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📁 一个学习tcp/ip协议的教程
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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>tytibcfi.htm</TITLE><LINK REL=ToC HREF=index-1.htm><LINK REL=Index HREF=index-1.htm><LINK REL=Next HREF=tyt01fi.htm><LINK REL=Previous HREF=tytfmfi.htm></HEAD><BODY BGCOLOR=#FFFFFF TEXT=#000000 LINK=#0000FF VLINK=#800080><A ID=I0 NAME=I0></A><P><P ALIGN=CENTER><A HREF=tytfmfi.htm TARGET=_self><IMG SRC=blanprev.gif WIDTH = 37 HEIGHT = 37 BORDER = 0 ALT="Previous Page"></A><A HREF=index-1.htm TARGET=_self><IMG SRC=blantoc.gif WIDTH = 37 HEIGHT = 37 BORDER = 0 ALT=TOC></A><A HREF=tyt01fi.htm TARGET=_self><IMG SRC=blannext.gif WIDTH = 37 HEIGHT = 37 BORDER = 0 ALT="Next Page"></A><P><UL><UL><UL><UL><LI><A HREF=#E69E7>The TCP/IP Protocol Family</A></LI></UL></UL></UL></UL><HR ALIGN=CENTER><BR><A ID=E69E7 NAME=E69E7></A><H4 ALIGN=CENTER><CENTER><FONT SIZE=4 COLOR=#FF0000><B>The TCP/IP Protocol Family</B></FONT></CENTER></H4><BR><CENTER><TABLE BORDERCOLOR=#000040 BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=2 CELLPADDING=3><TR><TD COLSPAN=2 ALIGN=center BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P ALIGN=CENTER><CENTER><B><I>Transport</I></B></CENTER></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Connection-based services (Day 4)<BR></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>UDP (User Datagram Protocol)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Connectionless services (Day 4)<BR></FONT><TR><TD COLSPAN=2 ALIGN=center BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P ALIGN=CENTER><CENTER><B><I>Routing</I></B></CENTER></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>IP (Internet Protocol)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Handles transmission of information (Day 3)<BR></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Handles status messages for IP (Day 3)<BR></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>RIP (Routing Information Protocol)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Determines routing (Day 5)<BR></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Alternate protocol for determining routing (Day 5)<BR></FONT><TR><TD COLSPAN=2 ALIGN=center BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P ALIGN=CENTER><CENTER><B><I>Network Addresses</I></B></CENTER></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Determines addresses (Day 2)<BR></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>DNS (Domain Name System)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Determines addresses from machine names (Day 2 and Day 11)<BR></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Determines addresses (Day 2)<BR></FONT><TR><TD COLSPAN=2 ALIGN=center BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P ALIGN=CENTER><CENTER><B><I>User Services</I></B></CENTER></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>BOOTP (Boot Protocol)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Starts up a network machine (Day 11)<BR></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>FTP (File Transfer Protocol)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Transfers files (Day 6)<BR></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Telnet<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Enables remote logins (Day 6)<BR></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Enables remote file transfers (Day 6)<BR></FONT><TR><TD COLSPAN=2 ALIGN=center BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P ALIGN=CENTER><CENTER><B><I>Gateway Protocols</I></B></CENTER></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>EGP (Exterior Gateway Protocol)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Transfers routing information for external networks (Day 3 and Day 5)<BR></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>GGP (Gateway-to-Gateway Protocol)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Transfers routing information between gateways (Day 3 and Day 5)<BR></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Transfers routing information for internal networks (Day 5)<BR></FONT><TR><TD COLSPAN=2 ALIGN=center BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P ALIGN=CENTER><CENTER><B><I>Others</I></B></CENTER></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>NFS (Network File System)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Enables directories on one machine to be mounted on another (Day 12)<BR></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>NIS (Network Information Service)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Maintains user accounts across networks (Day 12)<BR></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>NTP (Network Time Protocol)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Synchronizes clocks (Day 11)<BR></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>PING (Packet Internet Groper)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Checks connectivity (Day 7)<BR></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>RPC (Remote Procedure Call)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Enables remote applications to communicate (Day 12)<BR></FONT><TR><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)<BR></FONT><TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF><FONT COLOR=#000080><P>Sends status messages about the network (Day 13)</FONT></TABLE></CENTER><BR><P><P ALIGN=CENTER><A HREF=tytfmfi.htm TARGET=_self><IMG SRC=blanprev.gif WIDTH = 37 HEIGHT = 37 BORDER = 0 ALT="Previous Page"></A><A HREF=#I0 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