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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content= "application/xhtml+xml; charset=iso-8859-1" /> <title> 11.7. Configuring the Linux Console </title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../stylesheets/lfs.css" type="text/css" /> <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.69.1" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../stylesheets/lfs-print.css" type= "text/css" media="print" /> </head> <body id="lfs" class="CLFS-SVN-20060417-MIPS"> <div class="navheader"> <div class="headertitles"> <h4> Cross-Compiled Linux From Scratch - Version CLFS-SVN-20060417-MIPS </h4> <h3> Chapter 11. Setting Up System Bootscripts </h3> </div> <ul class="headerlinks"> <li class="prev"> <a accesskey="p" href="setclock.html" title= "Configuring the setclock Script">Prev</a> <p> Configuring the setclock Script </p> </li> <li class="next"> <a accesskey="n" href="sysklogd.html" title= "Configuring the sysklogd script">Next</a> <p> Configuring the sysklogd script </p> </li> <li class="up"> <a accesskey="u" href="chapter.html" title= "Chapter 11. Setting Up System Bootscripts">Up</a>. </li> <li class="home"> <a accesskey="h" href="../index.html" title= "Cross-Compiled Linux From Scratch - Version CLFS-SVN-20060417-MIPS"> Home</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <div class="titlepage"> <h1 class="sect1"> 11.7. Configuring the Linux Console </h1> </div> <p> This section discusses how to configure the <span><strong class= "command">console</strong></span> bootscript that sets up the keyboard map and the console font. If non-ASCII characters (e.g., the British pound sign and Euro character) will not be used and the keyboard is a U.S. one, skip this section. Without the configuration file, the <span><strong class="command">console</strong></span> bootscript will do nothing. </p> <p> The <span><strong class="command">console</strong></span> script reads the <tt class="filename">/etc/sysconfig/console</tt> file for configuration information. Decide which keymap and screen font will be used. Various language-specific HOWTO's can also help with this (see <a href= "http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/HOWTO-INDEX/other-lang.html"><i>http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/HOWTO-INDEX/other-lang.html</i></a>. A pre-made <tt class="filename">/etc/sysconfig/console</tt> file with known settings for several countries was installed with the LFS-Bootscripts package, so the relevant section can be uncommented if the country is supported. If still in doubt, look in the <tt class="filename">/usr/share/kbd</tt> directory for valid keymaps and screen fonts. Read <tt class="filename">loadkeys(1)</tt> and <tt class="filename">setfont(8)</tt> to determine the correct arguments for these programs. Once decided, create the configuration file with the following command: </p> <pre class="userinput"><kbd class="command">cat >/etc/sysconfig/console <<"EOF"<tt class="literal">KEYMAP="<em class="replaceable"><tt>[arguments for loadkeys]</tt></em>"FONT="<em class="replaceable"><tt>[arguments for setfont]</tt></em>"</tt>EOF</kbd></pre> <p> For example, for Spanish users who also want to use the Euro character (accessible by pressing AltGr+E), the following settings are correct: </p> <pre class="userinput"><kbd class="command">cat >/etc/sysconfig/console <<"EOF"<tt class="literal">KEYMAP="es euro2"FONT="lat9-16 -u iso01"</tt>EOF</kbd></pre> <div class="note"> <div class="admonhead"> <img alt="[Note]" src="../images/note.png" /> <h3 class="admontitle"> Note </h3> </div> <div class="admonbody"> <p> The <tt class="envar">FONT</tt> line above is correct only for the ISO 8859-15 character set. If using ISO 8859-1 and, therefore, a pound sign instead of Euro, the correct <tt class= "envar">FONT</tt> line would be: </p> <pre class="userinput"><kbd class="command">FONT="lat1-16"</kbd></pre> </div> </div> <p> If the <tt class="envar">KEYMAP</tt> or <tt class="envar">FONT</tt> variable is not set, the <span><strong class= "command">console</strong></span> initscript will not run the corresponding program. </p> <p> In some keymaps, the Backspace and Delete keys send characters different from ones in the default keymap built into the kernel. This confuses some applications. For example, Emacs displays its help (instead of erasing the character before the cursor) when Backspace is pressed. To check if the keymap in use is affected (this works only for i386 keymaps): </p> <pre class="userinput"><kbd class="command">zgrep '\W14\W' <em class="replaceable"><tt>[/path/to/your/keymap]</tt></em></kbd></pre> <p> If the keycode 14 is Backspace instead of Delete, create the following keymap snippet to fix this issue: </p> <pre class="userinput"><kbd class="command">mkdir -p /etc/kbd && cat > /etc/kbd/bs-sends-del <<"EOF"<tt class="literal"> keycode 14 = Delete Delete Delete Delete alt keycode 14 = Meta_Delete altgr alt keycode 14 = Meta_Delete keycode 111 = Remove altgr control keycode 111 = Boot control alt keycode 111 = Bootaltgr control alt keycode 111 = Boot</tt>EOF</kbd></pre> <p> Tell the <span><strong class="command">console</strong></span> script to load this snippet after the main keymap: </p> <pre class="userinput"><kbd class="command">cat >>/etc/sysconfig/console <<"EOF"<tt class="literal">KEYMAP_CORRECTIONS="/etc/kbd/bs-sends-del"</tt>EOF</kbd></pre> <p> To compile the keymap directly into the kernel instead of setting it every time from the <span><strong class= "command">console</strong></span> bootscript, follow the instructions given in <a href="../bootable/kernel.html" title= "12.3. Linux-2.6.16.5">Section 12.3, “Linux-2.6.16.5.”</a> Doing this ensures that the keyboard will always work as expected, even when booting into maintenance mode (by passing <tt class="option">init=/bin/sh</tt> to the kernel), because the <span><strong class= "command">console</strong></span> bootscript will not be run in that situation. Additionally, the kernel will not set the screen font automatically. This should not pose many problems because ASCII characters will be handled correctly, and it is unlikely that a user would need to rely on non-ASCII characters while in maintenance mode. </p> <p> Since the kernel will set up the keymap, it is possible to omit the <tt class="envar">KEYMAP</tt> variable from the <tt class= "filename">/etc/sysconfig/console</tt> configuration file. It can also be left in place, if desired, without consequence. Keeping it could be beneficial if running several different kernels where it is difficult to ensure that the keymap is compiled into every one of them. </p> </div> <div class="navfooter"> <ul> <li class="prev"> <a accesskey="p" href="setclock.html" title= "Configuring the setclock Script">Prev</a> <p> Configuring the setclock Script </p> </li> <li class="next"> <a accesskey="n" href="sysklogd.html" title= "Configuring the sysklogd script">Next</a> <p> Configuring the sysklogd script </p> </li> <li class="up"> <a accesskey="u" href="chapter.html" title= "Chapter 11. Setting Up System Bootscripts">Up</a>. </li> <li class="home"> <a accesskey="h" href="../index.html" title= "Cross-Compiled Linux From Scratch - Version CLFS-SVN-20060417-MIPS"> Home</a>. </li> </ul> </div> </body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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