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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content= "application/xhtml+xml; charset=iso-8859-1" /> <title> 8.4. Entering the Chroot Environment </title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../stylesheets/lfs.css" type="text/css" /> <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.69.1" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../stylesheets/lfs-print.css" type= "text/css" media="print" /> </head> <body id="lfs" class="CLFS-SVN-20060417-MIPS"> <div class="navheader"> <div class="headertitles"> <h4> Cross-Compiled Linux From Scratch - Version CLFS-SVN-20060417-MIPS </h4> <h3> Chapter 8. If You Are Going to Chroot </h3> </div> <ul class="headerlinks"> <li class="prev"> <a accesskey="p" href="kernfs.html" title= "Mounting Virtual Kernel File Systems">Prev</a> <p> Mounting Virtual Kernel File Systems </p> </li> <li class="next"> <a accesskey="n" href="changingowner.html" title= "Changing Ownership">Next</a> <p> Changing Ownership </p> </li> <li class="up"> <a accesskey="u" href="chapter.html" title= "Chapter 8. If You Are Going to Chroot">Up</a>. </li> <li class="home"> <a accesskey="h" href="../index.html" title= "Cross-Compiled Linux From Scratch - Version CLFS-SVN-20060417-MIPS"> Home</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <div class="titlepage"> <h1 class="sect1"> 8.4. Entering the Chroot Environment </h1> </div> <p> It is time to enter the chroot environment to begin building and installing the final LFS system. As user <tt class= "systemitem">root</tt>, run the following command to enter the realm that is, at the moment, populated with only the temporary tools: </p> <pre class="userinput"><kbd class="command">chroot "$LFS" /tools/bin/env -i \ HOME=/root TERM="$TERM" PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \ PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/tools/bin \ /tools/bin/bash --login +h</kbd></pre> <p> The <em class="parameter"><tt>-i</tt></em> option given to the <span><strong class="command">env</strong></span> command will clear all variables of the chroot environment. After that, only the <tt class="envar">HOME</tt>, <tt class="envar">TERM</tt>, <tt class= "envar">PS1</tt>, and <tt class="envar">PATH</tt> variables are set again. The <em class="parameter"><tt>TERM=$TERM</tt></em> construct will set the <tt class="envar">TERM</tt> variable inside chroot to the same value as outside chroot. This variable is needed for programs like <span><strong class="command">vim</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">less</strong></span> to operate properly. If other variables are needed, such as <tt class= "envar">CFLAGS</tt> or <tt class="envar">CXXFLAGS</tt>, this is a good place to set them again. </p> <p> From this point on, there is no need to use the <tt class= "envar">LFS</tt> variable anymore, because all work will be restricted to the LFS file system. This is because the Bash shell is told that <tt class="filename">$LFS</tt> is now the root (<tt class= "filename">/</tt>) directory. </p> <p> Notice that <tt class="filename">/tools/bin</tt> comes last in the <tt class="envar">PATH</tt>. This means that a temporary tool will no longer be used once its final version is installed. This occurs when the shell does not “<span class="quote">remember</span>” the locations of executed binaries—for this reason, hashing is switched off by passing the <em class="parameter"><tt>+h</tt></em> option to <span><strong class="command">bash</strong></span>. </p> <p> It is important that all the commands throughout the remainder of this chapter and the following chapters are run from within the chroot environment. If you leave this environment for any reason (rebooting for example), remember to first mount the <tt class= "systemitem">proc</tt> and <tt class="systemitem">devpts</tt> file systems (discussed in the previous section) and enter chroot again before continuing with the installations. </p> <p> Note that the <span><strong class="command">bash</strong></span> prompt will say <tt class="computeroutput">I have no name!</tt> This is normal because the <tt class="filename">/etc/passwd</tt> file has not been created yet. </p> </div> <div class="navfooter"> <ul> <li class="prev"> <a accesskey="p" href="kernfs.html" title= "Mounting Virtual Kernel File Systems">Prev</a> <p> Mounting Virtual Kernel File Systems </p> </li> <li class="next"> <a accesskey="n" href="changingowner.html" title= "Changing Ownership">Next</a> <p> Changing Ownership </p> </li> <li class="up"> <a accesskey="u" href="chapter.html" title= "Chapter 8. If You Are Going to Chroot">Up</a>. </li> <li class="home"> <a accesskey="h" href="../index.html" title= "Cross-Compiled Linux From Scratch - Version CLFS-SVN-20060417-MIPS"> Home</a>. </li> </ul> </div> </body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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