cdrecord.1..txt

另一种方法编辑刻录程序的代码!要的与偶联系呀

Creating a CD-ROM without file system image on disk has been tested
on a Sparcstation-2 with a Yamaha CDR-400. It did work up to quad speed
when the machine was not loaded.
A faster machine may be able to handle quad speed also in the loaded case.
.PP
To record a pure CD-DA (audio) at single speed, with each track contained
in a file named
.IR track01.cdaudio ,
.IR track02.cdaudio ,
etc:
.PP
    cdrecord \-v speed=1 dev=2,0 -audio track*.cdaudio
.PP
To check if it will be ok to use double speed for the example above. 
Use the dummy write option:
.PP
    cdrecord \-v \-dummy speed=2 dev=2,0 \-audio track*.cdaudio
.PP
To record a mixed-mode CD with an ISO 9660 filesystem from
.I cdimage.raw
on the first track, the other tracks being audio tracks from the files
.IR track01.cdaudio ,
.IR track02.cdaudio ,
etc:
.PP
    cdrecord \-v \-dummy dev=2,0 cdimage.raw \-audio track*.cdaudio
.PP
To handle drives that need to know the size of a track before starting to write,
first run
.PP
    mkisofs -R -q -print-size /master/tree
.PP
and then run
.PP
    mkisofs -R /master/tree | cdrecord speed=2 dev=2,0 tsize=XXXs -
.PP
where 
.I XXX
is replaced by the output of the previous run of mkisofs.

.SH SEE ALSO
.BR mkisofs (1),
.BR scg (7),
.BR fbk (7).

.SH NOTES
The current version of
.B cdrecord
will only record
.B "track at once
Discs.
If the so made disks contain more than one track,
they are not suitable for direct mass production by CD manufacturers.
You will need the 
.B "disk at once
option to record such disks.
Nevertheless the disks made with
.B cdrecord
will normally be read in all CD players. Some old
audio CD players however may produce a two second click between two audio tracks.
.PP
The minimal size of a track is 4 seconds or 300 sectors. If you write 
smaller tracks, the CD-Recorder will add dummy blocks. This is not an
error, even though the SCSI-error message looks this way.
.PP
.B Cdrecord
has been tested on an upgraded Philips CDD-521 recorder at single and 
double speed on a SparcStation 20/502 with no problems, slower computer systems
should work also. 
The newer Philips/HP/Plasmon/Grundig
drives as well as Yamaha CDR-100 and CDR-102 work also. The Plasmon RF-4100
work, but has not tested in multi session.
A Philips CDD-521 that has not been upgraded will not work.
The Sony CDU-924 has been tested, but does not support XA-mode2 in hardware.
The sony therefore cannot create conforming multi session disks.
The Ricoh RO-1420C works, but some people seem to have problems to 
use them with speed=2, try speed=0 in this case.
.PP
The Yamaha CDR-400 and all new SCSI-3/mmc conforming drives are supported
in single and multi-session.
.PP
You should run several tests in all supported speeds of your drive with the
.B \-dummy
option turned on if you are using 
.B cdrecord
on an unknown system. Writing a CD is a realtime process. 
.B NFS
will not always deliver constantly the needed data rates.
If you want to use 
.B cdrecord 
with CD-images that are located on a
.B NFS
mounted filesystem, be sure that the fifo size is big enough.
I used
.B cdrecord 
with with medium load on a SS20/502 and even at quad speed 
on a Sparcstation-2 which was heavily loaded, 
but it is recommended to leave the system
as lightly loaded as possible while writing a CD.
If you want to make sure that buffer underrungs are not
caused by your source disk, you may use the command
.PP
.B "    cdrecord -dummy dev=2,0 padsize=600m /dev/null
.PP
to create a disk that is entirely made of dummy data.
.B Cdrecord
needs to run as root to get access to the 
.B /dev/scg?
device nodes and to be able to lock itself into memory.
.PP
If you don't want to allow users to become root on your system,
.B cdrecord
may safely be installed suid root. This allows all users or a group of
users with no root privileges to use 
.B cdrecord.
.B Cdrecord 
in this case checks, if the real user would have been able to read 
the specified files.
To give all user access to use 
.B cdrecord, 
enter:
.PP
	chmod 4711 /usr/local/bin/cdrecord
.PP
To give a restricted group of users access to cdrecord enter:
.PP
	chmod 4710 /usr/local/bin/cdrecord
.br
	chgrp cdburners /usr/local/bin/cdrecord
.PP
and add a group 
.I cdburners
on your system.
.PP
Never give write permissions for non root users to the 
.I /dev/scg?
devices unless you would allow anybody to read/write/format
all your disks.
.PP
You should not connect old drives that do not support
disconnect/reconnect to either the SCSI bus that is connected to the
CD-Recorder or the source disk.
.PP
A Compact Disc can have no more than 99 tracks.
.PP
When creating a disc with both audio and data tracks, 
the data should be on track 1 otherwise you should create
a CDplus disk which is a multi session disk with the first session 
containing the audio tracks and the following session containing the data track.
.PP
Many operating systems are not able to read more than a single data track, or
need special software to do so.
.PP
More information on the SCSI command set of a HP CD-Recorder can be found at:
.PP
	http://www.hp.com/isgsupport/cdr/index.html
.PP
If you have more information or SCSI command manuals for currently 
unsupported CD-Recorders please contact the author.
.PP
The Philips CDD 521 CD-Recorder (even in the upgraded version)
has several firmware bugs. Some of them will
force you to power cycle the device or to reboot the machine.
.PP
When using 
.B cdrecord
with the broken 
.B "Linux SCSI generic driver."
You should note that 
.B cdrecord
uses a hack, that tries to emulate the functionality of the scg driver.
Unfortunately, the sg driver on 
.B Linux
has several severe bugs:
.TP
\(bu
It cannot see if a SCSI command could not be sent at all.
.TP
\(bu
It cannot get the SCSI status byte. 
.B Cdrecord
for that reason cannot report failing SCSI commands in some
situations.
.TP
\(bu
It cannot get real DMA count of transfer. 
.B Cdrecord
cannot tell you if there is an DMA residual count.
.TP
\(bu
It cannot get number of bytes valid in auto sense data.
.B Cdrecord
cannot tell you if device transfers no sense data at all.
.TP
\(bu
It fetches to few data in auto request sense (CCS/SCSI-2/SCSI-3 needs >= 18).
.PP
The fifo percent output is computed just after a block of data has been written
to the CD-Recorder. For this reason, there will never be 100% fifo fill,
while the fifo is in streaming mode.

.SH DIAGNOSTICS
.PP
You have 9 seconds to type ^C to abort 
.B cdrecord
after you see the message:
.PP
Starting to write CD at speed %d in %s mode for %s session.
.PP
A typical error message for a SCSI command looks like:
.sp
.RS
.nf
cdrecord: I/O error. test unit ready: scsi sendcmd: no error
CDB:  00 20 00 00 00 00
status: 0x2 (CHECK CONDITION)
Sense Bytes: 70 00 05 00 00 00 00 0A 00 00 00 00 25 00 00 00 00 00
Sense Key: 0x5 Illegal Request, Segment 0
Sense Code: 0x25 Qual 0x00 (logical unit not supported) Fru 0x0
Sense flags: Blk 0 (not valid)
.fi
.sp
.RE
The first line gives information about the transport of the command.
The text after the first colon gives the error text for the system call
from the view of the kernel. It usually is:
.B "I/O error
unless other problems happen. The next words contain a short description for
the SCSI command that fails. The rest of the line tells you if there were
any problems for the transport of the command over the SCSI bus.
.B "fatal error
means that it was not possible to transport the command (i.e. no device present
at the requested SCSI address).
.PP
The second line prints the SCSI command descriptor block for the failed command.
.PP
The third line gives information on the SCSI status code returned by the 
command, if the transport of the command succeeds. 
This is error information from the SCSI device.
.PP
The fourth line is a hex dump of the auto request sense information for the 
command.
.PP
The fifth line is the error text for the sense key if available, followed
by the segment number that is only valid if the command was a
.I copy
command. If the error message is not directly related to the current command,
the text
.I deferred error
is appended.
.PP
The sixth line is the error text for the sense code and the sense qualifier if available.
If the type of the device is known, the sense data is decoded from tables
in
.IR scsierrs.c " .
The text is followed by the error value for a field replaceable unit.
.PP
The seventh line prints the block number that is related to the failed command
and text for several error flags. The block number may not be valid.
.PP
The following message is not an error:
..sp
.RS
.nf
Track 01: Total bytes read/written: 2048/2048 (1 sectors).
cdrecord: I/O error. flush cache: scsi sendcmd: no error
CDB:  35 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
status: 0x2 (CHECK CONDITION)
Sense Bytes: F0 00 05 80 00 00 27 0A 00 00 00 00 B5 00 00 00 00 00
Sense Key: 0x5 Illegal Request, Segment 0
Sense Code: 0xB5 Qual 0x00 (dummy data blocks added) Fru 0x0
Sense flags: Blk -2147483609 (valid)
.fi
.sp
.RE
It simply notifies, that a track that is smaller than the minimum size has been
expanded to 300 sectors.
.SH BUGS
.PP
.B Cdrecord
has even more options than 
.BR ls .
.PP
.B Cdrecord
currently only warns if the input data will not fit on the disk.
If you don't abort the command you will get unpredictable results.
.PP
There should be an option to write index numbers for audio tracks.
.PP
There should be a recover option to make disks usable, that have been written
during a power failure.

.SH CREDITS
.PP
.TP 15
Bill Swartz	([e-mail])
.br
For helping me with the TEAC driver support
.TP
Aaron Newsome	([e-mail])
.br
For letting me develop Sony support on his drive
.TP
Eric Youngdale	([e-mail])
.br
For supplying mkisofs
.TP
Gadi Oxman	([e-mail])
.br
For tips on the ATAPI standard
.TP
Finn Arne Gangstad	([e-mail])
.br
For the first FIFO implementation.
.TP
Dave Platt	([e-mail])
.br
For creating the experimental packet writing support,
the first implementation of CD-RW blanking support,
the first .wav file decoder 
and many nice discussions on cdrecord.
.TP
Chris P. Ross" ([e-mail])
.br
For the first implementation os a BSDI SCSI rtansport.
.TP
Grant R. Guenther   ([e-mail])
.br
For creating the first parallel port transport implementation
for Linux.

.SH "MAILING LISTS
If you want to actively take part on the development of cdrecord,
you may join the cdwriting mailing list by sending mail to:
.nf
.sp
	[e-mail]
.sp
.fi
and include the word 
.I subscribe
in the body.
The mail address of the list is:
.nf
.sp
	[e-mail]
.fi

.SH AUTHOR
.nf
J\*org Schilling
Seestr. 110
D-13353 Berlin
Germany
.fi
.PP
Additional information can be found on:
.br
http://www.fokus.gmd.de/nthp/employees/schilling/cdrecord.html
.PP
Mail bugs and suggestions to:
.PP
.B
[e-mail]
or
.B
[e-mail]
or
.B
[e-mail]