groovy-reference-card.tex

大名鼎鼎的java动态脚本语言。已经通过了sun的认证

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% -- tabular, good for html output
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\scalebox{0.35}{\includegraphics{one-groovy-logo.mps}}  &   {\large\textbf{Groovy}}      \\
                                                        &   {\large\textbf{Reference}}   \\
                                                        &   {\large\textbf{Summary}}
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\vskip 1.8in
%todo: black line

GROOVY-1.0-BETA-7

\vskip 0.25 in

{\em Second Edition\/} (September 2004)

This card is intended primarily for use by Groovy language programmers. It 
contains basic language information summarized from the online
documentation (http://groovy.codehaus.org). The card will be updated from 
time to time. However the above manual and others cited on the card
are the authoritative reference sources and will be first to reflect changes.

To distinguish them from instructions carried over from the Java Language,
the names of instructions essentially new with Groovy are shown
in italics.

Comments about this publication may be sent to the address below.

\vskip 2 in
Groovy Technical Publications Systems 

groovy.codehaus.org


\section{Keywords}
\subsection{Grammar}
\keywordSummaryHeader{
\keywordSummary{{\em as}        }{   import {\em type\/} as {\em id\/}}
\keywordSummary{assert          }{   assert {\em expr expr?\/}}
\keywordSummary{break           }{   break {\em lbl?\/}}
\keywordSummary{case            }{   switch {\em expr\/} case {\em expr stmt*\/}}
\keywordSummary{catch           }{   try {\em stmt*\/} catch {\em type id stmt*\/}}
\keywordSummary{class           }{   {\em mod*\/} class {\em id\/}}
\keywordSummary{continue        }{   continue {\em lbl?\/}}
\keywordSummary{{\em def}       }{   def {\em methodDeclaration\/}}
\keywordSummary{default         }{   switch {\em expr\/} case default{\em stmt*\/} }
\keywordSummary{do              }{   do {\em stmt*\/} while {\em expr\/}}
\keywordSummary{else            }{   if {\em expr stmt*\/} else if {\em expr stmt*\/}}
\keywordSummary{extends         }{   {\em mod*\/} class {\em id\/} extends {\em type\/}}
\keywordSummary{finally         }{   try {\em stmt*} finally {\em stmt*}}
\keywordSummary{for             }{   for {\em expr*};{\em expr};{\em expr} {\em stmt*\/}}
\keywordSummary{{\em for}       }{   for {\em id\/} in {\em id stmt*\/}}
\keywordSummary{if              }{   if {\em expr stmt*\/} else if {\em expr stmt*\/}}
\keywordSummary{{\em in}        }{   for {\em id\/} in {\em id stmt*\/}}
\keywordSummary{implements      }{   {\em mod*\/} class {\em id\/} implements {\em type*}}
\keywordSummary{import          }{   import {\em type\/}}
\keywordSummary{instanceof      }{   {\em expr\/} instanceof {\em type}}
\keywordSummary{interface       }{   {\em mod*\/} interface {\em id\/}}
%\keywordSummary{{\em mixin}     }{   {\em mod*\/} mixin {\em id\/}}
\keywordSummary{new             }{   new {\em type\/} }
\keywordSummary{package         }{   package {\em id\/}}
\keywordSummary{{\em property}  }{   {\em mod*\/} property {\em type?\/} {\em id\/}}
\keywordSummary{return          }{   return {\em expr?/} }
\keywordSummary{switch          }{   switch {\em expr\/} case {\em expr stmt*\/} }
\keywordSummary{throw           }{   throw {\em expr\/} }
\keywordSummary{throws          }{   {\em methodDeclaration} throws {\em type\/} }
\keywordSummary{try             }{   try {\em stmt*\/} catch {\em type id stmt*\/}}
\keywordSummary{while           }{   do {\em stmt*\/} while {\em expr\/}}
\keywordSummary{                }{   while {\em expr\/} {\em stmt*\/}}
}



% \subsection{Types}
% \keywordSummaryHeader{
% \keywordSummary{boolean         }{   true {\em or\/} false}
% \keywordSummary{byte            }{   -128 to 127}
% \keywordSummary{char            }{   u0000 to uFFFF }
% \keywordSummary{double          }{   $\pm 4.9E^{-324}$ to $\pm 1.8E^{+308}$}
% \keywordSummary{float           }{   $\pm 1.4E^{-45}$ to $\pm 3.4E^{+38}$}
% \keywordSummary{int             }{   -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647}
% \keywordSummary{long            }{   -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 }
% \keywordSummary{                }{   to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807}
% \keywordSummary{short           }{   -32,768 to 32,767}
% \keywordSummary{void            }{   }
% }

\vskip 0.5 in

\section{Groovy JDK}
% based upon DefaultGroovyMethods r1.114
\subsection{Collections and properties}
{\scriptsize {\em Note: cltn in this sense {\em can\/} include lists, sets, matchers, strings, charSeqs and arrays\/}}

\methodDetailHeader{
% a.getAt(b) and a.putAt(b,c) are equiv to a[b] and a[b] = c respectiv. 
%\methodDetail{ cltn. }{ getAt}{(index\textbar indices\textbar range) }{ obtains objects at specified {\em indicies\/} or in {\em range\/}}
%\methodDetail{ cltn. }{ getAt}{(property)                         }{ obtains {\em property\/} from each object in collection}
%\methodDetail{  obj. }{ putAt}{(idx, value)                       }{ put {\em value\/} at position {\em idx\/} } 
%\methodDetail{  obj. }{ putAt}{(propertyName, value)              }{ put {\em value\/} in the {\em propertyName\/} }
\methodDetail{  cltn }{[}{index\textbar indices\textbar range\textbar property {\bf ]}}{ obtains objects at specified location}
\methodDetail{   obj }{[}{index\textbar property{\bf ] =} value    }{ put {\em value\/} at location } 
\methodDetail{  cltn }{ \textless\textless}{ obj                  }{ append obj to collection}
\methodSummary{  cltn }{ $+$}{ obj                                   }{ append obj to collection}
%\methodDetail{  cltn }{ $+$}{ cltn                                  }{ append collection to collection}
\methodSummary{  list }{ $-$}{ cltn                                  }{ remove items from list}
\methodDetail{  cltn }{ $*$}{ num                                   }{ repeat items in collection a number of times}
\methodDetail{       }{  }{                                       }{ }
% no count() or getAt(range) for matchers!
\methodDetail{  obj. }{ getProperties}{()                         }{ obtain Map of properties on {\em obj\/}}
\methodDetail{  obj. }{ getMetaPropertyValues}{()                 }{ obtain List of meta properties on {\em obj\/}}
\methodDetail{ cltn. }{ count}{(obj) *                            }{ counts number of occurances of {\em obj\/} in collection}
\methodSummary{  map. }{ get}{(key, defaultValue) *                }{ try to get {\em key \/} from map, otherwise put {\em defaultValue\/} in map and return }
\methodSummary{ cltn. }{ size}{() *                                }{ returns size of an array or string }
\methodDetail{       }{   }{                                      }{ }
\methodDetail{ cltn. }{ collect}{() \{closure\} *                 }{ new collection of {\em closure \/} transformed items }
\methodDetail{  obj. }{ each}{() \{closure\} *                    }{ iterate through object applying {\em closure\/} }
\methodDetail{  obj. }{ eachWithIndex}{() \{closure\}             }{ iterate through object with a counter applying {\em closure\/} }
\methodDetail{  obj. }{ find}{() \{closure\} *                    }{ find first item picked by {\em closure \/} condition }
\methodDetail{  obj. }{ findAll}{() \{closure\} *                 }{ returns all items picked by {\em closure\/} condition }
\methodDetail{  obj. }{ findIndexOf}{() \{closure\}               }{ return first index that matches condition {\em closure\/} }
\methodSummary{  obj. }{ grep}{(regex\textbar range\textbar etc..) *               }{ returns all matching items }
\methodDetail{ cltn. }{ inject}{(value) \{closure\}               }{ returns closure( closure( closure(value,item0) ,item1) ,item2) ... }
\methodDetail{ cltn. }{ max}{([comparator]) \{closure\} *         }{ returns the maximum value found in the collection }
\methodDetail{ cltn. }{ min}{([comparator]) \{closure\} *         }{ returns the minimum value found in the collection }
\methodDetail{ list. }{ reverseEach}{() \{closure\}               }{ iterate backwards through list applying {\em closure\/}}