is automatically updated, thereby ensuring that
   the information is accurate. Using this database, users can easily
   find the the location of files they need without logging onto several
   machines.

5.2. Who can use ARCHIE

   Users on any network can access the archie database by electronic
   mail.  Other means of access are available to users on the Internet
   (see the section Using ARCHIE below for details).

   You are requested to respect a few basic rules when you request
   information from an archie server:




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RFC 1580            Guide to Network Resource Tools           March 1994


      * avoid connecting during working hours; most of the archie
      servers are
        not dedicated machines, they have local functions as well.

      * make your queries as specific as possible; the response will be
        quicker and shorter.

      * user interfaces installed on your computer contribute to reduce
      the
        load on the server sites, please use them.

      * use the archie server closest to you and, in particularly, don't
        overload the transatlantic lines.

5.3. How to get to ARCHIE

   The archie database is maintained in the following locations:

   +---------------------------------------------------------------+
   |                                                               |
   |  Host                               Country                   |
   |                                                               |
   +---------------------------------------------------------------+
   |  archie.au                          Australia                 |
   |  archie.edvz.uni-linz.ac.at         Austria                   |
   |  archie.univie.ac.at                Austria                   |
   |  archie.uqam.ca                     Canada                    |
   |  archie.funet.fi                    Finland                   |
   |  archie.th-darmstadt.de             Germany                   |
   |  archie.doc.ic.ac.uk                Great-Britain             |
   |  archie.ac.il                       Israel                    |
   |  archie.unipi.it                    Italy                     |
   |  archie.wide.ad.jp                  Japan                     |
   |  archie.kyoto-u.ac.jp               Japan                     |
   |  archie.hana.nm.kr                  Korea                     |
   |  archie.sogang.ac.kr                Korea                     |
   |  archie.nz                          New Zealand               |
   |  archie.rediris.es                  Spain                     |
   |  archie.luth.se                     Sweden                    |
   |  archie.switch.ch                   Switzerland               |
   |  archie.ncu.edu.tw                  Taiwan                    |
   |  archie.ans.net                     USA                       |
   |  archie.internic.net                USA                       |
   |  archie.rutgers.edu                 USA                       |
   |  archie.sura.net                    USA                       |
   |  archie.unl.edu                     USA                       |
   |                                                               |
   +---------------------------------------------------------------+



EARN Staff                                                     [Page 28]

RFC 1580            Guide to Network Resource Tools           March 1994


   There are three ways to access the archie database: via a local
   client, interactive Telnet session or electronic mail. Each type of
   access is described below in the Using ARCHIE section.

5.4. Using ARCHIE

   The format of the parameters is given at the end of this section.
   Angle brackets (<>) indicate an optional parameter; a vertical bar
   (|) indicates a choice of parameters.

   Note: A new version of the archie server (3.0) is now available. Some
   of the commands for interactive access and the e-mail interface are
   slightly different from previous versions of the server (2.11 and
   before). Command formats marked with a (+) are valid in version 3.0
   only, those marked with a (*) are acceptable only in previous
   versions.  To find out which version is installed at the server you
   wish to use, issue the version command.

   5.4.1. Using a local client:

      Usage of these clients is encouraged since they provide quick and
      easy non-interactive access to the archie servers, and thus,
      better performance of the servers and better response time for the
      user.