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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content= "application/xhtml+xml; charset=iso-8859-1" /> <title> 10.50. Sysvinit-2.86 </title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../stylesheets/lfs.css" type="text/css" /> <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.69.1" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../stylesheets/lfs-print.css" type= "text/css" media="print" /> </head> <body id="lfs" class="CLFS-SVN-20060417-MIPS"> <div class="navheader"> <div class="headertitles"> <h4> Cross-Compiled Linux From Scratch - Version CLFS-SVN-20060417-MIPS </h4> <h3> Chapter 10. Installing Basic System Software </h3> </div> <ul class="headerlinks"> <li class="prev"> <a accesskey="p" href="sysklogd.html" title= "Sysklogd-1.4.1">Prev</a> <p> Sysklogd-1.4.1 </p> </li> <li class="next"> <a accesskey="n" href="tar.html" title="Tar-1.15.1">Next</a> <p> Tar-1.15.1 </p> </li> <li class="up"> <a accesskey="u" href="chapter.html" title= "Chapter 10. Installing Basic System Software">Up</a>. </li> <li class="home"> <a accesskey="h" href="../index.html" title= "Cross-Compiled Linux From Scratch - Version CLFS-SVN-20060417-MIPS"> Home</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="wrap" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <div class="titlepage"> <h1 class="sect1"> 10.50. Sysvinit-2.86 </h1> </div> <div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <p> The Sysvinit package contains programs for controlling the startup, running, and shutdown of the system. </p> <div class="segmentedlist"> <div class="seglistitem"> <div class="seg"> <strong><span class="segtitle">Installation depends on:</span></strong> <span class="seg">Binutils, Coreutils, GCC, Glibc, Make, and Sed</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="installation" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <div class="titlepage"> <h2 class="sect2"> 10.50.1. Installation of Sysvinit </h2> </div> <p> When run-levels are changed (for example, when halting the system), <span><strong class="command">init</strong></span> sends termination signals to those processes that <span><strong class= "command">init</strong></span> itself started and that should not be running in the new run-level. While doing this, <span><strong class="command">init</strong></span> outputs messages like “<span class="quote">Sending processes the TERM signal</span>” which seem to imply that it is sending these signals to all currently running processes. To avoid this misinterpretation, modify the source so that these messages read like “<span class="quote">Sending processes started by init the TERM signal</span>” instead: </p> <pre class="userinput"><kbd class="command">sed -i 's@Sending processes@& started by init@g' \ src/init.c</kbd></pre> <p> Compile the package: </p> <pre class="userinput"><kbd class="command">make -C src clobbermake -C src</kbd></pre> <p> Install the package: </p> <pre class="userinput"><kbd class="command">make -C src install</kbd></pre> </div> <div class="configuration" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <div class="titlepage"> <a id="conf-sysvinit" name="conf-sysvinit"></a> <h2 class="sect2"> 10.50.2. Configuring Sysvinit </h2> </div> <p> Create a new file <tt class="filename">/etc/inittab</tt> by running the following: </p> <pre class="userinput"><kbd class="command">cat > /etc/inittab << "EOF"<tt class="literal"># Begin /etc/inittabid:3:initdefault:si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc sysinitl0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 0l1:S1:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 1l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 2l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 3l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 4l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 5l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 6ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r nowsu:S016:once:/sbin/sulogin# Remove this section if you System only# has a console port1:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty1 96002:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty2 96003:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty3 96004:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty4 96005:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty5 96006:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty6 9600# Uncomment this section if your system has a console# port#c0:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 115200 ttyS0 vt100# End /etc/inittab</tt>EOF</kbd></pre> </div> <div class="content" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <div class="titlepage"> <a id="contents-sysvinit" name="contents-sysvinit"></a> <h2 class="sect2"> 10.50.3. Contents of Sysvinit </h2> </div> <div class="segmentedlist"> <div class="seglistitem"> <div class="seg"> <strong><span class="segtitle">Installed programs:</span></strong> <span class="seg">halt, init, killall5, last, lastb (link to last), mesg, pidof (link to killall5), poweroff (link to halt), reboot (link to halt), runlevel, shutdown, sulogin, telinit (link to init), utmpdump, and wall</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="variablelist"> <h3> <a id="id3687976" name="id3687976"></a>Short Descriptions </h3> <table border="0"> <col align="left" valign="top" /> <tbody> <tr> <td> <a id="halt" name="halt"></a><span class= "term"><span><strong class= "command">halt</strong></span></span> </td> <td> <p> Normally invokes <span><strong class= "command">shutdown</strong></span> with the <em class= "parameter"><tt>-h</tt></em> option, except when already in run-level 0, then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the file <tt class= "filename">/var/log/wtmp</tt> that the system is being brought down </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a id="init" name="init"></a><span class= "term"><span><strong class= "command">init</strong></span></span> </td> <td> <p> The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all the proceses it is instructed to </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a id="killall5" name="killall5"></a><span class= "term"><span><strong class= "command">killall5</strong></span></span> </td> <td> <p> Sends a signal to all processes, except the processes in its own session so it will not kill the shell running the script that called it </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a id="last" name="last"></a><span class= "term"><span><strong class= "command">last</strong></span></span> </td> <td> <p> Shows which users last logged in (and out), searching back through the <tt class="filename">/var/log/wtmp</tt> file; it also shows system boots, shutdowns, and run-level changes </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a id="lastb" name="lastb"></a><span class= "term"><span><strong class= "command">lastb</strong></span></span> </td> <td> <p> Shows the failed login attempts, as logged in <tt class= "filename">/var/log/btmp</tt> </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a id="mesg" name="mesg"></a><span class= "term"><span><strong class= "command">mesg</strong></span></span> </td> <td> <p> Controls whether other users can send messages to the current user's terminal </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a id="pidof" name="pidof"></a><span class= "term"><span><strong class= "command">pidof</strong></span></span> </td> <td> <p> Reports the PIDs of the given programs </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a id="poweroff" name="poweroff"></a><span class= "term"><span><strong class= "command">poweroff</strong></span></span> </td> <td> <p> Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer (see <span><strong class= "command">halt</strong></span>) </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a id="reboot" name="reboot"></a><span class= "term"><span><strong class= "command">reboot</strong></span></span> </td> <td> <p> Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see <span><strong class="command">halt</strong></span>) </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a id="runlevel" name="runlevel"></a><span class= "term"><span><strong class= "command">runlevel</strong></span></span> </td> <td> <p> Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the last run-level record in <tt class= "filename">/var/run/utmp</tt> </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a id="shutdown" name="shutdown"></a><span class= "term"><span><strong class= "command">shutdown</strong></span></span> </td> <td> <p> Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes and notifying all logged-in users </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a id="sulogin" name="sulogin"></a><span class= "term"><span><strong class= "command">sulogin</strong></span></span> </td> <td> <p> Allows <span class="emphasis"><em>root</em></span> to log in; it is normally invoked by <span><strong class= "command">init</strong></span> when the system goes into single user mode </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a id="telinit" name="telinit"></a><span class= "term"><span><strong class= "command">telinit</strong></span></span> </td> <td> <p> Tells <span><strong class="command">init</strong></span> which run-level to change to </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a id="utmpdump" name="utmpdump"></a><span class= "term"><span><strong class= "command">utmpdump</strong></span></span> </td> <td> <p> Displays the content of the given login file in a more user-friendly format </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a id="wall" name="wall"></a><span class= "term"><span><strong class= "command">wall</strong></span></span> </td> <td> <p> Writes a message to all logged-in users </p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> <div class="navfooter"> <ul> <li class="prev"> <a accesskey="p" href="sysklogd.html" title= "Sysklogd-1.4.1">Prev</a> <p> Sysklogd-1.4.1 </p> </li> <li class="next"> <a accesskey="n" href="tar.html" title="Tar-1.15.1">Next</a> <p> Tar-1.15.1 </p> </li> <li class="up"> <a accesskey="u" href="chapter.html" title= "Chapter 10. Installing Basic System Software">Up</a>. </li> <li class="home"> <a accesskey="h" href="../index.html" title= "Cross-Compiled Linux From Scratch - Version CLFS-SVN-20060417-MIPS"> Home</a>. </li> </ul> </div> </body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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