indexcmds.c

PostgreSQL 8.1.4的源码 适用于Linux下的开源数据库系统

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * indexcmds.c
 *	  POSTGRES define and remove index code.
 *
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2005, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
 *
 *
 * IDENTIFICATION
 *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/commands/indexcmds.c,v 1.134.2.2 2006/02/10 19:01:22 tgl Exp $
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

#include "postgres.h"

#include "access/genam.h"
#include "access/heapam.h"
#include "catalog/catalog.h"
#include "catalog/dependency.h"
#include "catalog/heap.h"
#include "catalog/index.h"
#include "catalog/indexing.h"
#include "catalog/pg_opclass.h"
#include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h"
#include "commands/dbcommands.h"
#include "commands/defrem.h"
#include "commands/tablecmds.h"
#include "commands/tablespace.h"
#include "mb/pg_wchar.h"
#include "miscadmin.h"
#include "optimizer/clauses.h"
#include "parser/parsetree.h"
#include "parser/parse_coerce.h"
#include "parser/parse_expr.h"
#include "parser/parse_func.h"
#include "utils/acl.h"
#include "utils/builtins.h"
#include "utils/fmgroids.h"
#include "utils/lsyscache.h"
#include "utils/memutils.h"
#include "utils/relcache.h"
#include "utils/syscache.h"


/* non-export function prototypes */
static void CheckPredicate(Expr *predicate);
static void ComputeIndexAttrs(IndexInfo *indexInfo, Oid *classOidP,
				  List *attList,
				  Oid relId,
				  char *accessMethodName, Oid accessMethodId,
				  bool isconstraint);
static Oid GetIndexOpClass(List *opclass, Oid attrType,
				char *accessMethodName, Oid accessMethodId);
static bool relationHasPrimaryKey(Relation rel);


/*
 * DefineIndex
 *		Creates a new index.
 *
 * 'heapRelation': the relation the index will apply to.
 * 'indexRelationName': the name for the new index, or NULL to indicate
 *		that a nonconflicting default name should be picked.
 * 'indexRelationId': normally InvalidOid, but during bootstrap can be
 *		nonzero to specify a preselected OID for the index.
 * 'accessMethodName': name of the AM to use.
 * 'tableSpaceName': name of the tablespace to create the index in.
 *		NULL specifies using the appropriate default.
 * 'attributeList': a list of IndexElem specifying columns and expressions
 *		to index on.
 * 'predicate': the partial-index condition, or NULL if none.
 * 'rangetable': needed to interpret the predicate.
 * 'unique': make the index enforce uniqueness.
 * 'primary': mark the index as a primary key in the catalogs.
 * 'isconstraint': index is for a PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE constraint,
 *		so build a pg_constraint entry for it.
 * 'is_alter_table': this is due to an ALTER rather than a CREATE operation.
 * 'check_rights': check for CREATE rights in the namespace.  (This should
 *		be true except when ALTER is deleting/recreating an index.)
 * 'skip_build': make the catalog entries but leave the index file empty;
 *		it will be filled later.
 * 'quiet': suppress the NOTICE chatter ordinarily provided for constraints.
 */
void
DefineIndex(RangeVar *heapRelation,
			char *indexRelationName,
			Oid indexRelationId,
			char *accessMethodName,
			char *tableSpaceName,
			List *attributeList,
			Expr *predicate,
			List *rangetable,
			bool unique,
			bool primary,
			bool isconstraint,
			bool is_alter_table,
			bool check_rights,
			bool skip_build,
			bool quiet)
{
	Oid		   *classObjectId;
	Oid			accessMethodId;
	Oid			relationId;
	Oid			namespaceId;
	Oid			tablespaceId;
	Relation	rel;
	HeapTuple	tuple;
	Form_pg_am	accessMethodForm;
	IndexInfo  *indexInfo;
	int			numberOfAttributes;

	/*
	 * count attributes in index
	 */
	numberOfAttributes = list_length(attributeList);
	if (numberOfAttributes <= 0)
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_OBJECT_DEFINITION),
				 errmsg("must specify at least one column")));
	if (numberOfAttributes > INDEX_MAX_KEYS)
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_TOO_MANY_COLUMNS),
				 errmsg("cannot use more than %d columns in an index",
						INDEX_MAX_KEYS)));

	/*
	 * Open heap relation, acquire a suitable lock on it, remember its OID
	 */
	rel = heap_openrv(heapRelation, ShareLock);

	/* Note: during bootstrap may see uncataloged relation */
	if (rel->rd_rel->relkind != RELKIND_RELATION &&
		rel->rd_rel->relkind != RELKIND_UNCATALOGED)
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_WRONG_OBJECT_TYPE),
				 errmsg("\"%s\" is not a table",
						heapRelation->relname)));

	relationId = RelationGetRelid(rel);
	namespaceId = RelationGetNamespace(rel);

	/*
	 * Verify we (still) have CREATE rights in the rel's namespace.
	 * (Presumably we did when the rel was created, but maybe not anymore.)
	 * Skip check if caller doesn't want it.  Also skip check if
	 * bootstrapping, since permissions machinery may not be working yet.
	 */
	if (check_rights && !IsBootstrapProcessingMode())
	{
		AclResult	aclresult;

		aclresult = pg_namespace_aclcheck(namespaceId, GetUserId(),
										  ACL_CREATE);
		if (aclresult != ACLCHECK_OK)
			aclcheck_error(aclresult, ACL_KIND_NAMESPACE,
						   get_namespace_name(namespaceId));
	}

	/*
	 * Select tablespace to use.  If not specified, use default_tablespace
	 * (which may in turn default to database's default).
	 */
	if (tableSpaceName)
	{
		tablespaceId = get_tablespace_oid(tableSpaceName);
		if (!OidIsValid(tablespaceId))
			ereport(ERROR,
					(errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
					 errmsg("tablespace \"%s\" does not exist",
							tableSpaceName)));
	}
	else
	{
		tablespaceId = GetDefaultTablespace();
		/* note InvalidOid is OK in this case */
	}

	/* Check permissions except when using database's default */
	if (OidIsValid(tablespaceId))
	{
		AclResult	aclresult;

		aclresult = pg_tablespace_aclcheck(tablespaceId, GetUserId(),
										   ACL_CREATE);
		if (aclresult != ACLCHECK_OK)
			aclcheck_error(aclresult, ACL_KIND_TABLESPACE,
						   get_tablespace_name(tablespaceId));
	}

	/*
	 * Force shared indexes into the pg_global tablespace.	This is a bit of a
	 * hack but seems simpler than marking them in the BKI commands.
	 */
	if (rel->rd_rel->relisshared)
		tablespaceId = GLOBALTABLESPACE_OID;

	/*
	 * Select name for index if caller didn't specify
	 */
	if (indexRelationName == NULL)
	{
		if (primary)
			indexRelationName = ChooseRelationName(RelationGetRelationName(rel),
												   NULL,
												   "pkey",
												   namespaceId);
		else
		{
			IndexElem  *iparam = (IndexElem *) linitial(attributeList);

			indexRelationName = ChooseRelationName(RelationGetRelationName(rel),
												   iparam->name,
												   "key",
												   namespaceId);
		}
	}

	/*
	 * look up the access method, verify it can handle the requested features
	 */
	tuple = SearchSysCache(AMNAME,
						   PointerGetDatum(accessMethodName),
						   0, 0, 0);
	if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
				 errmsg("access method \"%s\" does not exist",
						accessMethodName)));
	accessMethodId = HeapTupleGetOid(tuple);
	accessMethodForm = (Form_pg_am) GETSTRUCT(tuple);

	if (unique && !accessMethodForm->amcanunique)
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
			   errmsg("access method \"%s\" does not support unique indexes",
					  accessMethodName)));
	if (numberOfAttributes > 1 && !accessMethodForm->amcanmulticol)
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
		  errmsg("access method \"%s\" does not support multicolumn indexes",
				 accessMethodName)));

	ReleaseSysCache(tuple);

	/*
	 * If a range table was created then check that only the base rel is
	 * mentioned.
	 */
	if (rangetable != NIL)
	{
		if (list_length(rangetable) != 1 || getrelid(1, rangetable) != relationId)
			ereport(ERROR,
					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_COLUMN_REFERENCE),
					 errmsg("index expressions and predicates may refer only to the table being indexed")));
	}

	/*
	 * Validate predicate, if given
	 */
	if (predicate)
		CheckPredicate(predicate);

	/*
	 * Extra checks when creating a PRIMARY KEY index.
	 */
	if (primary)
	{
		List	   *cmds;
		ListCell   *keys;

		/*
		 * If ALTER TABLE, check that there isn't already a PRIMARY KEY. In
		 * CREATE TABLE, we have faith that the parser rejected multiple pkey
		 * clauses; and CREATE INDEX doesn't have a way to say PRIMARY KEY, so
		 * it's no problem either.
		 */
		if (is_alter_table &&
			relationHasPrimaryKey(rel))
		{
			ereport(ERROR,
					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TABLE_DEFINITION),
			 errmsg("multiple primary keys for table \"%s\" are not allowed",
					RelationGetRelationName(rel))));
		}

		/*
		 * Check that all of the attributes in a primary key are marked as not
		 * null, otherwise attempt to ALTER TABLE .. SET NOT NULL
		 */
		cmds = NIL;
		foreach(keys, attributeList)
		{
			IndexElem  *key = (IndexElem *) lfirst(keys);
			HeapTuple	atttuple;

			if (!key->name)
				ereport(ERROR,
						(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
						 errmsg("primary keys cannot be expressions")));

			/* System attributes are never null, so no problem */
			if (SystemAttributeByName(key->name, rel->rd_rel->relhasoids))
				continue;

			atttuple = SearchSysCacheAttName(relationId, key->name);
			if (HeapTupleIsValid(atttuple))
			{
				if (!((Form_pg_attribute) GETSTRUCT(atttuple))->attnotnull)
				{
					/* Add a subcommand to make this one NOT NULL */
					AlterTableCmd *cmd = makeNode(AlterTableCmd);

					cmd->subtype = AT_SetNotNull;
					cmd->name = key->name;

					cmds = lappend(cmds, cmd);
				}
				ReleaseSysCache(atttuple);
			}
			else
			{
				/*
				 * This shouldn't happen during CREATE TABLE, but can happen
				 * during ALTER TABLE.	Keep message in sync with
				 * transformIndexConstraints() in parser/analyze.c.
				 */
				ereport(ERROR,
						(errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_COLUMN),
						 errmsg("column \"%s\" named in key does not exist",
								key->name)));
			}
		}

		/*
		 * XXX: Shouldn't the ALTER TABLE .. SET NOT NULL cascade to child
		 * tables?	Currently, since the PRIMARY KEY itself doesn't cascade,
		 * we don't cascade the notnull constraint(s) either; but this is
		 * pretty debatable.
		 *
		 * XXX: possible future improvement: when being called from ALTER
		 * TABLE, it would be more efficient to merge this with the outer
		 * ALTER TABLE, so as to avoid two scans.  But that seems to
		 * complicate DefineIndex's API unduly.
		 */
		if (cmds)
			AlterTableInternal(relationId, cmds, false);
	}

	/*
	 * Prepare arguments for index_create, primarily an IndexInfo structure.
	 * Note that ii_Predicate must be in implicit-AND format.
	 */
	indexInfo = makeNode(IndexInfo);
	indexInfo->ii_NumIndexAttrs = numberOfAttributes;
	indexInfo->ii_Expressions = NIL;	/* for now */
	indexInfo->ii_ExpressionsState = NIL;
	indexInfo->ii_Predicate = make_ands_implicit(predicate);
	indexInfo->ii_PredicateState = NIL;
	indexInfo->ii_Unique = unique;

	classObjectId = (Oid *) palloc(numberOfAttributes * sizeof(Oid));
	ComputeIndexAttrs(indexInfo, classObjectId, attributeList,
					  relationId, accessMethodName, accessMethodId,
					  isconstraint);

	heap_close(rel, NoLock);

	/*
	 * Report index creation if appropriate (delay this till after most of the