rtree.c

PostgreSQL 8.1.4的源码 适用于Linux下的开源数据库系统

	if (BufferGetBlockNumber(buffer) == P_ROOT)
	{
		leftbuf = ReadBuffer(r, P_NEW);
		RTInitBuffer(leftbuf, opaque->flags);
		lbknum = BufferGetBlockNumber(leftbuf);
		left = (Page) BufferGetPage(leftbuf);
	}
	else
	{
		leftbuf = buffer;
		IncrBufferRefCount(buffer);
		lbknum = BufferGetBlockNumber(buffer);
		left = (Page) PageGetTempPage(p, sizeof(RTreePageOpaqueData));
	}

	rightbuf = ReadBuffer(r, P_NEW);
	RTInitBuffer(rightbuf, opaque->flags);
	rbknum = BufferGetBlockNumber(rightbuf);
	right = (Page) BufferGetPage(rightbuf);

	spl_left = v.spl_left;
	spl_right = v.spl_right;
	leftoff = rightoff = FirstOffsetNumber;
	maxoff = PageGetMaxOffsetNumber(p);
	newitemoff = OffsetNumberNext(maxoff);

	/*
	 * spl_left contains a list of the offset numbers of the tuples that will
	 * go to the left page.  For each offset number, get the tuple item, then
	 * add the item to the left page.  Similarly for the right side.
	 */

	/* fill left node */
	for (n = 0; n < v.spl_nleft; n++)
	{
		i = *spl_left;
		if (i == newitemoff)
			item = itup;
		else
		{
			itemid = PageGetItemId(p, i);
			item = (IndexTuple) PageGetItem(p, itemid);
		}

		if (PageAddItem(left, (Item) item, IndexTupleSize(item),
						leftoff, LP_USED) == InvalidOffsetNumber)
			elog(ERROR, "failed to add index item to \"%s\"",
				 RelationGetRelationName(r));
		leftoff = OffsetNumberNext(leftoff);

		spl_left++;				/* advance in left split vector */
	}

	/* fill right node */
	for (n = 0; n < v.spl_nright; n++)
	{
		i = *spl_right;
		if (i == newitemoff)
			item = itup;
		else
		{
			itemid = PageGetItemId(p, i);
			item = (IndexTuple) PageGetItem(p, itemid);
		}

		if (PageAddItem(right, (Item) item, IndexTupleSize(item),
						rightoff, LP_USED) == InvalidOffsetNumber)
			elog(ERROR, "failed to add index item to \"%s\"",
				 RelationGetRelationName(r));
		rightoff = OffsetNumberNext(rightoff);

		spl_right++;			/* advance in right split vector */
	}

	/* Make sure we consumed all of the split vectors, and release 'em */
	Assert(*spl_left == InvalidOffsetNumber);
	Assert(*spl_right == InvalidOffsetNumber);
	pfree(v.spl_left);
	pfree(v.spl_right);

	if ((bufblock = BufferGetBlockNumber(buffer)) != P_ROOT)
		PageRestoreTempPage(left, p);
	WriteBuffer(leftbuf);
	WriteBuffer(rightbuf);

	/*
	 * Okay, the page is split.  We have three things left to do:
	 *
	 * 1)  Adjust any active scans on this index to cope with changes we
	 * introduced in its structure by splitting this page.
	 *
	 * 2)  "Tighten" the bounding box of the pointer to the left page in the
	 * parent node in the tree, if any.  Since we moved a bunch of stuff off
	 * the left page, we expect it to get smaller.	This happens in the
	 * internal insertion routine.
	 *
	 * 3)  Insert a pointer to the right page in the parent.  This may cause
	 * the parent to split.  If it does, we need to repeat steps one and two
	 * for each split node in the tree.
	 */

	/* adjust active scans */
	rtadjscans(r, RTOP_SPLIT, bufblock, FirstOffsetNumber);

	tupDesc = r->rd_att;
	isnull = (bool *) palloc(r->rd_rel->relnatts * sizeof(bool));
	memset(isnull, false, r->rd_rel->relnatts * sizeof(bool));

	ltup = index_form_tuple(tupDesc, &(v.spl_ldatum), isnull);
	rtup = index_form_tuple(tupDesc, &(v.spl_rdatum), isnull);

	pfree(isnull);
	pfree(DatumGetPointer(v.spl_ldatum));
	pfree(DatumGetPointer(v.spl_rdatum));

	/* set pointers to new child pages in the internal index tuples */
	ItemPointerSet(&(ltup->t_tid), lbknum, 1);
	ItemPointerSet(&(rtup->t_tid), rbknum, 1);

	rtintinsert(r, stack, ltup, rtup, rtstate);

	pfree(ltup);
	pfree(rtup);
}

static void
rtintinsert(Relation r,
			RTSTACK *stk,
			IndexTuple ltup,
			IndexTuple rtup,
			RTSTATE *rtstate)
{
	IndexTuple	old;
	Buffer		b;
	Page		p;
	Datum		ldatum,
				rdatum,
				newdatum;

	if (stk == NULL)
	{
		rtnewroot(r, ltup, rtup);
		return;
	}

	b = ReadBuffer(r, stk->rts_blk);
	p = BufferGetPage(b);
	old = (IndexTuple) PageGetItem(p, PageGetItemId(p, stk->rts_child));

	/*
	 * This is a hack.	Right now, we force rtree internal keys to be constant
	 * size. To fix this, need delete the old key and add both left and right
	 * for the two new pages.  The insertion of left may force a split if the
	 * new left key is bigger than the old key.
	 */

	if (IndexTupleSize(old) != IndexTupleSize(ltup))
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
				 errmsg("variable-length rtree keys are not supported")));

	/* install pointer to left child */
	memmove(old, ltup, IndexTupleSize(ltup));

	if (nospace(p, rtup))
	{
		newdatum = IndexTupleGetDatum(ltup);
		rttighten(r, stk->rts_parent, newdatum,
				  IndexTupleAttSize(ltup), rtstate);
		rtdosplit(r, b, stk->rts_parent, rtup, rtstate);
		WriteBuffer(b);			/* don't forget to release buffer!  - 01/31/94 */
	}
	else
	{
		if (PageAddItem(p, (Item) rtup, IndexTupleSize(rtup),
						PageGetMaxOffsetNumber(p),
						LP_USED) == InvalidOffsetNumber)
			elog(ERROR, "failed to add index item to \"%s\"",
				 RelationGetRelationName(r));
		WriteBuffer(b);
		ldatum = IndexTupleGetDatum(ltup);
		rdatum = IndexTupleGetDatum(rtup);
		newdatum = FunctionCall2(&rtstate->unionFn, ldatum, rdatum);

		rttighten(r, stk->rts_parent, newdatum,
				  IndexTupleAttSize(rtup), rtstate);

		pfree(DatumGetPointer(newdatum));
	}
}

static void
rtnewroot(Relation r, IndexTuple lt, IndexTuple rt)
{
	Buffer		b;
	Page		p;

	b = ReadBuffer(r, P_ROOT);
	RTInitBuffer(b, 0);
	p = BufferGetPage(b);
	if (PageAddItem(p, (Item) lt, IndexTupleSize(lt),
					FirstOffsetNumber,
					LP_USED) == InvalidOffsetNumber)
		elog(ERROR, "failed to add index item to \"%s\"",
			 RelationGetRelationName(r));
	if (PageAddItem(p, (Item) rt, IndexTupleSize(rt),
					OffsetNumberNext(FirstOffsetNumber),
					LP_USED) == InvalidOffsetNumber)
		elog(ERROR, "failed to add index item to \"%s\"",
			 RelationGetRelationName(r));
	WriteBuffer(b);
}

/*
 * Choose how to split an rtree page into two pages.
 *
 * We return two vectors of index item numbers, one for the items to be
 * put on the left page, one for the items to be put on the right page.
 * In addition, the item to be added (itup) is listed in the appropriate
 * vector.	It is represented by item number N+1 (N = # of items on page).
 *
 * Both vectors have a terminating sentinel value of InvalidOffsetNumber,
 * but the sentinal value is no longer used, because the SPLITVEC
 * vector also contains the length of each vector, and that information
 * is now used to iterate over them in rtdosplit(). --kbb, 21 Sept 2001
 *
 * The bounding-box datums for the two new pages are also returned in *v.
 *
 * This is the quadratic-cost split algorithm Guttman describes in
 * his paper.  The reason we chose it is that you can implement this
 * with less information about the data types on which you're operating.
 *
 * We must also deal with a consideration not found in Guttman's algorithm:
 * variable-length data.  In particular, the incoming item might be
 * large enough that not just any split will work.	In the worst case,
 * our "split" may have to be the new item on one page and all the existing
 * items on the other.	Short of that, we have to take care that we do not
 * make a split that leaves both pages too full for the new item.
 */
static void
rtpicksplit(Relation r,
			Page page,
			SPLITVEC *v,
			IndexTuple itup,
			RTSTATE *rtstate)
{
	OffsetNumber maxoff,
				newitemoff;
	OffsetNumber i,
				j;
	IndexTuple	item_1,
				item_2;
	Datum		datum_alpha,
				datum_beta;
	Datum		datum_l,
				datum_r;
	Datum		union_d,
				union_dl,
				union_dr;
	Datum		inter_d;
	bool		firsttime;
	float		size_alpha,
				size_beta,
				size_union,
				size_inter;
	float		size_waste,
				waste;
	float		size_l,
				size_r;
	int			nbytes;
	OffsetNumber seed_1 = 0,
				seed_2 = 0;
	OffsetNumber *left,
			   *right;
	Size		newitemsz,
				item_1_sz,
				item_2_sz,
				left_avail_space,
				right_avail_space;
	int			total_num_tuples,
				num_tuples_without_seeds,
				max_after_split;	/* in Guttman's lingo, (M - m) */
	float		diff;			/* diff between cost of putting tuple left or
								 * right */
	SPLITCOST  *cost_vector;
	int			n;

	/*
	 * First, make sure the new item is not so large that we can't possibly
	 * fit it on a page, even by itself.  (It's sufficient to make this test
	 * here, since any oversize tuple must lead to a page split attempt.)
	 */
	newitemsz = IndexTupleTotalSize(itup);
	if (newitemsz > RTPageAvailSpace)
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_PROGRAM_LIMIT_EXCEEDED),
				 errmsg("index row size %lu exceeds rtree maximum, %lu",
						(unsigned long) newitemsz,
						(unsigned long) RTPageAvailSpace),
			errhint("Values larger than a buffer page cannot be indexed.")));

	maxoff = PageGetMaxOffsetNumber(page);
	newitemoff = OffsetNumberNext(maxoff);		/* phony index for new item */
	total_num_tuples = newitemoff;
	num_tuples_without_seeds = total_num_tuples - 2;
	max_after_split = total_num_tuples / 2;		/* works for m = M/2 */

	/* Make arrays big enough for worst case, including sentinel */
	nbytes = (maxoff + 2) * sizeof(OffsetNumber);
	v->spl_left = (OffsetNumber *) palloc(nbytes);
	v->spl_right = (OffsetNumber *) palloc(nbytes);

	firsttime = true;
	waste = 0.0;

	for (i = FirstOffsetNumber; i < maxoff; i = OffsetNumberNext(i))
	{
		item_1 = (IndexTuple) PageGetItem(page, PageGetItemId(page, i));
		datum_alpha = IndexTupleGetDatum(item_1);
		item_1_sz = IndexTupleTotalSize(item_1);

		for (j = OffsetNumberNext(i); j <= maxoff; j = OffsetNumberNext(j))
		{
			item_2 = (IndexTuple) PageGetItem(page, PageGetItemId(page, j));
			datum_beta = IndexTupleGetDatum(item_2);
			item_2_sz = IndexTupleTotalSize(item_2);

			/*
			 * Ignore seed pairs that don't leave room for the new item on
			 * either split page.
			 */
			if (newitemsz + item_1_sz > RTPageAvailSpace &&
				newitemsz + item_2_sz > RTPageAvailSpace)
				continue;

			/* compute the wasted space by unioning these guys */
			union_d = FunctionCall2(&rtstate->unionFn,
									datum_alpha, datum_beta);
			FunctionCall2(&rtstate->sizeFn, union_d,
						  PointerGetDatum(&size_union));
			inter_d = FunctionCall2(&rtstate->interFn,
									datum_alpha, datum_beta);

			/*
			 * The interFn may return a NULL pointer (not an SQL null!) to
			 * indicate no intersection.  sizeFn must cope with this.
			 */
			FunctionCall2(&rtstate->sizeFn, inter_d,
						  PointerGetDatum(&size_inter));
			size_waste = size_union - size_inter;

			if (DatumGetPointer(union_d) != NULL)
				pfree(DatumGetPointer(union_d));
			if (DatumGetPointer(inter_d) != NULL)
				pfree(DatumGetPointer(inter_d));

			/*
			 * are these a more promising split that what we've already seen?
			 */
			if (size_waste > waste || firsttime)
			{
				waste = size_waste;
				seed_1 = i;
				seed_2 = j;
				firsttime = false;
			}
		}
	}

	if (firsttime)
	{
		/*
		 * There is no possible split except to put the new item on its own
		 * page.  Since we still have to compute the union rectangles, we play
		 * dumb and run through the split algorithm anyway, setting seed_1 =
		 * first item on page and seed_2 = new item.
		 */
		seed_1 = FirstOffsetNumber;
		seed_2 = newitemoff;
	}

	item_1 = (IndexTuple) PageGetItem(page, PageGetItemId(page, seed_1));
	datum_alpha = IndexTupleGetDatum(item_1);
	datum_l = FunctionCall2(&rtstate->unionFn, datum_alpha, datum_alpha);
	FunctionCall2(&rtstate->sizeFn, datum_l, PointerGetDatum(&size_l));
	left_avail_space = RTPageAvailSpace - IndexTupleTotalSize(item_1);

	if (seed_2 == newitemoff)
	{
		item_2 = itup;
		/* Needn't leave room for new item in calculations below */
		newitemsz = 0;
	}
	else
		item_2 = (IndexTuple) PageGetItem(page, PageGetItemId(page, seed_2));
	datum_beta = IndexTupleGetDatum(item_2);
	datum_r = FunctionCall2(&rtstate->unionFn, datum_beta, datum_beta);
	FunctionCall2(&rtstate->sizeFn, datum_r, PointerGetDatum(&size_r));
	right_avail_space = RTPageAvailSpace - IndexTupleTotalSize(item_2);

	/*
	 * Now split up the regions between the two seeds.
	 *
	 * The cost_vector array will contain hints for determining where each
	 * tuple should go.  Each record in the array will contain a boolean,
	 * choose_left, that indicates which node the tuple prefers to be on, and
	 * the absolute difference in cost between putting the tuple in its
	 * favored node and in the other node.
	 *
	 * Later, we will sort the cost_vector in descending order by cost
	 * difference, and consider the tuples in that order for placement. That
	 * way, the tuples that *really* want to be in one node or the other get
	 * to choose first, and the tuples that don't really care choose last.
	 *
	 * First, build the cost_vector array.	The new index tuple will also be
	 * handled in this loop, and represented in the array, with i==newitemoff.
	 *
	 * In the case of variable size tuples it is possible that we only have
	 * the two seeds and no other tuples, in which case we don't do any of
	 * this cost_vector stuff.
	 */

	/* to keep compiler quiet */
	cost_vector = NULL;

	if (num_tuples_without_seeds > 0)
	{
		cost_vector =
			(SPLITCOST *) palloc(num_tuples_without_seeds * sizeof(SPLITCOST));
		n = 0;
		for (i = FirstOffsetNumber; i <= newitemoff; i = OffsetNumberNext(i))
		{
			/* Compute new union datums and sizes for both choices */