rfc2564.txt

著名的RFC文档,其中有一些文档是已经翻译成中文的的.

Network Working Group                                     C. Kalbfleisch
Request for Comments: 2564                                   Verio, Inc.
Category: Standards Track                                    C. Krupczak
                                               Empire Technologies, Inc.
                                                              R. Presuhn
                                                      BMC Software, Inc.
                                                              J. Saperia
                                                     IronBridge Networks
                                                                May 1999

                       Application Management MIB

Status of this Memo

   This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
   Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
   improvements.  Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
   Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
   and status of this protocol.  Distribution of this memo is unlimited.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1999).  All Rights Reserved.

Abstract

   This memo defines a standards track portion of the Management
   Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in
   the Internet Community.  In particular, it defines objects used for
   the management of applications.  This MIB complements the System
   Application MIB, providing for the management of applications' common
   attributes which could not typically be observed without the
   cooperation of the software being managed.

Table of Contents

   1. Introduction and Overview ...................................    2
   2. The SNMP Management Framework ...............................    4
   3. Architecture ................................................    5
   3.1. Relationships to other MIBs ...............................    5
   3.1.1. Relationship to the System Application MIB ..............    5
   3.1.2. Relationship to the Host Resources MIB ..................    6
   3.1.3. Relationship to NSM .....................................    6
   4. MIB Structure ...............................................    6
   4.1. The service-level tables ..................................    8
   4.1.1. The service name to service instance table ..............    8
   4.1.2. The service instance to service name table ..............    9
   4.1.3. The service instance to running application element table    9
   4.1.4. The running application element to service instance table    9


Kalbfleisch, et al.         Standards Track                     [Page 1]

RFC 2564               Application Management MIB               May 1999

   4.2. The I/O channel group .....................................    9
   4.2.1. The open channels table .................................   10
   4.2.2. The open files table ....................................   10
   4.2.3. The open connections table ..............................   11
   4.2.4. The transaction stream summary table ....................   12
   4.2.5. The transaction flow statistics table ...................   13
   4.2.6. The transaction kind statistics table ...................   13
   4.3. The former channel group ..................................   13
   4.3.1. The former channel control table ........................   14
   4.3.2. The former channel table ................................   14
   4.3.3. The former connection table .............................   14
   4.3.4. The former file table ...................................   14
   4.3.5. The transaction history tables ..........................   14
   4.4. The running element status and control group ..............   15
   4.4.1. The running application element status table ............   15
   4.4.2. The running application element control table ...........   15
   5. Definitions .................................................   16
   6. Implementation Issues .......................................   80
   7. Intellectual Property .......................................   80
   8. Acknowledgements ............................................   81
   9. Security Considerations .....................................   81
   10. References .................................................   82
   11. Authors' Addresses .........................................   84
   12. Full Copyright Statement ...................................   86


1.  Introduction and Overview

   This document furthers the work begun in the systems application MIB
   [31].

   The development of the "Host Resources MIB" [10], "Network Services
   Monitoring MIB" [23], "Mail Monitoring MIB" [24], "Relational
   Database Management System (RDBMS) Management Information Base (MIB)
   using SMIv2" [12], "Entity MIB using SMIv2" [20], and "Applicability
   of Standards Track MIBs to Management of World Wide Web Servers" [21]
   provides us with a base of experience in making a variety of
   applications visible to management; this specification abstracts out
   the common aspects of applications management and provides a generic
   base usable for the management of almost any application.

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED",  "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [22].

   Due to the design decision to not require application
   instrumentation, many important topics were not handled in system
   application MIB [31].  The following topics are within the scope of
   this document:



Kalbfleisch, et al.         Standards Track                     [Page 2]

RFC 2564               Application Management MIB               May 1999


     -      Support for generic application throughput measurements;

     -      Providing MIB definitions that allow managed entities to
            report what they considered to be units of work;

     -      Providing support for generic application response time
            monitoring capabilities; (Note that APIs for this purpose
            have already been developed, an example of such an API is to
            be found in the "Application Response Measurement (ARM) API
            Guide, Version 2" [1].)

     -      Provide explicit support for the management of applications
            distributed within a single managed system ("local"
            distribution);

     -      Address generic resource management issues, including:

            -      files in use;

            -      I/O statistics (from the application's perspective,
                   not at the operating system or device driver level);

            -      application-layer networking resource usage

     -      Facilities for the control of applications, including:

            -      Stopping application elements

            -      Suspending and resuming application elements;

            -      Requesting reconfiguration (e.g., SIGHUP).

   Note that these issues are addressed at least in part by other (non-
   IETF) standards work, including "ITU-T Recommendation X.744 | ISO/IEC
   IS 10164-18:1996" [3] and "IEEE P1387.2, POSIX System Administration
   - Part 2: Software Administration" [2].















Kalbfleisch, et al.         Standards Track                     [Page 3]

RFC 2564               Application Management MIB               May 1999


2.  The SNMP Management Framework

   The SNMP Management Framework presently consists of five major
   components:

     An overall architecture, described in RFC 2571 [26].

     Mechanisms for describing and naming objects and events for the
     purpose of management.  The first version of this Structure of
     Management Information (SMI) is called SMIv1 and described in STD
     16, RFC 1155 [4], STD 16, RFC 1212 [6] and RFC 1215 [7].  The
     second version, called SMIv2, is described in STD 58, RFC 2578
     [15], RFC 2579 [16] and RFC 2580 [17].

     Message protocols for transferring management information.  The
     first version of the SNMP message protocol is called SNMPv1 and
     described in STD 15, RFC 1157 [5].  A second version of the SNMP
     message protocol, which is not an Internet standards track
     protocol, is called SNMPv2c and described in RFC 1901 [14] and RFC
     1906 [19].  The third version of the message protocol is called
     SNMPv3 and described in RFC 1906 [19], RFC 2572 [27] and RFC 2574
     [29].

     Protocol operations for accessing management information.  The
     first set of protocol operations and associated PDU formats is
     described in STD 15, RFC 1157 [5].  A second set of protocol
     operations and associated PDU formats is described in RFC 1905
     [18].

     A set of fundamental applications described in RFC 2573 [28] and
     the view-based access control mechanism described in RFC 2575 [30].

   Managed objects are accessed via a virtual information store, termed
   the Management Information Base or MIB.  Objects in the MIB are
   defined using the mechanisms defined in the SMI.

   This memo specifies a MIB module that is compliant to the SMIv2.  A
   MIB conforming to the SMIv1 can be produced through the appropriate
   translations.  The resulting translated MIB must be semantically
   equivalent, except where objects or events are omitted because no
   translation is possible (use of Counter64).  Some machine readable
   information in SMIv2 will be converted into textual descriptions in
   SMIv1 during the translation process.  However, this loss of machine
   readable information is not considered to change the semantics of the
   MIB.






Kalbfleisch, et al.         Standards Track                     [Page 4]

RFC 2564               Application Management MIB               May 1999


3.  Architecture

   Object-oriented modeling techniques like subclassing and multiple
   inheritance can be emulated in the SNMP information model through the
   use of tables with common indexes.

   The challenge for the developer of management applications is to
   recognize those situations in which various aspects of a single
   logical resource are represented in several different tables,
   possibly defined in different MIBs.

   Most of the management information defined here may pertain to any
   number of applications in a managed system.  The simplest way of
   supporting this requirement within the SNMP information model is to
   use tables.  This means that the management information for a
   particular resource may be found in one or more rows of one or more
   tables; the fact that this information pertains to a single resource
   may be inferred from the index values used, possibly with the support
   of mapping tables.  This also means that a single table may contain
   management information relevant to a number of applications.  This
   has significant implementation implications; see the implementation
   issues section below for more information.

3.1.  Relationships to other MIBs

   This section outlines the relationships of the components of this MIB
   (usually in the form of common indexing structures) to:

     -      the systems applications MIB [31]

     -      the host resources MIB [10]

     -      the network services monitoring MIB [23]

3.1.1.  Relationship to the System Application MIB

   The system application MIB defines attributes for management of
   applications which can be realized without instrumenting the
   application itself.  This specification extends that framework to
   include additional attributes which will typically require
   instrumentation within the managed resource.  The sysApplRunElmtIndex
   is the key connection between these two MIBs; it is essential that
   implementations of this MIB and of the system applications MIB
   running concurrently on a given platform employ a consistent policy
   for assigning this value to identify running application elements.






Kalbfleisch, et al.         Standards Track                     [Page 5]

RFC 2564               Application Management MIB               May 1999


3.1.2.  Relationship to the Host Resources MIB

   The Host Resources MIB [10] supplies information on the hardware,
   operating system, installed and running software on a host.

   The Host Resources MIB has three hardware groups ("hrSystem",
   "hrStorage" and "hrDevice") and three software groups ("hrSWRun",
   "hrSWRunPerf" and "hrSWInstalled").  Of these, the software groups
   are of greatest significance to this MIB.

   The software groups define management information on the software
   used in the system. The information provided is grouped into (1) the
   currently running, (2) the performance and (3) the installed
   applications.

   The index "hrSWRunIndex" used in the "hrSWRunTable" and other tables
   to identify running software by process identifier (or equivalent)
   relates information in the Host Resources MIB to information in the
   System Applications MIB and this MIB. It is essential that the values
   assigned to hrSWRunIndex from the Host Resources MIB be consistent
   with the values used for sysApplRunElmtIndex.

3.1.3.  Relationship to NSM

   The Network Services Monitoring MIB [23] is defined as the base set
   of attributes for managing network applications.  The Application MIB
   includes information normally obtainable only from the managed
   resource itself, rather than the supporting system.  Due to
   differences in index representation, the relationship between the
   Network Services Monitoring MIB and the Application MIB is not
   formally defined.

4.  MIB Structure

   This MIB is organized into several groups, which in turn are
   organized into tables to provide the monitoring and control of
   information relevant to the management of applications.  The groups
   model:

     -      the service-level view of applications

     -      information on open channels (files, connections,
            transaction streams) in use by applications

     -      historical information on former channels

     -      process-level status and control information




Kalbfleisch, et al.         Standards Track                     [Page 6]

RFC 2564               Application Management MIB               May 1999


   These groups are organized into various tables.  Information for a
   particular running managed application appears in the form of entries
   in the appropriate tables.  The tables are: