rfc1174.txt

著名的RFC文档,其中有一些文档是已经翻译成中文的的.

Network Working Group                                            V. Cerf
Request for Comments:  1174                                         CNRI
                                                             August 1990

 IAB Recommended Policy on Distributing Internet Identifier Assignment
                                  and
      IAB Recommended Policy Change to Internet "Connected" Status


Status of this Memo

   This informational RFC represents the official view of the Internet
   Activities Board (IAB), and describes the recommended policies and
   procedures on distributing Internet identifier assignments and
   dropping the connected status requirement.  This RFC does not specify
   a standard.  Distribution of this memo is unlimited.

Table of Contents

   Status of this Memo...............................................  1
   Overview..........................................................  1
   1.  Recommendation about Internet Identifiers.....................  2
   1.1.  Summary.....................................................  2
   1.2.  Introduction................................................  2
   1.3.  Proposed Method of Operation................................  2
   2.  Recommendation about Connected Status.........................  3
   2.1.  Summary.....................................................  3
   2.2.  Introduction................................................  3
   2.3.  Recommendations.............................................  4
   2.a.1.  Attachment 1..............................................  4
   2.a.1.1.  Summary.................................................  4
   2.a.1.2.  Background..............................................  4
   2.a.1.3.  Recommendation..........................................  6
   2.a.1.4.  Discussion..............................................  7
   2.a.2.  Attachment 2..............................................  8
   Security Considerations...........................................  8
   Author's Address..................................................  9

Overview

   This RFC includes two recommendations from the IAB to the FNC.  The
   first is a "Recommended Policy on Distributing Internet Identifier
   Assignment", that is, a suggestion to distribute the function of
   assigning network and autonomous system numbers.  The second is a
   "Recommended Policy Change to Internet 'Connected' Status", that is,
   a suggestion to drop the notion of connected status in favor of
   recording the acceptable use policy and traffic access policy for
   each network.  Included in this second recommendation is the explict



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RFC 1174       Identifier Assignment and Connected Status    August 1990


   suggestion that any registered network may be entered into the DNS
   database without regard to connected status.

1.  Recommendation about Internet Identifiers

   To: Chairman, Federal Networking Council
   From: Chairman, Internet Activities Board
   CC: IAB, IESG
   Subject: Recommended Policy on Distributing Internet
            Identifier Assignment

1.1.  Summary

   This document recommends procedures for distributing assignment of
   Internet identifiers (network and autonomous system numbers).

1.2.  Introduction

   Throughout its entire history, the Internet system has employed a
   central Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) for the allocation
   and assignment of various numeric identifiers needed for the
   operation of the Internet.  The IANA function is performed by USC
   Information Sciences Institute.  The IANA has the discretionary
   authority to delegate portions of this responsibility and, with
   respect to numeric network and autonomous system identifiers, has
   lodged this responsibility with an Internet Registry (IR).  This
   function is performed by SRI International at its Network Information
   Center (DDN-NIC).

   With the rapid escalation of the number of networks in the Internet
   and its concurrent internationalization, it is timely to consider
   further delegation of assignment and registration authority on an
   international basis.  It is also essential to take into consideration
   that such identifiers, particularly network identifiers of class A
   and B type, will become an increasingly scarce commodity whose
   allocation must be handled with thoughtful care.

1.3.  Proposed Method of Operation

   It is proposed to retain the centralized IANA and IR functions.

   The IR would continue to be the principal registry for all network
   and autonomous system numbers.  It would also continue to maintain
   the list of root Domain Name System servers and a database of
   registered nets and autonomous systems.

   In addition, however, the IR would also allocate to organizations
   approved by the Coordinating Committee for Intercontinental Research



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RFC 1174       Identifier Assignment and Connected Status    August 1990


   Networking (CCIRN) blocks of network and autonomous system numbers,
   as needed, and delegate to them further assignment authority.

   It is recommended that, at least initially, the IR serve as the
   default registry in cases where no delegated registration authority
   has been identified.

   Copies of the aggregate Internet registration database(s) should be
   maintained by the IR and copies provided to each delegated registry
   to improve redundancy and access to this information.  Updates to the
   database, however, would still be centralized at the IR with complete
   copies redistributed by file transfer or other means on a timely
   basis.

   It is recommended that candidate delegated registries meet with the
   IANA and IR to review operational procedures and requirements and to
   produce documentation to be issued as RFCs describing the details of
   the proposed distributed mode of operation.

   It is recommended that host Domain Name registration continue in its
   present form which already accommodates distribution of this
   function.

2.  Recommendation about Connected Status

   To: Chairman, Federal Networking Council (FNC)
   From: Chairman, Internet Activities Board
   CC: IAB, IESG
   Subject: Recommended Policy Change to Internet "Connected" Status

2.1.  Summary

   This memorandum recommends a change in the current policy for
   associating "connected" status to a subset of networks which have
   been assigned an Internet identifier.

2.2.  Introduction

   In the following, the term Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA)
   refers to the organization which has primary authority to allocate
   and assign numeric identifiers required for operation of the
   Internet.  This function is presently performed by USC Information
   Sciences Institute.  The term Internet Registry (IR) refers to the
   organization which has the responsibility for gathering and
   registering information about networks to which identifiers (network
   numbers, autonomous system numbers) have been assigned by the IR.  At
   present, SRI International serves as the IR.




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RFC 1174       Identifier Assignment and Connected Status    August 1990


   Attachments (1) and (2) outline the rationale for and implications of
   changing the current policy for associating "connected" status with
   only a subset of networks which have been assigned Internet
   identifiers.

2.3.  Recommendations

   The following actions are recommended:

      1. The Internet Registry should be instructed to drop all
      reference to "connected" status in its databases and in its forms
      for Internet network and autonomous system registration.

      2. The Internet Registry should be instructed to request brief
      statements of acceptable network usage, access and transit policy
      for external traffic (i.e., traffic entering from or exiting to
      other networks) from each applicant for a network or autonomous
      system identifier.  For example, some networks conform to the
      National Science Foundation acceptable use guidelines; other
      networks will carry any traffic (e.g., common carriers); others
      may prohibit transit use.  Retrospective statements should be
      gathered by the IR for networks already registered.  Such
      statements should be made available on-line and widely publicized.

      3. The Internet Registry should be instructed to allow any
      registered networks to be entered into the Domain Name Server
      database without regard to "connected" status.

   Attachment: (1) Recommendation for replacement of "Connected" Status
               (2) Recommendation on DNS and Connectivity

2.a.1.  Attachment 1

Recommendation for Replacement of "Connected" Status

2.a.1.1.  Summary

   A revision of the current Internet procedures controlling connection
   to the Internet is recommended to solve urgent problems caused by
   Internet growth both in the US and internationally.  The
   recommendation involves relaxation of the present "connected" status
   rule and the creation of a policy database to guide network
   administrators.

2.a.1.2.  Background

   With the demise of the ARPANET and the growth of a global Internet,
   the administration and registration of Internet network numbers has



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   outgrown its initially conceived client base: military, government
   and government-sponsored research organizations.  Since the
   international growth has extended the Internet community to industry
   and a broad range of academic and research institutions, we must re-
   evaluate some of the criteria for assignment and use of Internet
   network numbers.

   In the early phases of the Internet research project, numbers were
   assigned only to networks of organizations that were participating in
   the research effort.  Later, as the system became more stable and
   expanded into a widespread infrastructure, other organizations with
   networks were assigned network numbers and allowed to interconnect if
   they were parts of the U.S. Government or sponsored by a Government
   organization.  To ensure global uniqueness, a single Internet
   Registry (IR) was designated: the Defense Data Net Network
   Information Center (DDN-NIC) at SRI International.

   As the Internet protocols became popular in the commercial
   marketplace, many organizations purchased and installed private
   networks that needed network number assignments but were not intended
   to be connected to the federally-sponsored system.  The IR adopted a
   policy of assigning network numbers to all who requested them, while
   distinguishing networks permitted to link to the global Internet by
   assigning them "connected" status.  Essentially, this meant that the