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<html><head><title>Socket (Programming Perl)</title><!-- STYLESHEET --><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../style/style1.css"><!-- METADATA --><!--Dublin Core Metadata--><meta name="DC.Creator" content=""><meta name="DC.Date" content=""><meta name="DC.Format" content="text/xml" scheme="MIME"><meta name="DC.Generator" content="XSLT stylesheet, xt by James Clark"><meta name="DC.Identifier" content=""><meta name="DC.Language" content="en-US"><meta name="DC.Publisher" content="O'Reilly & Associates, Inc."><meta name="DC.Source" content="" scheme="ISBN"><meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content=""><meta name="DC.Title" content="Socket"><meta name="DC.Type" content="Text.Monograph"></head><body><!-- START OF BODY --><!-- TOP BANNER --><img src="gifs/smbanner.gif" usemap="#banner-map" border="0" alt="Book Home"><map name="banner-map"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="0,0,466,71" HREF="index.htm" ALT="Programming Perl"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="467,0,514,18" HREF="jobjects/fsearch.htm" ALT="Search this book"></map><!-- TOP NAV BAR --><div class="navbar"><table width="515" border="0"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="172"><a href="ch32_37.htm"><img src="../gifs/txtpreva.gif" alt="Previous" border="0"></a></td><td align="center" valign="top" width="171"><a href="ch32_01.htm">Chapter 32: Standard Modules</a></td><td align="right" valign="top" width="172"><a href="ch32_39.htm"><img src="../gifs/txtnexta.gif" alt="Next" border="0"></a></td></tr></table></div><hr width="515" align="left"><!-- SECTION BODY --><h2 class="sect1">32.38. Socket</h2><p><blockquote><pre class="programlisting">use Socket;$proto = getprotobyname('udp');socket(<em class="replaceable">SOCK</em>, PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, $proto) or die "socket: $!";$iaddr = gethostbyname('hishost.com');$port = getservbyname('time', 'udp');$sin = sockaddr_in($port, $iaddr);send(<em class="replaceable">SOCK</em>, 0, 0, $sin) or die "send: $!";$proto = getprotobyname('tcp');socket(<em class="replaceable">SOCK</em>, PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, $proto) or die "socket: $!";$port = getservbyname('smtp', 'tcp');$sin = sockaddr_in($port,inet_aton("127.1"));$sin = sockaddr_in(7,inet_aton("localhost"));$sin = sockaddr_in(7,INADDR_LOOPBACK);connect(<em class="replaceable">SOCK</em>,$sin) or die "connect: $!";($port, $iaddr) = sockaddr_in(getpeername(<em class="replaceable">SOCK</em>));$peer_host = gethostbyaddr($iaddr, AF_INET);$peer_addr = inet_ntoa($iaddr);$proto = getprotobyname('tcp');socket(<em class="replaceable">SOCK</em>, PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, $proto) or die "connect: $!";unlink('/tmp/usock'); # XXX: intentionally ignore failure$sun = sockaddr_un('/tmp/usock');connect(<em class="replaceable">SOCK</em>,$sun) or die "connect: $!";use Socket qw(:DEFAULT :crlf);# Now you can use CR(), LF(), and CRLF() or# $CR, $LF, and $CRLF for line-endings.</pre></blockquote>The <tt class="literal">Socket</tt> module provides access to constants from the C library's<em class="emphasis">sys/socket.h</em><tt class="literal">#include</tt> file to use with Perl's low-level socketfunctions. It also provides two functions, <tt class="literal">inet_aton</tt> and<tt class="literal">inet_ntoa</tt>, to convert between ASCII (like "127.0.0.1") and packednetwork representations of IP addresses, and two special packer/unpackerfunctions, <tt class="literal">sockaddr_in</tt> and <tt class="literal">sockaddr_un</tt>, which manipulate thebinary socket addresses needed by those low-level calls. The<tt class="literal">:crlf</tt> import tag gives symbolic names for the various end-of-lineconventions so you don't have to rely upon native interpretationsof <tt class="literal">\r</tt> and <tt class="literal">\n</tt>, which vary. Most Internet protocols preferCRLF but tolerate LF. The standard <tt class="literal">IO::Socket</tt> module providesa higher-level interface to TCP. See <a href="ch16_01.htm">Chapter 16, "Interprocess Communication"</a>.</p><!-- BOTTOM NAV BAR --><hr width="515" align="left"><div class="navbar"><table width="515" border="0"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="172"><a href="ch32_37.htm"><img src="../gifs/txtpreva.gif" alt="Previous" border="0"></a></td><td align="center" valign="top" width="171"><a href="index.htm"><img src="../gifs/txthome.gif" alt="Home" border="0"></a></td><td align="right" valign="top" width="172"><a href="ch32_39.htm"><img src="../gifs/txtnexta.gif" alt="Next" border="0"></a></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="172">32.37. Safe</td><td align="center" valign="top" width="171"><a href="index/index.htm"><img src="../gifs/index.gif" alt="Book Index" border="0"></a></td><td align="right" valign="top" width="172">32.39. Symbol</td></tr></table></div><hr width="515" align="left"><!-- LIBRARY NAV BAR --><img src="../gifs/smnavbar.gif" usemap="#library-map" border="0" alt="Library Navigation Links"><p><font size="-1"><a href="copyrght.htm">Copyright © 2001</a> O'Reilly & Associates. All rights reserved.</font></p><map name="library-map"> <area shape="rect" coords="2,-1,79,99" href="../index.htm"><area shape="rect" coords="84,1,157,108" href="../perlnut/index.htm"><area shape="rect" coords="162,2,248,125" href="../prog/index.htm"><area shape="rect" coords="253,2,326,130" href="../advprog/index.htm"><area shape="rect" coords="332,1,407,112" href="../cookbook/index.htm"><area shape="rect" coords="414,2,523,103" href="../sysadmin/index.htm"></map><!-- END OF BODY --></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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