busybox.sgml

手机嵌入式Linux下可用的busybox源码

	    <title>dos2unix</title>

		<para>
		Usage: dos2unix < dosfile > unixfile
		</para>

		<para>
		Converts a text file from dos format to unix format.
		</para>

	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="dpkg-deb">
	    <title>dpkg-deb</title>

		<para>
		Usage: dpkg-deb [OPTION] archive [directory] 
		</para>

		<para>
		Debian package archive (.deb) manipulation tool	
		</para>

		<para>
		Options:
		</para>
		
		<para>
		<screen>
			-c	List the contents of the filesystem tree archive portion of the package 
			-e	Extracts the control information files from a package archive into the specified directory.
				If  no  directory  is specified then a subdirectory DEBIAN in the current directory is used.
			-x	Silently extracts the filesystem tree from a package archive into the specified directory.
			-X	Extracts the filesystem tree from a package archive into the specified directory, listing the files as it goes.	
			If required the specified directory (but not its parents) will be created.
		</screen>
		<para>

		<para>
		Example:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			dpkg-deb -e ./busybox_0.48-1_i386.deb
			dpkg-deb -x ./busybox_0.48-1_i386.deb ./unpack_dir
		</screen>
		</para>
	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="du">
	    <title>du</title>

		<para>
		Usage: du [OPTION]... [FILE]...
		</para>

		<para>
		Summarize the disk space used for each FILE or current
		directory.  Disk space printed in units of 1k (i.e.,
		1024 bytes).
		</para>

		<para>
		Options:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			-l	Count sizes many times if hard linked
			-s	Display only a total for each argument
		</screen>
		</para>

		<para>
		Example:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			$ du
			16	./CVS
			12	./kernel-patches/CVS
			80	./kernel-patches
			12	./tests/CVS
			36	./tests
			12	./scripts/CVS
			16	./scripts
			12	./docs/CVS
			104	./docs
			2417	.
		</screen>
		</para>
	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="dumpkmap">
	    <title>dumpkmap</title>

		<para>
		Usage: dumpkmap
		</para>

		<para>
		Prints out a binary keyboard translation table to standard output.
		</para>

		<para>
		Example:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			$ dumpkmap &lt; keymap
		</screen>
		</para>
	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="dutmp">
	    <title>dutmp</title>

		<para>
		Usage: dutmp [FILE]
		</para>

		<para>
		Dump utmp file format (pipe delimited) from FILE or
		stdin to stdout.
		</para>

		<para>
		Example:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			$ dutmp /var/run/utmp
			8|7||si|||0|0|0|955637625|760097|0
			2|0|~|~~|reboot||0|0|0|955637625|782235|0
			1|20020|~|~~|runlevel||0|0|0|955637625|800089|0
			8|125||l4|||0|0|0|955637629|998367|0
			6|245|tty1|1|LOGIN||0|0|0|955637630|998974|0
			6|246|tty2|2|LOGIN||0|0|0|955637630|999498|0
			7|336|pts/0|vt00andersen|andersen|:0.0|0|0|0|955637763|0|0
		</screen>
		</para>
	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="echo">
	    <title>echo</title>

		<para>
		Usage: echo [OPTION]... [ARG]...
		</para>

		<para>
		Print ARGs to stdout.
		</para>

		<para>
		Options:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			-n	Suppress trailing newline
			-e	Enable interpretation of escaped characters
			-E	Disable interpretation of escaped characters
		</screen>
		</para>

		<para>
		Example:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			$ echo "Erik is cool"
			Erik is cool
			$ echo -e "Erik\nis\ncool"
			Erik
			is
			cool
			$ echo "Erik\nis\ncool"
			Erik\nis\ncool
		</screen>
		</para>
	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="expr">
	    <title>expr</title>

		<para>
		Usage: expr EXPRESSION
		</para>

		<para>
		Prints the value of EXPRESSION to standard output.
		</para>

		<para>
		EXPRESSION may be:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			ARG1 |  ARG2    ARG1 if it is neither null nor 0, otherwise ARG2
			ARG1 &  ARG2    ARG1 if neither argument is null or 0, otherwise 0
			ARG1 &lt  ARG2    ARG1 is less than ARG2
			ARG1 &lt= ARG2    ARG1 is less than or equal to ARG2
			ARG1 =  ARG2    ARG1 is equal to ARG2
			ARG1 != ARG2    ARG1 is unequal to ARG2
			ARG1 &gt= ARG2    ARG1 is greater than or equal to ARG2
			ARG1 &gt  ARG2    ARG1 is greater than ARG2
			ARG1 +  ARG2    arithmetic sum of ARG1 and ARG2
			ARG1 -  ARG2    arithmetic difference of ARG1 and ARG2
			ARG1 *  ARG2    arithmetic product of ARG1 and ARG2
			ARG1 /  ARG2    arithmetic quotient of ARG1 divided by ARG2
			ARG1 %  ARG2    arithmetic remainder of ARG1 divided by ARG2
			STRING : REGEXP             anchored pattern match of REGEXP in STRING
			match STRING REGEXP         same as STRING : REGEXP
			substr STRING POS LENGTH    substring of STRING, POS counted from 1
			index STRING CHARS          index in STRING where any CHARS is found, or 0
			length STRING               length of STRING
			quote TOKEN                 interpret TOKEN as a string, even if it is a
							keyword like `match' or an operator like `/'
			( EXPRESSION )              value of EXPRESSION
		</screen>
		</para>

		<para>
		Beware that many operators need to be escaped or quoted for shells.
		Comparisons are arithmetic if both ARGs are numbers, else
		lexicographical.  Pattern matches return the string matched between
		\( and \) or null; if \( and \) are not used, they return the number
		of characters matched or 0.
		</para>

	</sect1>


	<sect1 id="false">
	    <title>false</title>

		<para>
		Usage: false
		</para>

		<para>
		Return an exit code of FALSE (1).
		</para>

		<para>
		Example:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			$ false
			$ echo $?
			1
		</screen>
		</para>
	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="fbset">
	    <title>fbset</title>

		<para>
		Usage: fbset [OPTION]... [MODE]
		</para>

		<para>
		Show and modify frame buffer device settings.
		</para>

		<para>
		Options:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			-h						Display option summary
			-fb DEVICE					Operate on DEVICE
			-db FILE					Use FILE for mode database
			-g XRES YRES VXRES VYRES DEPTH			Set all geometry parameters
			-t PIXCLOCK LEFT RIGHT UPPER LOWER HSLEN VSLEN	Set all timing parameters
			-xres RES					Set visible horizontal resolution
			-yres RES					Set visible vertical resolution
		</screen>
		</para>

		<para>
		Example:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			$ fbset
			mode "1024x768-76"
					# D: 78.653 MHz, H: 59.949 kHz, V: 75.694 Hz
					geometry 1024 768 1024 768 16
					timings 12714 128 32 16 4 128 4
					accel false
					rgba 5/11,6/5,5/0,0/0
			endmode
		</screen>
		</para>
	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="fdflush">
	    <title>fdflush</title>

		<para>
		Usage: fdflush DEVICE
		</para>

		<para>
		Force floppy disk drive to detect disk change on DEVICE.
		</para>
	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="find">
	    <title>find</title>

		<para>
		Usage: find [PATH]... [EXPRESSION]
		</para>

		<para>
		Search for files in a directory hierarchy. The default
		PATH is the current directory; default EXPRESSION is
		'-print'.
		</para>

		<para>
		EXPRESSION may consist of:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			-follow		Dereference symbolic links
			-name PATTERN	File name (leading directories removed) matches PATTERN
			-type X		Filetype matches X (where X is one of: f,d,l,b,c,...)
			-perm PERMS	Permissions match any of (+NNN); all of (-NNN); or exactly (NNN)
			-mtime TIME	Modified time is greater than (+N); less than (-N); or exactly (N) days
		</screen>
		</para>

		<para>
		Example:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			$ find / -name /etc/passwd
			/etc/passwd
		</screen>
		</para>
	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="free">
	    <title>free</title>

		<para>
		Usage: free
		</para>

		<para>
		Displays the amount of free and used system memory.
		</para>

		<para>
		Example:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			$ free
			total         used         free       shared      buffers
			  Mem:       257628       248724         8904        59644        93124
			 Swap:       128516         8404       120112
			Total:       386144       257128       129016
		</screen>
		</para>
	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="freeramdisk">
	    <title>freeramdisk</title>

		<para>
		Usage: freeramdisk DEVICE
		</para>

		<para>
		Free all memory used by the ramdisk DEVICE.
		</para>

		<para>
		Example:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			$ freeramdisk /dev/ram2
		</screen>
		</para>
	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="fsck.minix">
	    <title>fsck.minix</title>

		<para>
		Usage: fsck.minix [OPTION]... DEVICE
		</para>

		<para>
		Perform a consistency check on the MINIX filesystem on
		DEVICE.
		</para>

		<para>
		Options:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			-l	List all filenames
			-r	Perform interactive repairs
			-a	Perform automatic repairs
			-v	Verbose
			-s	Output super-block information
			-m	Activate MINIX-like "mode not cleared" warnings
			-f	Force file system check.
		</screen>
		</para>
	</sect1>
	
	<sect1 id="getopt">
	    <title>getopt</title>

		<para>
		Usage: getopt [OPTIONS]...
		</para>

		<para>
		Parse command options
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
		   -a, --alternative            Allow long options starting with single -\n"
		   -l, --longoptions=longopts   Long options to be recognized\n"
		   -n, --name=progname          The name under which errors are reported\n"
		   -o, --options=optstring      Short options to be recognized\n"
		   -q, --quiet                  Disable error reporting by getopt(3)\n"
		   -Q, --quiet-output           No normal output\n"
		   -s, --shell=shell            Set shell quoting conventions\n"
		   -T, --test                   Test for getopt(1) version\n"
		   -u, --unqote                 Do not quote the output\n"
		</screen>
		</para>


		<para>
		Example:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			$ cat getopt.test
			#!/bin/sh
			GETOPT=`getopt -o ab:c:: --long a-long,b-long:,c-long:: \
				-n 'example.busybox' -- "$@"`
			if [ $? != 0 ] ; then  exit 1 ; fi
			eval set -- "$GETOPT"
			while true ; do
			  case $1 in
			    -a|--a-long) echo "Option a" ; shift ;;
			    -b|--b-long) echo "Option b, argument \`$2'" ; shift 2 ;;
			    -c|--c-long)
			      case "$2" in
				"") echo "Option c, no argument"; shift 2 ;;
				*)  echo "Option c, argument \`$2'" ; shift 2 ;;
			      esac ;;
			    --) shift ; break ;;
			    *) echo "Internal error!" ; exit 1 ;;
			  esac
			done
		</screen>
		</para>
	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="grep">
	    <title>grep</title>

		<para>
		Usage: grep [OPTIONS]... PATTERN [FILE]...
		</para>

		<para>
		Search for PATTERN in each FILE or stdin.
		</para>

		<para>
		Options:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			-h	Suppress the prefixing filename on output
			-i	Ignore case distinctions
			-n	Print line number with output lines
			-q	Be quiet. Returns 0 if result was found, 1 otherwise
			-v	Select non-matching lines
		</screen>
		</para>

		<para>
		This version of grep matches full regular expressions.
		</para>

		<para>
		Example:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			$ grep root /etc/passwd
			root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
			$ grep ^[rR]oo. /etc/passwd
			root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
		</screen>
		</para>
	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="gunzip">
	    <title>gunzip</title>

		<para>
		Usage: gunzip [OPTION]... FILE
		</para>

		<para>
		Uncompress FILE (or stdin if FILE is '-').
		</para>

		<para>
		Options:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			-c	Write output to standard output
			-t	Test compressed file integrity
		</screen>
		</para>

		<para>
		Example:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			$ ls -la /tmp/BusyBox*
			-rw-rw-r--    1 andersen andersen   557009 Apr 11 10:55 /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar.gz
			$ gunzip /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar.gz
			$ ls -la /tmp/BusyBox*
			-rw-rw-r--    1 andersen andersen  1761280 Apr 14 17:47 /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar
		</screen>
		</para>
	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="gzip">
	    <title>gzip</title>

		<para>
		Usage: gzip [OPTION]... FILE
		</para>

		<para>
		Compress FILE (or stdin if FILE is '-') with maximum
		compression to FILE.gz (or stdout if FILE is '-').
		</para>

		<para>
		Options:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			-c	Write output to standard output
			-d      decompress
		</screen>
		</para>

		<para>
		Example:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			$ ls -la /tmp/BusyBox*
			-rw-rw-r--    1 andersen andersen  1761280 Apr 14 17:47 /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar
			$ gzip /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar
			$ ls -la /tmp/BusyBox*
			-rw-rw-r--    1 andersen andersen   554058 Apr 14 17:49 /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar.gz
		</screen>
		</para>
	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="halt">
	    <title>halt</title>

		<para>
		Usage: halt
		</para>

		<para>
		Halt the system.
		</para>
	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="head">
	    <title>head</title>

		<para>
		Usage: head [OPTION] FILE...
		</para>

		<para>
		Print first 10 lines of each FILE to standard output.
		With more than one FILE, precede each with a header
		giving the file name. With no FILE, or when FILE is -,
		read standard input.
		</para>

		<para>
		Options:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			-n NUM	Print first NUM lines instead of first 10
		</screen>
		</para>

		<para>
		Example:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			$ head -n 2 /etc/passwd
			root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
			daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/bin/sh
		</screen>
		</para>
	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="hostid">
	    <title>hostid</title>

		<para>
		Usage: hostid
		</para>

		<para>
		Prints out a unique 32-bit identifier for the current
		machine. The 32-bit identifier is intended to be unique
		among all UNIX systems in existence. 
		</para>
	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="hostname">
	    <title>hostname</title>

		<para>
		Usage: hostname [OPTION]... [HOSTNAME|-F FILE]
		</para>

		<para>
		Get or set the hostname or DNS domain name. If a
		hostname is given (or a file with the -F parameter), the
		host name will be set.
		</para>

		<para>
		Options:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			-s		Short
			-i		Addresses for the hostname
			-d		DNS domain name
			-F, --file FILE Use the contents of FILE to specify the hostname
		</screen>
		</para>

		<para>
		Example:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			$ hostname
			slag
		</screen>
		</para>
	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="id">
	    <title>id</title>

		<para>
		Usage: id [OPTION]... [USERNAME]
		</para>

		<para>
		Print information for USERNAME or the current user.
		</para>

		<para>
		Options:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			-g	Print only the group ID
			-u	Print only the user ID
			-n      print a name instead of a number (with for -ug)
			-r	Print the real user ID instead of the effective ID (with -ug)
		</screen>
		</para>

		<para>
		Example:
		</para>

		<para>
		<screen>
			$ id
			uid=1000(andersen) gid=1000(andersen)
		</screen>
		</para>
	</sect1>

	<sect1 id="init">