rfc1353.txt

著名的RFC文档,其中有一些文档是已经翻译成中文的的.

Network Working Group                                     K. McCloghrie
Request for Comments: 1353                     Hughes LAN Systems, Inc.
                                                               J. Davin
                                    MIT Laboratory for Computer Science
                                                              J. Galvin
                                      Trusted Information Systems, Inc.
                                                              July 1992


                     Definitions of Managed Objects
                   for Administration of SNMP Parties

Status of this Memo

   This document specifies an IAB standards track protocol for the
   Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
   improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "IAB
   Official Protocol Standards" for the standardization state and status
   of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.

Abstract

   This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB)
   for use with network management protocols in TCP/IP-based internets.
   In particular, it describes a representation of the SNMP parties
   defined in [8] as objects defined according to the Internet Standard
   SMI [1]. These definitions are consistent with the SNMP Security
   protocols set forth in [9].

Table of Contents

   1. The Network Management Framework ...........................    2
   2. Objects ....................................................    2
   2.1 Format of Definitions .....................................    3
   3. Overview ...................................................    3
   3.1 Structure .................................................    3
   3.2 Instance Identifiers ......................................    3
   3.3 Textual Conventions .......................................    4
   4. Definitions ................................................    4
   4.1 The SNMP Party Public Database Group ......................    9
   4.2 The SNMP Party Secrets Database Group .....................   15
   4.3 The SNMP Access Privileges Database Group .................   18
   4.4 The MIB View Database Group ...............................   21
   5. Acknowledgments ............................................   25
   6. References .................................................   25
   7. Security Considerations.....................................   26
   8. Authors' Addresses..........................................   26




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RFC 1353                     SNMP Party MIB                    July 1992


1.  The Network Management Framework

   the Internet-standard Network Management Framework consists of three
   components.  They are:

      RFC 1155 which defines the SMI, the mechanisms used for describing
      and naming objects for the purpose of management.  RFC 1212
      defines a more concise description mechanism, which is wholly
      consistent with the SMI.

      RFC 1156 which defines MIB-I, the core set of managed objects for
      the Internet suite of protocols.  RFC 1213, defines MIB-II, an
      evolution of MIB-I based on implementation experience and new
      operational requirements.

      RFC 1157 which defines the SNMP, the protocol used for network
      access to managed objects.

   The Framework permits new objects to be defined for the purpose of
   experimentation and evaluation.

2.  Objects

   Managed objects are accessed via a virtual information store, termed
   the Management Information Base or MIB.  Objects in the MIB are
   defined using the subset of Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) [5]
   defined in the SMI.  In particular, each object has a name, a syntax,
   and an encoding.  The name is an object identifier, an
   administratively assigned name, which specifies an object type.  The
   object type together with an object instance serves to uniquely
   identify a specific instantiation of the object.  For human
   convenience, we often use a textual string, termed the OBJECT
   DESCRIPTOR, to also refer to the object type.

   The syntax of an object type defines the abstract data structure
   corresponding to that object type.  The ASN.1 language is used for
   this purpose.  However, the SMI [1] purposely restricts the ASN.1
   constructs which may be used.  These restrictions are explicitly made
   for simplicity.

   The encoding of an object type is simply how that object type is
   represented using the object type's syntax.  Implicitly tied to the
   notion of an object type's syntax and encoding is how the object type
   is represented when being transmitted on the network.

   The SMI specifies the use of the basic encoding rules of ASN.1 [6],
   subject to the additional requirements imposed by the SNMP.




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RFC 1353                     SNMP Party MIB                    July 1992


2.1.  Format of Definitions

   Section 4 contains the specification of all object types contained in
   this MIB module.  The object types are defined using the conventions
   defined in the SMI, as amended by the extensions specified in [7].

3.  Overview

3.1.  Structure

   This MIB contains the definitions for four tables, a number of OBJECT
   IDENTIFIER assignments, and some conventions for initial use with
   some of the assignments.  The four tables are the SNMP Party Public
   database, the SNMP Party Secrets database, the SNMP Access Control
   database, and the SNMP Views database.

   The SNMP Party Public database and the SNMP Party Secrets database
   are defined as separate tables specifically for the purpose of
   positioning them in different parts of the MIB tree namespace.  In
   particular, the SNMP Party Secrets database contains secret
   information, for which security demands that access to it be limited
   to parties which use both authentication and privacy.  It is
   therefore positioned in a separate branch of the MIB tree so as to
   provide for the easiest means of accommodating the required
   limitation.

   In contrast, the SNMP Party Public database contains public
   information about SNMP parties.  In particular, it contains the
   parties' clocks which need to be read-able (but not write-able) by
   unauthenticated queries, since an unauthenticated query of a party's
   clock is the first step of the procedure to re-establish clock
   synchronization (see [9]).

   The objects in this MIB are organized into four groups.  All four of
   the groups are mandatory for those SNMP implementations that realize
   the security framework and mechanisms defined in [8] and [9].

3.2.  Instance Identifiers

   In all four of the tables in this MIB, the object instances are
   identified by values which have an underlying syntax of OBJECT
   IDENTIFIER.  For the Party Public database and the Party Secrets
   database, the index variable is the party identifier.  For the Access
   Control database and the Views database, two index variables are
   defined, both of which have a syntax of OBJECT IDENTIFIER.  (See the
   INDEX clauses in the MIB definitions below for the specific
   variables.)




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RFC 1353                     SNMP Party MIB                    July 1992


   According to RFC 1212 [7], section 4.1.6, the syntax of the object(s)
   specified in an INDEX clause indicates how to form the instance-
   identifier.  In particular, for each index object which is object
   identifier-valued, its contribution to the instance identifier is:

      `n+1' sub-identifiers, where `n' is the number of sub-identifiers
      in the value (the first sub-identifier is `n' itself, following
      this, each sub-identifier in the value is copied).

3.3.  Textual Conventions

   The datatypes, Party, Clock, and TAddress, are used as textual
   conventions in this document.  These textual conventions have NO
   effect on either the syntax nor the semantics of any managed object.
   Objects defined using these conventions are always encoded by means
   of the rules that define their primitive type.  Hence, no changes to
   the SMI or the SNMP are necessary to accommodate these textual
   conventions which are adopted merely for the convenience of readers.

4.  Definitions

          RFC1353-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN

          IMPORTS
                  system, mib, private, internet    FROM RFC1155-SMI
                  OBJECT-TYPE                       FROM RFC-1212;

          snmpParties     OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { mib-2 20 }
          partyAdmin      OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { snmpParties 1 }
          partyPublic     OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { snmpParties 2 }

          snmpSecrets     OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { mib-2 21 }
          partyPrivate    OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { snmpSecrets 1 }
          partyAccess     OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { snmpSecrets 2 }
          partyViews      OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { snmpSecrets 3 }


          --                  Textual Conventions

          --    A textual convention denoting a SNMP party identifier:

          Party ::= OBJECT IDENTIFIER


          --    A party's authentication clock - a non-negative integer
          -- which is incremented as specified/allowed by the party's
          -- Authentication Protocol.
          --    For noAuth, a party's authentication clock is unused and



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RFC 1353                     SNMP Party MIB                    July 1992


          -- its value is undefined.
          --    For md5AuthProtocol, a party's authentication clock is a
          -- relative clock with 1-second granularity.

          Clock ::= INTEGER (0..2147483647)


          --    A textual convention denoting a transport service
          -- address.
          --    For rfc1351Domain, a TAddress is 6 octets long,
          -- the initial 4 octets containing the IP-address in
          -- network-byte order and the last 2 containing the
          -- UDP port in network-byte order.

          TAddress ::= OCTET STRING


          --- Definitions of Security Protocols

          partyProtocols
              OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { partyAdmin 1 }

          noAuth                  -- The protocol without authentication
              OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { partyProtocols 1 }

          noPriv                  -- The protocol without privacy
              OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { partyProtocols 3 }

          desPrivProtocol         -- The DES Privacy Protocol
              OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { partyProtocols 4 }

          md5AuthProtocol         -- The MD5 Authentication Protocol
              OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { partyProtocols 5 }


          --- definitions of Transport Domains

          transportDomains
              OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { partyAdmin 2 }

          rfc1351Domain --- RFC-1351 (SNMP over UDP, using SNMP Parties)
              OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { transportDomains 1 }









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RFC 1353                     SNMP Party MIB                    July 1992


          --- definitions of Proxy Domains

          proxyDomains
              OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { partyAdmin 3 }

          noProxy                --- Local operation
              OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { proxyDomains 1 }


          ---    Definition of Initial Party Identifiers

          --  When devices are installed, they need to be configured
          --  with an initial set of SNMP parties.  The configuration
          --  of SNMP parties requires (among other things) the
          --  assignment of several OBJECT IDENTIFIERs.  Any local
          --  network administration can obtain the delegated
          --  authority necessary to assign its own OBJECT
          --  IDENTIFIERs.  However, to provide for those
          --  administrations who have not obtained the necessary
          --  authority, this document allocates a branch of the
          --  naming tree for use with the following conventions.

          initialPartyId
              OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { partyAdmin 4 }

          --  Note these are identified as "initial" party identifiers
          --  since these allow secure SNMP communication to proceed,
          --  thereby allowing further SNMP parties to be configured
          --  through use of the SNMP itself.

          --  The following definitions identify a party identifier,
          --  and specify the initial values of various object
          --  instances indexed by that identifier.  In addition,
          --  the initial MIB view and access control parameters
          --  assigned, by convention, to these parties are identified.

          --    Party Identifiers for use as initial SNMP parties
          --       at IP address  a.b.c.d

          -- partyIdentity            = { initialPartyId a b c d 1 }
          -- partyTDomain             = { rfc1351Domain }
          -- partyTAddress            = a.b.c.d, 161
          -- partyProxyFor            = { noProxy }
          -- partyAuthProtocol        = { noAuth }
          -- partyAuthClock           = 0
          -- partySecretsAuthPrivate  = ''h    (the empty string)
          -- partyAuthPublic          = ''h    (the empty string)
          -- partyAuthLifetime        = 0



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RFC 1353                     SNMP Party MIB                    July 1992


          -- partyPrivProtocol        = { noPriv }
          -- partySecretsPrivPrivate  = ''h    (the empty string)
          -- partyPrivPublic          = ''h    (the empty string)

          -- partyIdentity            = { initialPartyId a b c d 2 }
          -- partyTDomain             = { rfc1351Domain }
          -- partyTAddress            = assigned by local administration
          -- partyProxyFor            = { noProxy }
          -- partyAuthProtocol        = { noAuth }
          -- partyAuthClock           = 0
          -- partySecretsAuthPrivate  = ''h    (the empty string)
          -- partyAuthPublic          = ''h    (the empty string)
          -- partyAuthLifetime        = 0
          -- partyPrivProtocol        = { noPriv }
          -- partySecretsPrivPrivate  = ''h    (the empty string)
          -- partyPrivPublic          = ''h    (the empty string)

          -- partyIdentity            = { initialPartyId a b c d 3 }
          -- partyTDomain             = { rfc1351Domain }
          -- partyTAddress            = a.b.c.d, 161
          -- partyProxyFor            = { noProxy }
          -- partyAuthProtocol        = { md5AuthProtocol }
          -- partyAuthClock           = 0