📄 the java game programming tutorial part i.htm
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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>The Java Game Programming Tutorial: Part I</TITLE>
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<H2>Part I: What about Applets?</H2>
<UL>
<P>Applets are compiled Java programs which are run through the<BR>Applet
Viewer or through any world wide web browser which<BR>supports Java. Applets
are considered quite "safe" because of<BR>their limited file and network
access, and are nevertheless impressive. </P>
<P>Each applet contains five functions to be called during its existence:</P>
<UL>
<LI><B>init</B> - called when applet is first loaded to initialize values
such as sounds.
<LI><B>start</B> - called after init is finished to perform task such as
playing a sound.
<LI><B>stop</B> - called when user leaves web page to stop actions in
progress from start.
<LI><B>destroy</B> - called when browser is quit to release system resources
used by applet.
<LI><B>paint</B> - called whenever the screen is redrawn. </LI></UL>
<P>These will often be rewritten but an applet still has a default function
for each.</P>
<P>The Java programmer writes the applet source code in files with<BR>the
.java extension. The resulting compiled files have the same<BR>name with the
.class extension. </P>
<P>eg.) Hello.java will be compiled into Hello.class </P>
<P>Here is the Java code for a tiny applet which draws a message: </P>
<UL><PRE><B><TT>// Hello.java
// by Garry Morse
import java.awt.*;
import java.applet.*;
public class Hello extends Applet {
public void paint(Graphics g) {
g.drawString("Hello there!",10,10);
}
}</TT></B></PRE></UL>
<P>The import statements are common to all applets which inherit
the<BR>functionality of Java classes. Here, our class Hello is declared <BR>as
a subclass of the Applet class. For C/C++ programmers, this is<BR>rather like
the #include statement for header files. </P>
<P>Since users of the world wide web are viewing pages coded in<BR>HTML, it
seems logical that Java applets are embedded in these<BR>pages through the use
of the <APPLET> tag.</P>
<P>Here is the HTML for a blank web page containing a Java applet: </P>
<UL><PRE><B><HTML>
<APPLET CODE="Hello.class" WIDTH=200 HEIGHT=50>
</APPLET>
</HTML></B></PRE></UL>
<P>There are required tags which follow the applet tag:</P>
<UL>
<P><B>CODE</B> - filename of executable code with class extension.
(required)<BR><B>WIDTH</B> - width of the window to open for the applet.
(required)<BR><B>HEIGHT</B> - height of the window to open for the applet.
(required) </P></UL>
<P>These are other tags which will appear in later examples: </P>
<UL>
<P><B>ALT</B> - alternate image or text for web browsers which are not
Java-capable.<BR><B>ALIGN</B> - position applet on web page, left, right, or
center.<BR><B>CODEBASE</B> - location of Java code if in different directory
than HTML page.<BR><B>HSPACE</B> - amount of horizontal space around an
aligned applet.<BR><B>NAME</B> - symbolic name for applets on same page to
refer to one another by.<BR><B>PARAM</B> - repeated for applets designed to
take parameters such as filenames.<BR><B>VSPACE</B> - amount of vertical
space around an aligned applet. </P></UL></UL>
<P><FONT size=+1><A
href="http://www.intergate.bc.ca/personal/iago/javatut/hello.htm">Click here to
see the Hello applet in action!</A></FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#b3b3ff><FONT size=-2>The Java Game Programming Tutorial and all
tutorials within are created by Garry Morse, Copyright
1997</FONT></FONT></P></BODY></HTML>
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