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<td width="238" bgcolor="#000000" height="20"><p align="right"></font><span style="text-decoration: none"><a href="../../index.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">电脑报Visual
C++网络教程</font></a></span></td>
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</center></div><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"><b><p ALIGN="CENTER"></b></font><font color="#3973DE" FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">6.2</font><font color="#3973DE"><font SIZE="3"> 新的</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">Win32</font><font SIZE="3">控件</font></font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"></p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></font><font SIZE="3">从</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">Windows
95</font><font SIZE="3">和</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">Windows NT 3.51</font><font SIZE="3">版开始，</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">Windows</font><font SIZE="3">提供了一些先进的</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">Win32</font><font SIZE="3">控件．这些新控件弥补了传统控件的某些不足之处，并使</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">Windows</font><font SIZE="3">的界面丰富多彩且更加友好．</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">MFC</font><font SIZE="3">的新控件类封装了这些控件，新控件及其对应的控件类如表</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">6.21</font><font SIZE="3">所示．</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"></p>
</font><b><font SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="CENTER">表</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">6.21
</font><font SIZE="3">新的</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">Win32</font><font SIZE="3">控件及其控件类</font></b></p>
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<td WIDTH="27%"><font SIZE="3"><b><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">控件名</b></font></td>
<td WIDTH="50%"><font SIZE="3"><b><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">功能</b></font></td>
<td WIDTH="23%"><font SIZE="3"><b><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">对应的控件类</b></font></td>
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<td WIDTH="27%"><font SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">动画</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">(Animate)</font></td>
<td WIDTH="50%"><font SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">可播放</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">avi</font><font SIZE="3">文件．</font></td>
<td WIDTH="23%"><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">CAnimateCtrl</font></td>
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<td WIDTH="27%"><font SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">热键</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">(Hot Key)</font></td>
<td WIDTH="50%"><font SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">使用户能选择热键组合．</font></td>
<td WIDTH="23%"><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">CHotKeyCtrl</font></td>
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<td WIDTH="27%"><font SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">列表视图</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">(List View)</font></td>
<td WIDTH="50%"><font SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">能够以列表、小图标、大图标或报告格式显示数据．</font></td>
<td WIDTH="23%"><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">CListCtrl</font></td>
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<td WIDTH="27%"><font SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">进度条</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">(Progress Bar)</font></td>
<td WIDTH="50%"><font SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">用于指示进度．</font></td>
<td WIDTH="23%"><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">CProgressCtrl</font></td>
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<td WIDTH="27%"><font SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">滑尺</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">(Slider)</font></td>
<td WIDTH="50%"><font SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">也叫轨道条</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">(Trackbar)</font><font SIZE="3">，用户可以移动滑尺来在某一范围中进行选择．</font></td>
<td WIDTH="23%"><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">CSliderCtrl</font></td>
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<td WIDTH="27%"><font SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">旋转按钮</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">(Spin Button)</font></td>
<td WIDTH="50%"><font SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">有时被称为上下控件．有一对箭头按钮，用来调节某一值的大小．</font></td>
<td WIDTH="23%"><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">CSpinButtonCtrl</font></td>
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<td WIDTH="27%"><font SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">标签</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">(Tab)</font></td>
<td WIDTH="50%"><font SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">用来作为标签使用．</font></td>
<td WIDTH="23%"><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">CTabCtrl</font></td>
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<td WIDTH="27%"><font SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">树形视图</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">(Tree View)</font></td>
<td WIDTH="50%"><font SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">以树状结构显示数据．</font></td>
<td WIDTH="23%"><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">CTreeCtrl</font></td>
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<font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></font><font SIZE="3">本节将主要介绍列表视图、树形视图、进度条、旋转按钮和滑尺控件，动画控件将在第十二章介绍．</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"></p>
<b><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></b></font><font color="#3973DE" FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">6.2.1
Win32</font><font SIZE="3" color="#3973DE">控件的通知消息</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"></p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></font><font SIZE="3">较之传统的</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">Windows 3.x</font><font SIZE="3">控件，新的</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">Win32</font><font SIZE="3">控件更加复杂和先进．在新控件发送通知消息的同时，往往还需要附加一些数据来描述控件的状态．传统的</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">WM_COMMAND</font><font SIZE="3">消息通知机制显然不能完成这一任务，因为</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">WM_COMMAND</font><font SIZE="3">消息的</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">wParam</font><font SIZE="3">和</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">lParam</font><font SIZE="3">已经被占满了（见</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">6.1.1</font><font SIZE="3">），无法容纳新的数据．</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"></p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></font><font SIZE="3">在</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">Win32</font><font SIZE="3">中，采用新的</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">WM_NOTIFY</font><font SIZE="3">消息来实现新控件的消息通知机制．在该消息的</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">wParam</font><font SIZE="3">中含有控件的</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">ID</font><font SIZE="3">，</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">lParam</font><font SIZE="3">中则有一个指针，这个指针指向一个结构．这个结构要么是</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">NMHDR</font><font SIZE="3">结构，要么是一个以</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">NMHDR</font><font SIZE="3">结构作为第一个成员的扩充结构．通过</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">NMHDR</font><font SIZE="3">结构及其扩充结构可以传递附加数据．从理论上讲，可以通过扩充结构传送任意多的数据．需要指出的是，由于</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">NMHDR</font><font SIZE="3">结构是扩充结构的第一个成员，因此</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">lParam</font><font SIZE="3">中的指针即可以认为是指向</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">NMHDR</font><font SIZE="3">结构的，也可以认为指向包含</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">NMHDR</font><font SIZE="3">结构的扩充结构的．</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"></p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">NMHDR</font><font SIZE="3">结构如下所示：</p>
<blockquote>
</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">typedef struct tagNMHDR {</p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">HWND hwndFrom; //</font><font SIZE="3">控件窗口的句柄</p>
</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">UINT idFrom; //</font><font SIZE="3">控件的</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">ID</p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">UINT code; //</font><font SIZE="3">控件的通知消息码</p>
</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">} NMHDR;</p>
</blockquote>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></font><font SIZE="3">一个典型的扩充结构如下所示，该结构用于列表视图控件的</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">LVN_KEYDOWN</font><font SIZE="3">通知消息．</p>
<blockquote>
</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">typedef struct
tagLV_KEYDOWN {</p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">NMHDR hdr; //NMHDR</font><font SIZE="3">结构作为第一个成员</p>
</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">WORD wVKey; </p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">UINT flags; </p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">} LV_KEYDOWN;</p>
</blockquote>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></font><font SIZE="3">有些控件通知消息是所有</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">Win32</font><font SIZE="3">控件共有的，这些消息在表</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">6.22</font><font SIZE="3">中列出．</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"></p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></font><b><font SIZE="3"> </p>
<p ALIGN="CENTER">表</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">6.22 Win32</font><font SIZE="3">控件共有的通知消息</font></b></p>
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<td WIDTH="50%"><font SIZE="3"><b><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">通知消息码</b></font></td>
<td WIDTH="50%"><font SIZE="3"><b><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">含义</b></font></td>
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<td WIDTH="50%"><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">NM_CLICK</font></td>
<td WIDTH="50%"><font SIZE="3"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY">用户在控件上单击鼠标左键．</font></td>
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