relation.h

PostgreSQL 8.1.4的源码 适用于Linux下的开源数据库系统

										 * clauses */
	List	   *index_inner_paths;		/* InnerIndexscanInfo nodes */

	/*
	 * Inner indexscans are not in the main pathlist because they are not
	 * usable except in specific join contexts.  We use the index_inner_paths
	 * list just to avoid recomputing the best inner indexscan repeatedly for
	 * similar outer relations.  See comments for InnerIndexscanInfo.
	 */
} RelOptInfo;

/*
 * IndexOptInfo
 *		Per-index information for planning/optimization
 *
 *		Prior to Postgres 7.0, RelOptInfo was used to describe both relations
 *		and indexes, but that created confusion without actually doing anything
 *		useful.  So now we have a separate IndexOptInfo struct for indexes.
 *
 *		classlist[], indexkeys[], and ordering[] have ncolumns entries.
 *		Zeroes in the indexkeys[] array indicate index columns that are
 *		expressions; there is one element in indexprs for each such column.
 *
 *		Note: for historical reasons, the classlist and ordering arrays have
 *		an extra entry that is always zero.  Some code scans until it sees a
 *		zero entry, rather than looking at ncolumns.
 *
 *		The indexprs and indpred expressions have been run through
 *		prepqual.c and eval_const_expressions() for ease of matching to
 *		WHERE clauses.	indpred is in implicit-AND form.
 */

typedef struct IndexOptInfo
{
	NodeTag		type;

	Oid			indexoid;		/* OID of the index relation */
	RelOptInfo *rel;			/* back-link to index's table */

	/* statistics from pg_class */
	BlockNumber pages;			/* number of disk pages in index */
	double		tuples;			/* number of index tuples in index */

	/* index descriptor information */
	int			ncolumns;		/* number of columns in index */
	Oid		   *classlist;		/* OIDs of operator classes for columns */
	int		   *indexkeys;		/* column numbers of index's keys, or 0 */
	Oid		   *ordering;		/* OIDs of sort operators for each column */
	Oid			relam;			/* OID of the access method (in pg_am) */

	RegProcedure amcostestimate;	/* OID of the access method's cost fcn */

	List	   *indexprs;		/* expressions for non-simple index columns */
	List	   *indpred;		/* predicate if a partial index, else NIL */

	bool		predOK;			/* true if predicate matches query */
	bool		unique;			/* true if a unique index */
	bool		amoptionalkey;	/* can query omit key for the first column? */
} IndexOptInfo;


/*
 * PathKeys
 *
 *	The sort ordering of a path is represented by a list of sublists of
 *	PathKeyItem nodes.	An empty list implies no known ordering.  Otherwise
 *	the first sublist represents the primary sort key, the second the
 *	first secondary sort key, etc.	Each sublist contains one or more
 *	PathKeyItem nodes, each of which can be taken as the attribute that
 *	appears at that sort position.	(See optimizer/README for more
 *	information.)
 */

typedef struct PathKeyItem
{
	NodeTag		type;

	Node	   *key;			/* the item that is ordered */
	Oid			sortop;			/* the ordering operator ('<' op) */

	/*
	 * key typically points to a Var node, ie a relation attribute, but it can
	 * also point to an arbitrary expression representing the value indexed by
	 * an index expression.
	 */
} PathKeyItem;

/*
 * Type "Path" is used as-is for sequential-scan paths.  For other
 * path types it is the first component of a larger struct.
 *
 * Note: "pathtype" is the NodeTag of the Plan node we could build from this
 * Path.  It is partially redundant with the Path's NodeTag, but allows us
 * to use the same Path type for multiple Plan types where there is no need
 * to distinguish the Plan type during path processing.
 */

typedef struct Path
{
	NodeTag		type;

	NodeTag		pathtype;		/* tag identifying scan/join method */

	RelOptInfo *parent;			/* the relation this path can build */

	/* estimated execution costs for path (see costsize.c for more info) */
	Cost		startup_cost;	/* cost expended before fetching any tuples */
	Cost		total_cost;		/* total cost (assuming all tuples fetched) */

	List	   *pathkeys;		/* sort ordering of path's output */
	/* pathkeys is a List of Lists of PathKeyItem nodes; see above */
} Path;

/*----------
 * IndexPath represents an index scan over a single index.
 *
 * 'indexinfo' is the index to be scanned.
 *
 * 'indexclauses' is a list of index qualification clauses, with implicit
 * AND semantics across the list.  Each clause is a RestrictInfo node from
 * the query's WHERE or JOIN conditions.
 *
 * 'indexquals' has the same structure as 'indexclauses', but it contains
 * the actual indexqual conditions that can be used with the index.
 * In simple cases this is identical to 'indexclauses', but when special
 * indexable operators appear in 'indexclauses', they are replaced by the
 * derived indexscannable conditions in 'indexquals'.
 *
 * 'isjoininner' is TRUE if the path is a nestloop inner scan (that is,
 * some of the index conditions are join rather than restriction clauses).
 *
 * 'indexscandir' is one of:
 *		ForwardScanDirection: forward scan of an ordered index
 *		BackwardScanDirection: backward scan of an ordered index
 *		NoMovementScanDirection: scan of an unordered index, or don't care
 * (The executor doesn't care whether it gets ForwardScanDirection or
 * NoMovementScanDirection for an indexscan, but the planner wants to
 * distinguish ordered from unordered indexes for building pathkeys.)
 *
 * 'indextotalcost' and 'indexselectivity' are saved in the IndexPath so that
 * we need not recompute them when considering using the same index in a
 * bitmap index/heap scan (see BitmapHeapPath).  The costs of the IndexPath
 * itself represent the costs of an IndexScan plan type.
 *
 * 'rows' is the estimated result tuple count for the indexscan.  This
 * is the same as path.parent->rows for a simple indexscan, but it is
 * different for a nestloop inner scan, because the additional indexquals
 * coming from join clauses make the scan more selective than the parent
 * rel's restrict clauses alone would do.
 *----------
 */
typedef struct IndexPath
{
	Path		path;
	IndexOptInfo *indexinfo;
	List	   *indexclauses;
	List	   *indexquals;
	bool		isjoininner;
	ScanDirection indexscandir;
	Cost		indextotalcost;
	Selectivity indexselectivity;
	double		rows;			/* estimated number of result tuples */
} IndexPath;

/*
 * BitmapHeapPath represents one or more indexscans that generate TID bitmaps
 * instead of directly accessing the heap, followed by AND/OR combinations
 * to produce a single bitmap, followed by a heap scan that uses the bitmap.
 * Note that the output is always considered unordered, since it will come
 * out in physical heap order no matter what the underlying indexes did.
 *
 * The individual indexscans are represented by IndexPath nodes, and any
 * logic on top of them is represented by a tree of BitmapAndPath and
 * BitmapOrPath nodes.	Notice that we can use the same IndexPath node both
 * to represent a regular IndexScan plan, and as the child of a BitmapHeapPath
 * that represents scanning the same index using a BitmapIndexScan.  The
 * startup_cost and total_cost figures of an IndexPath always represent the
 * costs to use it as a regular IndexScan.	The costs of a BitmapIndexScan
 * can be computed using the IndexPath's indextotalcost and indexselectivity.
 *
 * BitmapHeapPaths can be nestloop inner indexscans.  The isjoininner and
 * rows fields serve the same purpose as for plain IndexPaths.
 */
typedef struct BitmapHeapPath
{
	Path		path;
	Path	   *bitmapqual;		/* IndexPath, BitmapAndPath, BitmapOrPath */
	bool		isjoininner;	/* T if it's a nestloop inner scan */
	double		rows;			/* estimated number of result tuples */
} BitmapHeapPath;

/*
 * BitmapAndPath represents a BitmapAnd plan node; it can only appear as
 * part of the substructure of a BitmapHeapPath.  The Path structure is
 * a bit more heavyweight than we really need for this, but for simplicity
 * we make it a derivative of Path anyway.
 */
typedef struct BitmapAndPath
{
	Path		path;
	List	   *bitmapquals;	/* IndexPaths and BitmapOrPaths */
	Selectivity bitmapselectivity;
} BitmapAndPath;

/*
 * BitmapOrPath represents a BitmapOr plan node; it can only appear as
 * part of the substructure of a BitmapHeapPath.  The Path structure is
 * a bit more heavyweight than we really need for this, but for simplicity
 * we make it a derivative of Path anyway.
 */
typedef struct BitmapOrPath
{
	Path		path;
	List	   *bitmapquals;	/* IndexPaths and BitmapAndPaths */
	Selectivity bitmapselectivity;
} BitmapOrPath;

/*
 * TidPath represents a scan by TID
 *
 * tideval is an implicitly OR'ed list of quals of the form CTID = something.
 * Note they are bare quals, not RestrictInfos.
 */
typedef struct TidPath
{
	Path		path;
	List	   *tideval;		/* qual(s) involving CTID = something */
} TidPath;

/*
 * AppendPath represents an Append plan, ie, successive execution of
 * several member plans.  Currently it is only used to handle expansion
 * of inheritance trees.
 *
 * Note: it is possible for "subpaths" to contain only one, or even no,
 * elements.  These cases are optimized during create_append_plan.
 */
typedef struct AppendPath
{
	Path		path;
	List	   *subpaths;		/* list of component Paths */
} AppendPath;

/*
 * ResultPath represents use of a Result plan node.  There are several
 * applications for this:
 *	* To compute a variable-free targetlist (a "SELECT expressions" query).
 *	  In this case subpath and path.parent will both be NULL.  constantqual
 *	  might or might not be empty ("SELECT expressions WHERE something").
 *	* To gate execution of a subplan with a one-time (variable-free) qual
 *	  condition.  path.parent is copied from the subpath.
 *	* To substitute for a scan plan when we have proven that no rows in
 *	  a table will satisfy the query.  subpath is NULL but path.parent
 *	  references the not-to-be-scanned relation, and constantqual is
 *	  a constant FALSE.
 *
 * Note that constantqual is a list of bare clauses, not RestrictInfos.
 */
typedef struct ResultPath
{
	Path		path;
	Path	   *subpath;
	List	   *constantqual;
} ResultPath;

/*
 * MaterialPath represents use of a Material plan node, i.e., caching of
 * the output of its subpath.  This is used when the subpath is expensive
 * and needs to be scanned repeatedly, or when we need mark/restore ability
 * and the subpath doesn't have it.
 */
typedef struct MaterialPath
{
	Path		path;
	Path	   *subpath;
} MaterialPath;

/*
 * UniquePath represents elimination of distinct rows from the output of
 * its subpath.
 *
 * This is unlike the other Path nodes in that it can actually generate
 * different plans: either hash-based or sort-based implementation, or a
 * no-op if the input path can be proven distinct already.	The decision
 * is sufficiently localized that it's not worth having separate Path node