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📄 场效应管放大电路的静态分析.htm

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		<br/><div align="center"><h1 class="aTitle">场效应管放大电路的静态分析</h1></div>
		
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			<td width="120">[日期:<span id="TimeLabel">2006-02-06</span>]</td>
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		<div id="BodyLabel" class="content" style="display:block;padding:0px 10px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 根据偏置电路形式,场效应管放大电路的直流通路分为自给偏压电路和分压式偏置电路。<BR><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;一、自给偏压电路</B><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;用N沟道结型场效应管组成的自给偏压电路如图Z0217所示。<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;自给偏压原理:在正常工作范围内,场效应管的栅极几乎不取电流,<I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>G</FONT>= 0,所以,<FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><I>U</I></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>G</FONT> = 0,当有<I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I</FONT></I><FONT size=1>S</FONT> = <I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I</FONT></I><FONT size=1>D</FONT>流过<I><FONT size=2>R</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>S</FONT>时,<IMG height=199 src="upload/2006_02/060206140939361.gif" width=165 align=right>必然会产生一个电压<FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><I>U</I></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>S</FONT>=<I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>S</FONT><I><FONT size=2>R</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>S</FONT>=<I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>D</FONT><I><FONT size=2>R</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>S</FONT>,从而有<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><I>U</I></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>GS</FONT> = <FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><I>U</I></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>G</FONT>- <FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><I>U</I></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>S</FONT>= - <I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>D</FONT><I><FONT size=2>R</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>S</FONT><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;依靠场效应管自身的电流<I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>D</FONT><I><FONT size=2></FONT></I> 产生了栅极所需的负偏压,故称为自给偏压。<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;为了减小RS对放大倍数的影响,在<I><FONT size=2>R</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>S</FONT> 两端并联了一个旁路<a href="http://www.go-gddq.com/news/show.aspx?id=396&amp;cid=55" title="电容">电容</a> Cs。<BR>估算静态工作点,由图Z0217所示电路的直流通路可得:<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><I>U</I></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>GS</FONT> = <FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><I>U</I></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>G</FONT>- <FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><I>U</I></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>S</FONT>= - <I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>D</FONT><I><FONT size=2>R</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>S</FONT>GS0223<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><I>U</I></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>DS</FONT> = <FONT size=2><I><FONT face="Times New Roman">E</FONT></I></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>D</FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>- <I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>D</FONT>(<I><FONT size=2>R</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>S</FONT> + <I><FONT size=2>R</FONT></I>d) GS0224<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;结型场效应管的转移特性可近似表示为:<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<IMG height=60 src="upload/2006_02/060206140939362.gif" width=539><BR>式中<I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I</FONT></I><FONT size=1>DSS</FONT>为饱和漏电流,VP为夹断电压。<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;联立求解GS0223~GS0225各式,便可求得静态工作点<I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Q</FONT></I>(<I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>D</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><I>U</I></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>GS</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><I>U</I></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>DS</FONT>)。<BR><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;二、分压式偏置电路</B><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;由于参数<I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I</FONT></I><FONT size=1>DSS</FONT> ,VP 等与温度有关,因此,场效应管放大电路也要设法稳定静态工作点。<IMG height=187 src="upload/2006_02/060206140939363.gif" width=185 align=right>实际上,自给偏压电路就具有一定的稳定<I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Q</FONT></I>点的能力。例如:温度升高使<I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>D</FONT>增加时,<FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><I>U</I></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>S</FONT>也随之增加,从而使<FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><I>U</I></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>GS</FONT> 更负,反过来又抑制了<I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>D</FONT>的增大。但如果对温度稳定性要求更高时,单纯靠增大<I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>R</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>S</FONT>来稳定<I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Q</FONT></I>点,势必会导致Au下降,甚至产生严重的非线性失真。图Z0218所示的分压式偏置电路,通过<I><FONT size=2>R</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>1</FONT>与<I><FONT size=2>R</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>2</FONT>分压,给栅极一个固定的<I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>I</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>E</FONT>电压,这样就可以把<I><FONT size=2>R</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>S</FONT>选的比较大,而<I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>Q</FONT></I>点又不致于过低。图中<I><FONT size=2>R</FONT></I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1>g</FONT>的主要作用是增大输入<a href="http://www.go-gddq.com/news/show.aspx?id=383&amp;cid=58" title="电阻">电阻</a>,进一步减小栅极电流。<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;对分压式偏置电路,在确定静悉工作点时,同样可用图解法和计算法。与自给偏压电路不同之处是<I><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>U</FONT></I><FONT size=1>G</FONT>≠0。只需将栅源回路直流负载线方程改为:<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;<IMG height=54 src="upload/2006_02/060206140939364.gif" width=361></div><br/><br/>
		
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