initdb.c

PostgreSQL 8.1.4的源码 适用于Linux下的开源数据库系统

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * initdb --- initialize a PostgreSQL installation
 *
 * initdb creates (initializes) a PostgreSQL database cluster (site,
 * instance, installation, whatever).  A database cluster is a
 * collection of PostgreSQL databases all managed by the same postmaster.
 *
 * To create the database cluster, we create the directory that contains
 * all its data, create the files that hold the global tables, create
 * a few other control files for it, and create three databases: the
 * template databases "template0" and "template1", and a default user
 * database "postgres".
 *
 * The template databases are ordinary PostgreSQL databases.  template0
 * is never supposed to change after initdb, whereas template1 can be
 * changed to add site-local standard data.  Either one can be copied
 * to produce a new database.
 *
 * For largely-historical reasons, the template1 database is the one built
 * by the basic bootstrap process.	After it is complete, template0 and
 * the default database, postgres, are made just by copying template1.
 *
 * To create template1, we run the postgres (backend) program in bootstrap
 * mode and feed it data from the postgres.bki library file.  After this
 * initial bootstrap phase, some additional stuff is created by normal
 * SQL commands fed to a standalone backend.  Some of those commands are
 * just embedded into this program (yeah, it's ugly), but larger chunks
 * are taken from script files.
 *
 *
 * Note:
 *	 The program has some memory leakage - it isn't worth cleaning it up.
 *
 * This is a C implementation of the previous shell script for setting up a
 * PostgreSQL cluster location, and should be highly compatible with it.
 * author of C translation: Andrew Dunstan	   mailto:[e-mail]
 *
 * This code is released under the terms of the PostgreSQL License.
 *
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2005, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
 * Portions taken from FreeBSD.
 *
 * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/bin/initdb/initdb.c,v 1.99.2.2 2006/02/24 00:55:27 adunstan Exp $
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

#include "postgres_fe.h"

#include <dirent.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <signal.h>
#ifdef HAVE_LANGINFO_H
#include <langinfo.h>
#endif

#include "libpq/pqsignal.h"
#include "mb/pg_wchar.h"
#include "getaddrinfo.h"
#include "getopt_long.h"

#ifndef HAVE_INT_OPTRESET
int			optreset;
#endif


/* version string we expect back from postgres */
#define PG_VERSIONSTR "postgres (PostgreSQL) " PG_VERSION "\n"

/*
 * these values are passed in by makefile defines
 */
static char *share_path = NULL;

/* values to be obtained from arguments */
static char *pg_data = "";
static char *encoding = "";
static char *locale = "";
static char *lc_collate = "";
static char *lc_ctype = "";
static char *lc_monetary = "";
static char *lc_numeric = "";
static char *lc_time = "";
static char *lc_messages = "";
static char *username = "";
static bool pwprompt = false;
static char *pwfilename = NULL;
static char *authmethod = "";
static bool debug = false;
static bool noclean = false;
static bool show_setting = false;


/* internal vars */
static const char *progname;
static char *encodingid = "0";
static char *bki_file;
static char *desc_file;
static char *hba_file;
static char *ident_file;
static char *conf_file;
static char *conversion_file;
static char *info_schema_file;
static char *features_file;
static char *system_views_file;
static bool made_new_pgdata = false;
static bool found_existing_pgdata = false;
static char infoversion[100];
static bool caught_signal = false;
static bool output_failed = false;
static int	output_errno = 0;

/* defaults */
static int	n_connections = 10;
static int	n_buffers = 50;

/*
 * Warning messages for authentication methods
 */
#define AUTHTRUST_WARNING \
"# CAUTION: Configuring the system for local \"trust\" authentication allows\n" \
"# any local user to connect as any PostgreSQL user, including the database\n" \
"# superuser. If you do not trust all your local users, use another\n" \
"# authentication method.\n"
static char *authwarning = NULL;

/*
 * Centralized knowledge of switches to pass to backend
 *
 * Note: in the shell-script version, we also passed PGDATA as a -D switch,
 * but here it is more convenient to pass it as an environment variable
 * (no quoting to worry about).
 */
static const char *boot_options = "-F";
static const char *backend_options = "-F -O -c search_path=pg_catalog -c exit_on_error=true";


/* path to 'initdb' binary directory */
static char bin_path[MAXPGPATH];
static char backend_exec[MAXPGPATH];

static void *pg_malloc(size_t size);
static char *xstrdup(const char *s);
static char **replace_token(char **lines,
			  const char *token, const char *replacement);

#ifndef HAVE_UNIX_SOCKETS
static char **filter_lines_with_token(char **lines, const char *token);
#endif
static char **readfile(char *path);
static void writefile(char *path, char **lines);
static FILE *popen_check(const char *command, const char *mode);
static int	mkdir_p(char *path, mode_t omode);
static void exit_nicely(void);
static char *get_id(void);
static char *get_encoding_id(char *encoding_name);
static char *get_short_version(void);
static int	check_data_dir(void);
static bool mkdatadir(const char *subdir);
static void set_input(char **dest, char *filename);
static void check_input(char *path);
static void set_short_version(char *short_version, char *extrapath);
static void set_null_conf(void);
static void test_connections(void);
static void test_buffers(void);
static void setup_config(void);
static void bootstrap_template1(char *short_version);
static void setup_auth(void);
static void get_set_pwd(void);
static void unlimit_systables(void);
static void setup_depend(void);
static void setup_sysviews(void);
static void setup_description(void);
static void setup_conversion(void);
static void setup_privileges(void);
static void set_info_version(void);
static void setup_schema(void);
static void vacuum_db(void);
static void make_template0(void);
static void make_postgres(void);
static void trapsig(int signum);
static void check_ok(void);
static char *escape_quotes(const char *src);
static bool chklocale(const char *locale);
static void setlocales(void);
static void usage(const char *progname);


/*
 * macros for running pipes to postgres
 */
#define PG_CMD_DECL		char cmd[MAXPGPATH]; FILE *cmdfd

#define PG_CMD_OPEN \
do { \
	cmdfd = popen_check(cmd, "w"); \
	if (cmdfd == NULL) \
		exit_nicely(); /* message already printed by popen_check */ \
} while (0)

#define PG_CMD_CLOSE \
do { \
	if (pclose_check(cmdfd)) \
		exit_nicely(); /* message already printed by pclose_check */ \
} while (0)

#define PG_CMD_PUTS(line) \
do { \
	if (fputs(line, cmdfd) < 0 || fflush(cmdfd) < 0) \
		output_failed = true, output_errno = errno; \
} while (0)

#define PG_CMD_PRINTF1(fmt, arg1) \
do { \
	if (fprintf(cmdfd, fmt, arg1) < 0 || fflush(cmdfd) < 0) \
		output_failed = true, output_errno = errno; \
} while (0)

#define PG_CMD_PRINTF2(fmt, arg1, arg2) \
do { \
	if (fprintf(cmdfd, fmt, arg1, arg2) < 0 || fflush(cmdfd) < 0) \
		output_failed = true, output_errno = errno; \
} while (0)

#ifndef WIN32
#define QUOTE_PATH	""
#define DIR_SEP "/"
#else
#define QUOTE_PATH	"\""
#define DIR_SEP "\\"
#endif

/*
 * routines to check mem allocations and fail noisily.
 *
 * Note that we can't call exit_nicely() on a memory failure, as it calls
 * rmtree() which needs memory allocation. So we just exit with a bang.
 */
static void *
pg_malloc(size_t size)
{
	void	   *result;

	result = malloc(size);
	if (!result)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, _("%s: out of memory\n"), progname);
		exit(1);
	}
	return result;
}

static char *
xstrdup(const char *s)
{
	char	   *result;

	result = strdup(s);
	if (!result)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, _("%s: out of memory\n"), progname);
		exit(1);
	}
	return result;
}

/*
 * make a copy of the array of lines, with token replaced by replacement
 * the first time it occurs on each line.
 *
 * This does most of what sed was used for in the shell script, but
 * doesn't need any regexp stuff.
 */
static char **
replace_token(char **lines, const char *token, const char *replacement)
{
	int			numlines = 1;
	int			i;
	char	  **result;
	int			toklen,
				replen,
				diff;

	for (i = 0; lines[i]; i++)
		numlines++;

	result = (char **) pg_malloc(numlines * sizeof(char *));

	toklen = strlen(token);
	replen = strlen(replacement);
	diff = replen - toklen;

	for (i = 0; i < numlines; i++)
	{
		char	   *where;
		char	   *newline;
		int			pre;

		/* just copy pointer if NULL or no change needed */
		if (lines[i] == NULL || (where = strstr(lines[i], token)) == NULL)
		{
			result[i] = lines[i];
			continue;
		}

		/* if we get here a change is needed - set up new line */

		newline = (char *) pg_malloc(strlen(lines[i]) + diff + 1);

		pre = where - lines[i];

		strncpy(newline, lines[i], pre);

		strcpy(newline + pre, replacement);

		strcpy(newline + pre + replen, lines[i] + pre + toklen);

		result[i] = newline;
	}

	return result;
}

/*
 * make a copy of lines without any that contain the token
 *
 * a sort of poor man's grep -v
 */
#ifndef HAVE_UNIX_SOCKETS
static char **
filter_lines_with_token(char **lines, const char *token)
{
	int			numlines = 1;
	int			i,
				src,
				dst;
	char	  **result;

	for (i = 0; lines[i]; i++)
		numlines++;

	result = (char **) pg_malloc(numlines * sizeof(char *));

	for (src = 0, dst = 0; src < numlines; src++)
	{
		if (lines[src] == NULL || strstr(lines[src], token) == NULL)
			result[dst++] = lines[src];
	}

	return result;
}
#endif

/*
 * get the lines from a text file
 */
static char **
readfile(char *path)
{
	FILE	   *infile;
	int			maxlength = 0,
				linelen = 0;
	int			nlines = 0;
	char	  **result;
	char	   *buffer;
	int			c;

	if ((infile = fopen(path, "r")) == NULL)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, _("%s: could not open file \"%s\" for reading: %s\n"),
				progname, path, strerror(errno));
		exit_nicely();
	}

	/* pass over the file twice - the first time to size the result */

	while ((c = fgetc(infile)) != EOF)
	{
		linelen++;
		if (c == '\n')
		{
			nlines++;
			if (linelen > maxlength)
				maxlength = linelen;
			linelen = 0;
		}
	}

	/* handle last line without a terminating newline (yuck) */

	if (linelen)
		nlines++;
	if (linelen > maxlength)
		maxlength = linelen;

	/* set up the result and the line buffer */

	result = (char **) pg_malloc((nlines + 2) * sizeof(char *));
	buffer = (char *) pg_malloc(maxlength + 2);

	/* now reprocess the file and store the lines */

	rewind(infile);
	nlines = 0;
	while (fgets(buffer, maxlength + 1, infile) != NULL)
	{
		result[nlines] = xstrdup(buffer);
		nlines++;
	}

	fclose(infile);
	result[nlines] = NULL;

	return result;
}

/*
 * write an array of lines to a file
 *
 * This is only used to write text files.  Use fopen "w" not PG_BINARY_W
 * so that the resulting configuration files are nicely editable on Windows.
 */
static void
writefile(char *path, char **lines)
{
	FILE	   *out_file;
	char	  **line;

	if ((out_file = fopen(path, "w")) == NULL)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, _("%s: could not open file \"%s\" for writing: %s\n"),
				progname, path, strerror(errno));
		exit_nicely();
	}
	for (line = lines; *line != NULL; line++)
	{
		if (fputs(*line, out_file) < 0)
		{
			fprintf(stderr, _("%s: could not write file \"%s\": %s\n"),
					progname, path, strerror(errno));
			exit_nicely();
		}
		free(*line);
	}
	if (fclose(out_file))
	{
		fprintf(stderr, _("%s: could not write file \"%s\": %s\n"),
				progname, path, strerror(errno));
		exit_nicely();
	}
}

/*
 * Open a subcommand with suitable error messaging
 */
static FILE *
popen_check(const char *command, const char *mode)
{
	FILE	   *cmdfd;

	fflush(stdout);
	fflush(stderr);
	errno = 0;
	cmdfd = popen(command, mode);
	if (cmdfd == NULL)
		fprintf(stderr, _("%s: could not execute command \"%s\": %s\n"),
				progname, command, strerror(errno));
	return cmdfd;
}

/* source stolen from FreeBSD /src/bin/mkdir/mkdir.c and adapted */

/*
 * this tries to build all the elements of a path to a directory a la mkdir -p
 * we assume the path is in canonical form, i.e. uses / as the separator
 * we also assume it isn't null.
 *
 * note that on failure, the path arg has been modified to show the particular
 * directory level we had problems with.
 */
static int
mkdir_p(char *path, mode_t omode)
{
	struct stat sb;
	mode_t		numask,
				oumask;
	int			first,
				last,
				retval;
	char	   *p;

	p = path;
	oumask = 0;
	retval = 0;

#ifdef WIN32
	/* skip network and drive specifiers for win32 */
	if (strlen(p) >= 2)
	{
		if (p[0] == '/' && p[1] == '/')
		{
			/* network drive */
			p = strstr(p + 2, "/");
			if (p == NULL)
				return 1;
		}
		else if (p[1] == ':' &&
				 ((p[0] >= 'a' && p[0] <= 'z') ||
				  (p[0] >= 'A' && p[0] <= 'Z')))
		{
			/* local drive */
			p += 2;
		}
	}
#endif

	if (p[0] == '/')			/* Skip leading '/'. */
		++p;
	for (first = 1, last = 0; !last; ++p)
	{
		if (p[0] == '\0')
			last = 1;
		else if (p[0] != '/')
			continue;
		*p = '\0';
		if (!last && p[1] == '\0')
			last = 1;
		if (first)
		{
			/*
			 * POSIX 1003.2: For each dir operand that does not name an
			 * existing directory, effects equivalent to those caused by the
			 * following command shall occcur:
			 *
			 * mkdir -p -m $(umask -S),u+wx $(dirname dir) && mkdir [-m mode]
			 * dir
			 *
			 * We change the user's umask and then restore it, instead of
			 * doing chmod's.
			 */