nedit.doc

nedit 是一款linux下的开发源码的功能强大的编辑器

                  processing emulated tabs.

    Alt+Ctrl+<c>  Insert the control-code equivalent of
                  a key <c>

    Ctrl+/        Select everything (same as Select
                  All menu item or ^A)

    Ctrl+\        Unselect

    Ctrl+U        Delete to start of line


  PC STANDARD KEYBOARD

    Ctrl+Insert   Copy the primary selection to the
                  clipboard (same as Copy menu item or ^C)
                  for compatibility with Motif standard key
                  binding
    Shift+Ctrl+
    Insert        Copy the primary selection to the cursor
                  location.

    Delete        Delete the character before the cursor.
                  (Can be configured to delete the character
                  after the cursor, see "Customizing NEdit",
                  and "X Resources")

    Ctrl+Delete   Delete to end of line.

    Shift+Delete  Cut, remove the currently selected text
                  and place it in the clipboard. (same as
                  Cut menu item or ^X) for compatibility
                  with Motif standard key binding
    Shift+Ctrl+
    Delete        Cut the primary selection to the cursor
                  location.

    Home          Move the cursor to the beginning of the
                  line

    Ctrl+Home     Move the cursor to the beginning of the
                  file

    End           Move the cursor to the end of the line

    Ctrl+End      Move the cursor to the end of the file

    PageUp        Scroll and move the cursor up by one page.

    Ctrl+PageUp   Scroll and move the cursor left by one
                  page.
    PageDown      Scroll and move the cursor down by one
                  page.

    Ctrl+PageDown Scroll and move the cursor right by one
                  page.

    F10           Make the menu bar active for keyboard
                  input (Arrow Keys, Return, Escape,
                  and the Space Bar)


  SPECIALTY KEYBOARDS  

  On machines with different styles of keyboards, generally, text editing 
  actions are properly matched to the labeled keys, such as Remove, 
  Next-screen, etc.. If you prefer different key bindings, see the section 
  titled "Key Binding" under the Customizing heading in the Help menu. 

--------------------
SHIFTING AND FILLING
--------------------


  SHIFT LEFT, SHIFT RIGHT

  While shifting blocks of text is most important for programmers (See 
  Features for Programming), it is also useful for other tasks, such as 
  creating indented paragraphs. 

  To shift a block of text one tab stop to the right, select the text, then 
  choose Shift Right from the Edit menu. Note that the accelerator keys for 
  these menu items are Ctrl+9 and Ctrl+0, which correspond to the right and 
  left parenthesis on most keyboards. Remember them as adjusting the text in 
  the direction pointed to by the parenthesis character. Holding the Shift key 
  while selecting either Shift Left or Shift Right will shift the text by one 
  character. 

  It is also possible to shift blocks of text by selecting the text 
  rectangularly, and dragging it left or right (and up or down as well). Using 
  a rectangular selection also causes tabs within the selection to be 
  recalculated and substituted, such that the non-whitespace characters remain 
  stationary with respect to the selection. 


  FILLING  

  Text filling using the Fill Paragraph command in the Edit menu is one of the 
  most important concepts in NEdit. And it will be well worth your while to 
  understand how to use it properly. 

  In plain text files, unlike word-processor files, there is no way to tell 
  which lines are continuations of other lines, and which lines are meant to 
  be separate, because there is no distinction in meaning between newline 
  characters which separate lines in a paragraph, and ones which separate 
  paragraphs from other text. This makes it impossible for a text editor like 
  NEdit to tell parts of the text which belong together as a paragraph from 
  carefully arranged individual lines. 

  In continuous wrap mode (Preferences -> Wrap -> Continuous), lines 
  automatically wrap and unwrap themselves to line up properly at the right 
  margin. In this mode, you simply omit the newlines within paragraphs and let 
  NEdit make the line breaks as needed. Unfortunately, continuous wrap mode is 
  not appropriate in the majority of situations, because files with extremely 
  long lines are not common under Unix and may not be compatible with all 
  tools, and because you can't achieve effects like indented sections, 
  columns, or program comments, and still take advantage of the automatic 
  wrapping. 

  Without continuous wrapping, paragraph filling is not entirely automatic. 
  Auto-Newline wrapping keeps paragraphs lined up as you type, but once 
  entered, NEdit can no longer distinguish newlines which join wrapped text, 
  and newlines which must be preserved. Therefore, editing in the middle of a 
  paragraph will often leave the right margin messy and uneven. 

  Since NEdit can't act automatically to keep your text lined up, you need to 
  tell it explicitly where to operate, and that is what Fill Paragraph is for. 
  It arranges lines to fill the space between two margins, wrapping the lines 
  neatly at word boundaries. Normally, the left margin for filling is inferred 
  from the text being filled. The first line of each paragraph is considered 
  special, and its left indentation is maintained separately from the 
  remaining lines (for leading indents, bullet points, numbered paragraphs, 
  etc.). Otherwise, the left margin is determined by the furthest left 
  non-whitespace character. The right margin is either the Wrap Margin, set in 
  the preferences menu (by default, the right edge of the window), or can also 
  be chosen on the fly by using a rectangular selection (see below). 

  There are three ways to use Fill Paragraph. The simplest is, while you are 
  typing text, and there is no selection, simply select Fill Paragraph (or 
  type Ctrl+J), and NEdit will arrange the text in the paragraph adjacent to 
  the cursor. A paragraph, in this case, means an area of text delimited by 
  blank lines. 

  The second way to use Fill Paragraph is with a selection. If you select a 
  range of text and then chose Fill Paragraph, all of the text in the 
  selection will be filled. Again, continuous text between blank lines is 
  interpreted as paragraphs and filled individually, respecting leading 
  indents and blank lines. 

  The third, and most versatile, way to use Fill Paragraph is with a 
  rectangular selection. Fill Paragraph treats rectangular selections 
  differently from other commands. Instead of simply filling the text inside 
  the rectangular selection, NEdit interprets the right edge of the selection 
  as the requested wrap margin. Text to the left of the selection is not 
  disturbed (the usual interpretation of a rectangular selection), but text to 
  the right of the selection is included in the operation and is pulled in to 
  the selected region. This method enables you to fill text to an arbitrary 
  right margin, without going back and forth to the wrap-margin dialog, as 
  well as to exclude text to the left of the selection such as comment bars or 
  other text columns. 

-----------
FILE FORMAT
-----------

  While plain-text is probably the simplest and most interchangeable file 
  format in the computer world, there is still variation in what plain-text 
  means from system to system. Plain-text files can differ in character set, 
  line termination, and wrapping. 

  While character set differences are the most obvious and pose the most 
  challenge to portability, they affect NEdit only indirectly via the same 
  font and localization mechanisms common to all X applications. If your 
  system is set up properly, you will probably never see character-set related 
  problems in NEdit. NEdit can not display Unicode text files, or any 
  multi-byte character set. 

  The primary difference between an MS DOS format file and a Unix format file, 
  is how the lines are terminated. Unix uses a single newline character. MS 
  DOS uses a carriage-return and a newline. NEdit can read and write both file 
  formats, but internally, it uses the single character Unix standard. NEdit 
  auto-detects MS DOS format files based on the line termination at the start 
  of the file. Files are judged to be DOS format if all of the first five line 
  terminators, within a maximum range, are DOS-style. To change the format in 
  which NEdit writes a file from DOS to Unix or visa versa, use the Save As... 
  command and check or un-check the MS DOS Format button. 

  Wrapping within text files can vary among individual users, as well as from 
  system to system. Both Windows and MacOS make frequent use of plain text 
  files with no implicit right margin. In these files, wrapping is determined 
  by the tool which displays them. Files of this style also exist on Unix 
  systems, despite the fact that they are not supported by all Unix utilities. 
  To display this kind of file properly in NEdit, you have to select the wrap 
  style called Continuous. Wrapping modes are discussed in the sections: 
  Customizing -> Preferences, and Basic Operation -> Shifting and Filling. 

  The last and most minute of format differences is the terminating newline. 
  Some Unix compilers and utilities require a final terminating newline on all 
  files they read and fail in various ways on files which do not have it. Vi 
  and approximately half of Unix editors enforce the terminating newline on 
  all files that they write; Emacs does not enforce this rule. Users are 
  divided on which is best. NEdit makes the final terminating newline optional 
  (Preferences -> Default Settings -> Terminate with Line Break on Save). 

========================
FEATURES FOR PROGRAMMING
========================

----------------------
PROGRAMMING WITH NEDIT
----------------------

  Though general in appearance, NEdit has many features intended specifically 
  for programmers. Major programming-related topics are listed in separate 
  sections under the heading: "Features for Programming": Syntax Highlighting, 
  Tabs/Emulated Tabs, Finding_Declarations_(ctags)_, Calltips_, and Auto/Smart 
  Indent. Minor topics related to programming are discussed below: 


  LANGUAGE MODES

  When NEdit initially reads a file, it attempts to determine whether the file 
  is in one of the computer languages that it knows about. Knowing what 
  language a file is written in allows NEdit to assign highlight patterns and 
  smart indent macros, and to set language specific preferences like word 
  delimiters, tab emulation, and auto-indent. Language mode can be recognized 
  from both the file name and from the first 200 characters of content. 
  Language mode recognition and language-specific preferences are configured 
  in: Preferences -> Default Settings -> Language Modes.... 

  You can set the language mode manually for a window, by selecting it from 
  the menu: Preferences -> Language Modes. 


  BACKLIGHTING [EXPERIMENTAL]

  NEdit can be made to set the background color of particular classes of 
  characters to allow easy identification of those characters. This is 
  particularly useful if you need to be able to distiguish between tabs and 
  spaces in a file where the difference is important. The colors used for 
  backlighting are specified by a resource, "nedit*backlightCharTypes". You 
  can turn backlighting on and off through the Preferences -> Apply 
  Backlighting menu entry. 

  If you prefer to have backlighting turned on for all new windows, use the 
  Preferences -> Default Settings -> Apply Backlighting menu entry. This 
  settings can be saved along with other preferences using Preferences -> Save 
  Defaults. 

  Important: In future versions of NEdit, the backlighting feature will be 
  extended and reworked such that it becomes easier to configure. The current 
  way of controlling it through a resource is generally considered to be below 
  NEdit's usability standards. These future changes are likely to be 
  incompatible with the current format of the "nedit*backlightCharTypes" 
  resource, though. Therefore, it is expected that there will be no automatic 
  migration path for users who customize the resource. 


  LINE NUMBERS

  To find a particular line in a source file by line number, choose Goto Line 
  #... from the Search menu. You can also directly select the line number text 
  in the compiler message in the terminal emulator window (xterm, decterm, 
  winterm, etc.) where you ran the compiler, and choose Goto Selected from the 
  Search menu. 

  To find out the line number of a particular line in your file, turn on 
  Statistics Line in the Preferences menu and position the insertion point 
  anywhere on the line. The statistics line continuously updates the line 
  number of the line containing the cursor. 

  To go to a specific column on a given line, choose Goto Line #... from the 
  Search menu and enter a line number and a column number separated by a 
  comma. (e.g. Enter "100,12" for line 100 column 12.) If you want to go to a 
  column on the current line just leave out the line number. (e.g. Enter ",45" 
  to go the column 45 on the current line.) 


  MATCHING PARENTHESES

  To help you inspect nested parentheses, brackets, braces, quotes, and other 
  characters, NEdit has both an automatic parenthesis matching mode, and a 
  Goto Matching command. Automatic parenthesis matching is activated when you