loader.c

自己写的c语言版的软件实现cpu的pipeline功能的程序。对于学习体系结构的同仁有好处。

/* loader.c - program loader routines */

/* SimpleScalar(TM) Tool Suite
 * Copyright (C) 1994-2003 by Todd M. Austin, Ph.D. and SimpleScalar, LLC.
 * All Rights Reserved. 
 * 
 * THIS IS A LEGAL DOCUMENT, BY USING SIMPLESCALAR,
 * YOU ARE AGREEING TO THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS.
 * 
 * No portion of this work may be used by any commercial entity, or for any
 * commercial purpose, without the prior, written permission of SimpleScalar,
 * LLC ([e-mail]). Nonprofit and noncommercial use is permitted
 * as described below.
 * 
 * 1. SimpleScalar is provided AS IS, with no warranty of any kind, express
 * or implied. The user of the program accepts full responsibility for the
 * application of the program and the use of any results.
 * 
 * 2. Nonprofit and noncommercial use is encouraged. SimpleScalar may be
 * downloaded, compiled, executed, copied, and modified solely for nonprofit,
 * educational, noncommercial research, and noncommercial scholarship
 * purposes provided that this notice in its entirety accompanies all copies.
 * Copies of the modified software can be delivered to persons who use it
 * solely for nonprofit, educational, noncommercial research, and
 * noncommercial scholarship purposes provided that this notice in its
 * entirety accompanies all copies.
 * 
 * 3. ALL COMMERCIAL USE, AND ALL USE BY FOR PROFIT ENTITIES, IS EXPRESSLY
 * PROHIBITED WITHOUT A LICENSE FROM SIMPLESCALAR, LLC ([e-mail]).
 * 
 * 4. No nonprofit user may place any restrictions on the use of this software,
 * including as modified by the user, by any other authorized user.
 * 
 * 5. Noncommercial and nonprofit users may distribute copies of SimpleScalar
 * in compiled or executable form as set forth in Section 2, provided that
 * either: (A) it is accompanied by the corresponding machine-readable source
 * code, or (B) it is accompanied by a written offer, with no time limit, to
 * give anyone a machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code in
 * return for reimbursement of the cost of distribution. This written offer
 * must permit verbatim duplication by anyone, or (C) it is distributed by
 * someone who received only the executable form, and is accompanied by a
 * copy of the written offer of source code.
 * 
 * 6. SimpleScalar was developed by Todd M. Austin, Ph.D. The tool suite is
 * currently maintained by SimpleScalar LLC ([e-mail]). US Mail:
 * 2395 Timbercrest Court, Ann Arbor, MI 48105.
 * 
 * Copyright (C) 1994-2003 by Todd M. Austin, Ph.D. and SimpleScalar, LLC.
 */


#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#include "host.h"
#include "misc.h"
#include "machine.h"
#include "endian.h"
#include "regs.h"
#include "memory.h"
#include "sim.h"
#include "eio.h"
#include "loader.h"

#ifdef BFD_LOADER
#include <bfd.h>
#else /* !BFD_LOADER */
#include "target-pisa/ecoff.h"
#endif /* BFD_LOADER */

/* amount of tail padding added to all loaded text segments */
#define TEXT_TAIL_PADDING 128

/* program text (code) segment base */
md_addr_t ld_text_base = 0;

/* program text (code) size in bytes */
unsigned int ld_text_size = 0;

/* program initialized data segment base */
md_addr_t ld_data_base = 0;

/* program initialized ".data" and uninitialized ".bss" size in bytes */
unsigned int ld_data_size = 0;

/* top of the data segment */
md_addr_t ld_brk_point = 0;

/* program stack segment base (highest address in stack) */
md_addr_t ld_stack_base = MD_STACK_BASE;

/* program initial stack size */
unsigned int ld_stack_size = 0;

/* lowest address accessed on the stack */
md_addr_t ld_stack_min = (md_addr_t)-1;

/* program file name */
char *ld_prog_fname = NULL;

/* program entry point (initial PC) */
md_addr_t ld_prog_entry = 0;

/* program environment base address address */
md_addr_t ld_environ_base = 0;

/* target executable endian-ness, non-zero if big endian */
int ld_target_big_endian;

/* register simulator-specific statistics */
void
ld_reg_stats(struct stat_sdb_t *sdb)	/* stats data base */
{
  stat_reg_addr(sdb, "ld_text_base",
		"program text (code) segment base",
		&ld_text_base, ld_text_base, "  0x%08p");
  stat_reg_uint(sdb, "ld_text_size",
		"program text (code) size in bytes",
		&ld_text_size, ld_text_size, NULL);
  stat_reg_addr(sdb, "ld_data_base",
		"program initialized data segment base",
		&ld_data_base, ld_data_base, "  0x%08p");
  stat_reg_uint(sdb, "ld_data_size",
		"program init'ed `.data' and uninit'ed `.bss' size in bytes",
		&ld_data_size, ld_data_size, NULL);
  stat_reg_addr(sdb, "ld_stack_base",
		"program stack segment base (highest address in stack)",
		&ld_stack_base, ld_stack_base, "  0x%08p");
  stat_reg_uint(sdb, "ld_stack_size",
		"program initial stack size",
		&ld_stack_size, ld_stack_size, NULL);
#if 0 /* FIXME: broken... */
  stat_reg_addr(sdb, "ld_stack_min",
		"program stack segment lowest address",
		&ld_stack_min, ld_stack_min, "  0x%08p");
#endif
  stat_reg_addr(sdb, "ld_prog_entry",
		"program entry point (initial PC)",
		&ld_prog_entry, ld_prog_entry, "  0x%08p");
  stat_reg_addr(sdb, "ld_environ_base",
		"program environment base address address",
		&ld_environ_base, ld_environ_base, "  0x%08p");
  stat_reg_int(sdb, "ld_target_big_endian",
	       "target executable endian-ness, non-zero if big endian",
	       &ld_target_big_endian, ld_target_big_endian, NULL);
}


/* load program text and initialized data into simulated virtual memory
   space and initialize program segment range variables */
void
ld_load_prog(char *fname,		/* program to load */
	     int argc, char **argv,	/* simulated program cmd line args */
	     char **envp,		/* simulated program environment */
	     struct regs_t *regs,	/* registers to initialize for load */
	     struct mem_t *mem,		/* memory space to load prog into */
	     int zero_bss_segs)		/* zero uninit data segment? */
{
  int i;
  word_t temp;
  md_addr_t sp, data_break = 0, null_ptr = 0, argv_addr, envp_addr;

  if (eio_valid(fname))
    {
      if (argc != 1)
	{
	  fprintf(stderr, "error: EIO file has arguments\n");
	  exit(1);
	}

      fprintf(stderr, "sim: loading EIO file: %s\n", fname);

      sim_eio_fname = mystrdup(fname);

      /* open the EIO file stream */
      sim_eio_fd = eio_open(fname);

      /* load initial state checkpoint */
      if (eio_read_chkpt(regs, mem, sim_eio_fd) != -1)
	fatal("bad initial checkpoint in EIO file");

      /* load checkpoint? */
      if (sim_chkpt_fname != NULL)
	{
	  counter_t restore_icnt;

	  FILE *chkpt_fd;

	  fprintf(stderr, "sim: loading checkpoint file: %s\n",
		  sim_chkpt_fname);

	  if (!eio_valid(sim_chkpt_fname))
	    fatal("file `%s' does not appear to be a checkpoint file",
		  sim_chkpt_fname);

	  /* open the checkpoint file */
	  chkpt_fd = eio_open(sim_chkpt_fname);

	  /* load the state image */
	  restore_icnt = eio_read_chkpt(regs, mem, chkpt_fd);

	  /* fast forward the baseline EIO trace to checkpoint location */
	  myfprintf(stderr, "sim: fast forwarding to instruction %n\n",
		    restore_icnt);
	  eio_fast_forward(sim_eio_fd, restore_icnt);
	}

      /* computed state... */
      ld_environ_base = regs->regs_R[MD_REG_SP];
      ld_prog_entry = regs->regs_PC;

      /* fini... */
      return;
    }
#ifdef MD_CROSS_ENDIAN
  else
    {
      fatal("SimpleScalar/PISA only supports binary execution on\n"
	    "       same-endian hosts, use EIO files on cross-endian hosts");
    }
#endif /* MD_CROSS_ENDIAN */


  if (sim_chkpt_fname != NULL)
    fatal("checkpoints only supported while EIO tracing");

#ifdef BFD_LOADER

  {
    bfd *abfd;
    asection *sect;

    /* set up a local stack pointer, this is where the argv and envp
       data is written into program memory */
    ld_stack_base = MD_STACK_BASE;
    sp = ROUND_DOWN(MD_STACK_BASE - MD_MAX_ENVIRON, sizeof(dfloat_t));
    ld_stack_size = ld_stack_base - sp;

    /* initial stack pointer value */
    ld_environ_base = sp;

    /* load the program into memory, try both endians */
    if (!(abfd = bfd_openr(argv[0], "ss-coff-big")))
      if (!(abfd = bfd_openr(argv[0], "ss-coff-little")))
	fatal("cannot open executable `%s'", argv[0]);

    /* this call is mainly for its side effect of reading in the sections.
       we follow the traditional behavior of `strings' in that we don't
       complain if we don't recognize a file to be an object file.  */
    if (!bfd_check_format(abfd, bfd_object))
      {
	bfd_close(abfd);
	fatal("cannot open executable `%s'", argv[0]);
      }

    /* record profile file name */
    ld_prog_fname = argv[0];

    /* record endian of target */
    ld_target_big_endian = abfd->xvec->byteorder_big_p;

    debug("processing %d sections in `%s'...",
	  bfd_count_sections(abfd), argv[0]);

    /* read all sections in file */
    for (sect=abfd->sections; sect; sect=sect->next)
      {
	char *p;

	debug("processing section `%s', %d bytes @ 0x%08x...",
	      bfd_section_name(abfd, sect), bfd_section_size(abfd, sect),
	      bfd_section_vma(abfd, sect));

	/* read the section data, if allocated and loadable and non-NULL */
	if ((bfd_get_section_flags(abfd, sect) & SEC_ALLOC)
	    && (bfd_get_section_flags(abfd, sect) & SEC_LOAD)
	    && bfd_section_vma(abfd, sect)
	    && bfd_section_size(abfd, sect))
	  {
	    /* allocate a section buffer */
	    p = calloc(bfd_section_size(abfd, sect), sizeof(char));
	    if (!p)
	      fatal("cannot allocate %d bytes for section `%s'",
		    bfd_section_size(abfd, sect),
		    bfd_section_name(abfd, sect));

	    if (!bfd_get_section_contents(abfd, sect, p, (file_ptr)0,
					  bfd_section_size(abfd, sect)))
	      fatal("could not read entire `%s' section from executable",
		    bfd_section_name(abfd, sect));

	    /* copy program section it into simulator target memory */
	    mem_bcopy(mem_access, mem, Write, bfd_section_vma(abfd, sect),
		      p, bfd_section_size(abfd, sect));

	    /* release the section buffer */
	    free(p);
	  }
	/* zero out the section if it is loadable but not allocated in exec */
	else if (zero_bss_segs
		 && (bfd_get_section_flags(abfd, sect) & SEC_LOAD)
		 && bfd_section_vma(abfd, sect)
		 && bfd_section_size(abfd, sect))
	  {
	    /* zero out the section region */
	    mem_bzero(mem_access, mem,
		      bfd_section_vma(abfd, sect),
		      bfd_section_size(abfd, sect));
	  }
	else
	  {
	    /* else do nothing with this section, it's probably debug data */
	    debug("ignoring section `%s' during load...",
		  bfd_section_name(abfd, sect));
	  }

	/* expected text section */
	if (!strcmp(bfd_section_name(abfd, sect), ".text"))
	  {
	    /* .text section processing */
	    ld_text_size =
	      ((bfd_section_vma(abfd, sect) + bfd_section_size(abfd, sect))
	       - MD_TEXT_BASE)
		+ /* for speculative fetches/decodes */TEXT_TAIL_PADDING;

	    /* create tail padding and copy into simulator target memory */
	    mem_bzero(mem_access, mem,
		      bfd_section_vma(abfd, sect)
		      + bfd_section_size(abfd, sect),
		      TEXT_TAIL_PADDING);
	  }
	/* expected data sections */
	else if (!strcmp(bfd_section_name(abfd, sect), ".rdata")
		 || !strcmp(bfd_section_name(abfd, sect), ".data")