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</center></div><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="4"><b><p ALIGN="CENTER"></b></font><font color="#3973DE" FACE="Times New Roman" size="4">9.2</font><font color="#3973DE" size="4">静态连接库</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3"></p>
<p></font><font color="#3973DE" FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">9.2.1</font><font SIZE="3" color="#3973DE">创建静态库</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3"></p>
<p></font><font SIZE="3">现在以一个简单的数学函数库为例介绍静态库的创建和使用。</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3"></p>
<p></font><font SIZE="3">要创建静态库，选择</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">File->New</font><font SIZE="3">菜单，弹出</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">New</font><font SIZE="3">对话框。选择</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">Projects</font><font SIZE="3">标签，在项目类型列表框中选择</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">Win32 Static Library</font><font SIZE="3">，在</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">Name</font><font SIZE="3">中输入</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">mymath</font><font SIZE="3">，表明要创建一个</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">mymath.lib</font><font SIZE="3">的静态库文件。</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3"></p>
<p></font><font SIZE="3">然后用</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">Project->Add
to Project->Files</font><font SIZE="3">菜单往</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">mymath</font><font SIZE="3">工程中加入以下两个文件：</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3"></p>
<p>1.</font><font SIZE="3">头文件（见清单</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">9.1</font><font SIZE="3">）：定义了</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">Summary</font><font SIZE="3">和</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">Factorial</font><font SIZE="3">两个函数，分别用于完成求和与阶乘。注意这里使用</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">C</font><font SIZE="3">风格的函数，需要加入</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">extern </font><font SIZE="3">“</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">C</font><font SIZE="3">”关键字，表明它是</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">C</font><font SIZE="3">风格的外部函数。<b></p>
<p></b>清单</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">9.1 </font><font SIZE="3">头文件</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3"></p>
<p>#ifndef _MYMATH_H</p>
<p>#define _MYMATH_H</p>
<p>extern </font><font SIZE="3">“</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">C</font><font SIZE="3">”</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3"></p>
<p>{</p>
<p>int Summary(int n);</p>
<p>int Factorial(int n);</p>
<p>}</p>
<p>#endif</p>
<p>2.</font><font SIZE="3">源文件：包含了</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">Summary</font><font SIZE="3">和</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">Factorial</font><font SIZE="3">函数的定义，见清单</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">9.2</font><font SIZE="3">。<b></p>
<p></b>清单</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">9.2 </font><font SIZE="3">源文件</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3"></p>
<p>int Summary(int n)</p>
<p>{</p>
<p>int sum=0;</p>
<p>int i;</p>
<p>for(i=1;i<=n;i++)</p>
<p>{</p>
<p>sum+=i;</p>
<p>}</p>
<p>return sum;</p>
<p>}</p>
<p>int Factorial(int n)</p>
<p>{</p>
<p>int Fact=1;</p>
<p>int i;</p>
<p>for(i=1;i<=n;i++)</p>
<p>{</p>
<p>Fact=Fact*i;</p>
<p>}</p>
<p>return Fact;</p>
<p>}</p>
<p></font><font size="3"> </font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3"></p>
<p></font><font SIZE="3">在</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">Build</font><font SIZE="3">菜单下，选择</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">Build</font><font SIZE="3">菜单下的</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">Build mymath.lib</font><font SIZE="3">。</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">Visual C++</font><font SIZE="3">编译链接工程，在</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">mymath\debug</font><font SIZE="3">目录下生成</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">mymath.lib</font><font SIZE="3">文件。至此，静态连接库生成的工作就做完了。下面用一个小程序来测试这个静态库。<b></p>
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<td width="100%"></b>提示：用户在交付最终静态连接库时，只需要提供</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" size="3">.lib</font><font SIZE="3">文件和头文件，不需要再提供库的源代码。</font></td>
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<p></font></b><font color="#3973DE" FACE="Times New Roman">9.2.2</font><font color="#3973DE">测试静态库</font></p>
<p><b><font SIZE="4"> </font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="4"></p>
<p></font></b><font SIZE="3">用</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">AppWizard</font><font SIZE="3">生成一个基于对话框的应用程序</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">test</font><font SIZE="3">。打开</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">test</font><font SIZE="3">资源文件，修改</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">IDD_TEST_DIALOG</font><font SIZE="3">对话框资源，加入两个按钮。按钮</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">ID</font><font SIZE="3">和文字为：</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"></p>
<p>IDC_SUM </font><font SIZE="3">“</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">&Summary</font><font SIZE="3">”</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"></p>
<p>IDC_FACTORIAL </font><font SIZE="3">“</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">&Factorial</font><font SIZE="3">”</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"></p>
<p></font><font SIZE="3">如图</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">9-1</font><font SIZE="3">所示。</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"></p>
<p align="center"></font><img src="T9_1.gif" alt="T9_1.tif (84932 bytes)" WIDTH="376" HEIGHT="203"><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"></p>
<p align="center"></font><font SIZE="3">图</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">9-1
</font><font SIZE="3">修改</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">test</font><font SIZE="3">对话框</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"></p>
<p></font><font SIZE="3">用</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">ClassWizard</font><font SIZE="3">为上述两个按钮</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">Click</font><font SIZE="3">事件生成消息处理函数</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">OnSum</font><font SIZE="3">和</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">OnFactorial</font><font SIZE="3">，并加入代码</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">,</font><font SIZE="3">修改后的</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">OnSum</font><font SIZE="3">和</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">OnFactorial</font><font SIZE="3">见清单</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">9.3</font><font SIZE="3">。</p>
<p>清单</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">9.3 OnSum</font><font SIZE="3">和</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">OnFactorial</font><font SIZE="3">函数定义</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"></p>
<p>void CTestDlg::OnSum() </p>
<p>{</p>
<p>// TODO: Add your control notification handler code here</p>
<p>int nSum=Summary(10);</p>
<p>CString sResult;</p>
<p>sResult.Format("Sum(10)=%d",nSum);</p>
<p>AfxMessageBox(sResult);</p>
<p>}</p>
<p>void CTestDlg::OnFactorial() </p>
<p>{</p>
<p>// TODO: Add your control notification handler code here</p>
<p>int nFact=Factorial(10);</p>
<p>CString sResult;</p>
<p>sResult.Format("10!=%d",nFact);</p>
<p>AfxMessageBox(sResult);</p>
<p>}</p>
<p></font><font SIZE="3">由于要使用</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">mymath.lib</font><font SIZE="3">中的函数，首先要将</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">mymath.lib</font><font SIZE="3">和</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">mymath.h</font><font SIZE="3">两个文件拷贝到</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">test</font><font SIZE="3">目录下。然后用</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">Project->Add to Project->Files</font><font SIZE="3">命令，将</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">mymath.lib</font><font SIZE="3">加入到工程中。</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"></p>
<p></font><font SIZE="3">在</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">testdlg.cpp</font><font SIZE="3">文件头部，还要加入头文件</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">mymath.h</font><font SIZE="3">：</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"></p>
<p>#include "stdafx.h"</p>
<p>#include "Test.h"</p>
<p>#include "TestDlg.h"</p>
<p></font><font SIZE="3"> </font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"></p>
<p>#include "mymath.h"</p>
<p>#ifdef _DEBUG</p>
<p>#define new DEBUG_NEW</p>
<p>#undef THIS_FILE</p>
<p>static char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;</p>
<p>#endif</p>
<p></font><font SIZE="3">编译运行</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">test</font><font SIZE="3">程序，点</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">Factorial</font><font SIZE="3">按钮，弹出如图</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">9-2</font><font SIZE="3">的消息框。</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"></p>
<p align="center"></font><img src="T9_2.gif" alt="T9_2.tif (33706 bytes)" WIDTH="174" HEIGHT="133"><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"></p>
</font><p align="center"><font size="2">图9-2 Test程序运行结果</font></p>
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