help.etx

nedit 是一款linux下的开发源码的功能强大的编辑器

.. $Id: help.etx,v 1.49.2.9 2003/11/07 17:27:01 edg Exp $
.. NOTE: Remember to supply 'version' variable on setext command line.
..       For example,  setext -m -v "version=NEdit Version 6.0".
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.. The following are variable definitions for the various titles below
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.. |>title=Nirvana Editor (NEdit) Help Documentation<|
.. |>ttlMk==========================================<|
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.. ? NEDITDOC~
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|>version<|                                               |>Date<|
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.. .. This table of contents is only for the HTML version of this document.
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Table of Contents
-----------------

    Getting_Started_                    
                                        
    Basic Operation                     Macro/Shell Extensions
      Selecting_Text_                      Shell_Commands_and_Filters_
      Finding_and_Replacing_Text_          Learn/Replay_
      Cut_and_Paste_                       Macro_Language_
      Using_the_Mouse_                     Macro_Subroutines_
      Keyboard_Shortcuts_                  Highlighting_Information_
      Shifting_and_Filling_                Range_Sets_
      File_Format_                         Action_Routines_
                                        Customizing
    Features for Programming              Customizing_NEdit_
      Programming_with_NEdit_              Preferences_
      Tabs/Emulated_Tabs_                  X_Resources_
      Auto/Smart_Indent_                   Key_Binding_
      Syntax_Highlighting_                 Highlighting_Patterns_
      Finding_Declarations_(ctags)_        Smart_Indent_Macros_
      Calltips_
 
    Regular Expressions                 NEdit_Command_Line_
      Basic_Regular_Expression_Syntax_   Client/Server_Mode_
      Metacharacters_                    Crash_Recovery_
      Parenthetical_Constructs_          Version_
      Advanced_Topics_                   Distribution_Policy_
      Example_Regular_Expressions_       Mailing_Lists_
                                        Problems/Defects_

.. ~ html
Getting Started
---------------

  Welcome to NEdit!
.. ~ NEDITDOC
.. .. What appears below will always print whether or not NEDITDOC is defined.
..

  NEdit is a standard GUI (Graphical User Interface) style text editor for
  programs and plain-text files.  Users of Macintosh and MS Windows based text
  editors should find NEdit a familiar and comfortable environment.  NEdit
  provides all of the standard menu, dialog, editing, and mouse support, as
  well as all of the standard shortcuts to which the users of modern GUI based
  environments are accustomed.  For users of older style Unix editors, welcome
  to the world of mouse-based editing!

.. ? NEDITDOC~
..   NEdit is freely distributed under the terms of the Gnu General Public
..   License.

.. .. This stuff will always be invisible, unless NEDITDOC is defined
.. 
.. Installing NEdit
.. ----------------
.. 
..   NEdit is a single stand-alone executable file which can be installed by simply
..   copying the appropriate executable "nedit" for your system.  Both sources and
..   executables are available from http://www.nedit.org.  The optional "nc" (NEdit
..   Client) program is also available for users who want to run nedit in
..   client/server mode.
.. 
.. Getting Started
.. ---------------
.. ~ NEDITDOC

  Help sections of interest to new users are listed under the "Basic Operation"
  heading in the top-level Help menu:

      Selecting_Text_
      Finding_and_Replacing_Text_
      Cut_and_Paste_
      Using_the_Mouse_
      Keyboard_Shortcuts_
      Shifting_and_Filling_

  Programmers should also read the introductory section under the "Features for
  Programming" section:

      Programming_with_NEdit_

  If you get into trouble, the Undo command in the Edit menu can reverse any
  modifications that you make.  NEdit does not change the file you are editing
  until you tell it to Save.

3>Editing an Existing File

  To open an existing file, choose Open... from the file menu. Select the file
  that you want to open in the pop-up dialog that appears and click on OK.  You
  may open any number of files at the same time.  Each file will appear in its
  own editor window.  Using Open... rather than re-typing the NEdit command and
  running additional copies of NEdit, will give you quick access to all of the
  files you have open via the Windows menu, and ensure that you don't
  accidentally open the same file twice.  NEdit has no "main" window.  It
  remains running as long as at least one editor window is open.

3>Creating a New File

  If you already have an empty (Untitled) window displayed, just begin typing
  in the window.  To create a new Untitled window, choose New from the File
  menu.  To give the file a name and save its contents to the disk, choose Save
  or Save As... from the File menu.

3>Backup Files

  NEdit maintains periodic backups of the file you are editing so that you can
  recover the file in the event of a problem such as a system crash, network
  failure, or X server crash.  These files are saved under the name `~filename`
  (on Unix) or `_filename` (on VMS), where filename is the name of the file you
  were editing.  If an NEdit process is killed, some of these backup files may
  remain in your directory.  (To remove one of these files on Unix, you may
  have to prefix the `~' (tilde) character with a (backslash) to prevent the
  shell from interpreting it as a special character.)

3>Shortcuts

  As you become more familiar with NEdit, substitute the control and function
  keys shown on the right side of the menus for pulling down menus with the
  mouse.

  Dialogs are also streamlined so you can enter information quickly and without
  using the mouse*.  To move the keyboard focus around a dialog, use the tab
  and arrow keys.  One of the buttons in a dialog is usually drawn with a
  thick, indented, outline.  This button can be activated by pressing Return or
  Enter.  The Cancel or Dismiss button can be activated by pressing escape. 
  For example, to replace the string "thing" with "things" type:

      <ctrl-r>thing<tab>things<return>

  To open a file named "whole_earth.c", type:

      <ctrl-o>who<return>

  (how much of the filename you need to type depends on the other files in the
  directory).  See the section called "Keyboard_Shortcuts_" for more details.

  * Users who have set their keyboard focus mode to "pointer" should set
  "Popups Under Pointer" in the Default Settings menu to avoid the additional
  step of moving the mouse into the dialog.
   ----------------------------------------------------------------------

Basic Operation
===============

Selecting Text
--------------

  NEdit has two general types of selections, primary (highlighted text), and
  secondary (underlined text). Selections can cover either a simple range of
  text between two points in the file, or they can cover a rectangular area of
  the file. Rectangular selections are only useful with non-proportional (fixed
  spacing) fonts.

  To select text for copying, deleting, or replacing, press the left mouse
  button with the pointer at one end of the text you want to select, and drag
  it to the other end. The text will become highlighted. To select a whole
  word, double click (click twice quickly in succession). Double clicking and
  then dragging the mouse will select a number of words. Similarly, you can
  select a whole line or a number of lines by triple clicking or triple
  clicking and dragging. Quadruple clicking selects the whole file. After
  releasing the mouse button, you can still adjust a selection by holding down
  the shift key and dragging on either end of the selection. To delete the
  selected text, press delete or backspace. To replace it, begin typing.

  To select a rectangle or column of text, hold the Ctrl key while dragging the
  mouse. Rectangular selections can be used in any context that normal
  selections can be used, including cutting and pasting, filling, shifting,
  dragging, and searching. Operations on rectangular selections automatically
  fill in tabs and spaces to maintain alignment of text within and to the right
  of the selection. Note that the interpretation of rectangular selections by
  Fill Paragraph is slightly different from that of other commands, the section
  titled "Shifting_and_Filling_" has details.

  The middle mouse button can be used to make an additional selection (called
  the secondary selection). As soon as the button is released, the contents of
  this selection will be copied to the insert position of the window where the
  mouse was last clicked (the destination window). This position is marked by a
  caret shaped cursor when the mouse is outside of the destination window.  If
  there is a (primary) selection, adjacent to the cursor in the window, the new
  text will replace the selected text. Holding the shift key while making the
  secondary selection will move the text, deleting it at the site of the
  secondary selection, rather than copying it.

  Selected text can also be dragged to a new location in the file using the
  middle mouse button. Holding the shift key while dragging the text will copy
  the selected text, leaving the original text in place. Holding the control
  key will drag the text in overlay mode.

  Normally, dragging moves text by removing it from the selected position at
  the start of the drag, and inserting it at a new position relative to to the
  mouse. Dragging a block of text over existing characters, displaces the
  characters to the end of the selection. In overlay mode, characters which are
  occluded by blocks of text being dragged are simply removed. When dragging
  non-rectangular selections, overlay mode also converts the selection to
  rectangular form, allowing it to be dragged outside of the bounds of the
  existing text.

  The section "Using_the_Mouse_" sumarizes the mouse commands for making primary
  and secondary selections. Primary selections can also be made via keyboard
  commands, see "Keyboard_Shortcuts_".
   ----------------------------------------------------------------------

Finding and Replacing Text
--------------------------

  The Search menu contains a number of commands for finding and replacing text.

  The Find... and Replace... commands present dialogs for entering text for
  searching and replacing.  These dialogs also allow you to choose whether you
  want the search to be sensitive to upper and lower case, or whether to use
  the standard Unix pattern matching characters (regular expressions). 
  Searches begin at the current text insertion position.

  Find Again and Replace Again repeat the last find or replace command without
  prompting for search strings.  To selectively replace text, use the two
  commands in combination: Find Again, then Replace Again if the highlighted
  string should be replaced, or Find Again again to go to the next string.

  Find Selection searches for the text contained in the current primary
  selection (see Selecting_Text_).  The selected text does not have to be in the
  current editor window, it may even be in another program.  For example, if
  the word dog appears somewhere in a window on your screen, and you want to
  find it in the file you are editing, select the word dog by dragging the
  mouse across it, switch to your NEdit window and choose Find Selection from
  the Search menu.

  Find Incremental is yet another variation on searching, where every character
  typed triggers a new search.  Incremental searching is generally the quickest
  way to find something in a file, because it gives you the immediate feedback
  of seeing how your search is progressing, so you never need to type more than
  the minimally sufficient search string to reach your target.

3>Searching Backwards

  Holding down the shift key while choosing any of the search or replace
  commands from the menu (or using the keyboard shortcut), will search in the
  reverse direction.  Users who have set the search direction using the buttons
  in the search dialog, may find it a bit confusing that Find Again and Replace
  Again don't continue in the same direction as the original search (for
  experienced users, consistency of the direction implied by the shift key is
  more important).

3>Selective Replacement

  To replace only some occurrences of a string within a file, choose Replace...
  from the Search menu, enter the string to search for and the string to
  substitute, and finish by pressing the Find button.  When the first
  occurrence is highlighted, use either Replace Again (^T) to replace it, or