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📁 关于嵌入式编程的tcl语法的资料
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<pre>
<code style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: 12">
~/tcltk$ <b>tclsh</b>
% <b>file exists hello3.tcl</b>
1
% <b>file executable testit</b>
0
% <b>file pathtype ./hello3.tcl</b>
relative
% <b>set dir1 home</b>
home
% <b>set dir2 brian</b>
brian
% <b>set dir3 tcltk</b>
tcltk
% <b>file join /$dir1 dir2 dir3</b>
/home/dir2/dir3 
% <b>file delete testit~</b>
%
			</code>
</pre>
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<td width="90%"><font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica"><b>路径和文件</b></font></td><td width="200" align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica"><nobr>   第 13 页（共15 页）</nobr></font></td>
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<font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica">
<p>文件和路径操作是跨平台环境中具有挑战性的问题。对于主机 OS，Tcl 使用 UNIX 路径名（缺省情况下，用&lsquo;/&rsquo;字符分隔）和本机路径名结构。即使当程序内的数据构造正确时，也很难确保用户输入与系统需求匹配。<i>file join</i> 命令用于将 UNIX 格式转换成本机路径名。其它路径字符串命令包括 <i>file split</i>、<i>dirname</i>、<i>file extension</i>、<i>nativename</i>、<i>pathtype</i> 和 <i>tail</i>。</p>
<p>在它扮演的&ldquo;工具控制语言&rdquo;角色中，Tcl 有许许多多种内部文件测试和操作功能。每条命令都以 <i>file</i> 开始，正如 <i>file exists name</i> 中一样。其它测试命令（它们都返回布尔值）包括 <i>executable</i>、<i>isdirectory</i>、<i>isfile</i>、<i>owned</i>、<i>readable</i> 和 <i>writable</i>。</p>
<p>文件信息和操作（再提醒您一次，所有都是以 <i>file</i> 开始）是通过 <i>atime</i>、<i>attributes</i>、<i>copy</i>、<i>delete</i>、<i>lstat</i>、<i>mkdir</i>、<i>mtime</i>、<i>readlink</i>、<i>rename</i>、<i>rootname</i>、<i>size</i>、<i>stat</i> 和 <i>type</i> 来完成。请注意，在 Windows 或 Mac 环境中运行一些文件信息命令时，可能会返回未定义的数据，因为例如在那些文件系统中没有表示索引节点和符号（<i>和</i>硬）链接数据。</p>
<p>使用 <i>file ...</i> 命令而不使用通过 <i>exec</i> 的本机命令的好处在于，前者会提供一个可移植接口。</p>
<p>整个文档只简单地着重于 Tcl 语言的这一部分。然而，在您&ldquo;品尝&rdquo;完左边这个 <i>tclsh</i> 示例中这些命令的味道并对此感到满足之后，然后请继续阅读本教程结尾部分列出的&ldquo;参考资料&rdquo;。</p>
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