rfc1658.txt

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Network Working Group                                                B.Srewart
Request for Comments: 1658                                           Xyplex.Inc
Obsoletes:1316                                                           
July1994
Category: Standards Track                            


使用SMIv2的字符流设备管理对象定义
(RFC1658—— Definitions of Managed Objects for Character Stream Devices using SMIv2)

本备忘录状态
   This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
   Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
   improvements.  Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
   Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
   and status of this protocol.  Distribution of this memo is unlimited.

目录
1.  介绍	2
2.  SNMPv2网络管理框架	2
2.1.  对象定义	2
3.  概要	2
3.1.  与MIB接口的关系	3
4.  定义	3
5.  感谢	18
6.  References	18
7.  安全考虑	19
8.  作者联系方式	19

1.  介绍
   本备忘录详细说明了一个和互联网社区的网络管理协议一起使用的管理信息基础的扩
展。特别的，它定义了字符流设备的管理对象。
2.  SNMPv2网络管理框架
   SNMPv2 网络管理框架包含四个主要的部分。它们是：

      o    RFC 1442 [1] 它定义了SMI, 一个用来描述和命名管理目的对象的机制。

      o    STD 17, RFC 1213 [2] 定义了MIB-II,  互联网协议套件管理对象的核心集。

      o    RFC 1445 [3] 定义了框架的管理和其他体系方面。

      o    RFC 1448 [4] 定义了用于从网络访问管理对象的协议。

   本框架允许定义用于实验和评估所使用的新对象。
2.1.  对象定义
   在管理信息基础（MIB）期间，通过实际信息存储来访问被管理对象。用在SMI中定义的
Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1)来定义MIB中的对象。 特别的，由对象标志符
（OBJECT IDENTIFIER）命名每一个目标对象类型，这是一个管理可分配的名字。对象类型
和对象实例服务器唯一识别一个特定的对象实例。为方便的原因，在描述中引用到对象类型
时，我们通常用文本字符串来表示。
3.  概要
   不管物理上存在的还是虚拟的，串行或并行的、同步或异步的，字符MIB应用于携带一
个字符流的端口。最常见的字符流设备例子是带有RS-232接口的硬件终端端口。另一个常
见的硬件例子是以Centronics命名的并行打印机端口。此也包括虚拟中断端口，如到一个
远程控制台的软件连接指针。
   对所有系统字符来说，MIB是强制用来提供字符流端口。 这里包含，举例来说，终端服
务、
  通用目的的时间共享（time-sharing）主机，甚至作为一个（虚）控制台端口的桥的系统。
依赖于系统的需要， 它可能包含不支持网络会话的字符端口。

   字符MIB的最核心抽象是端口。物理端口与硬件端口是一一对应的。虚拟端口是软件实
体模拟成硬件端口，但是没有硬件与之相连。每一个端口支持一个或多个会话。一个会话表
示一个虚拟连接带有该端口与其他端口之间通信的特征。 典型的，会话在网络协议栈上进
行。典型的会话很多，如使用基于TCP的Telnet。

   MIB包含一个基本对象和两个表，将在以下部分详述。表中包含端口和对话的对象。MIB
特意不区分我们经常叫常量和变量或可变数据集。由于MIB的这个目的，对这种区分是特定
执行的。
3.1.  与MIB接口的关系
   字符MIB不直接与MIB [1]接口相关，因为它不是一个固有的网络接口。另一个方面，
在它所出现的大多数场合中，它总是在物理子层接口之上，如类RS-232[2]或类并行打印机
[3]的MIB。典型的，这样的物理接口由在接口表中的一行来表示，由ifIndex的值来识别。
4.  定义
   CHARACTER-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN
   IMPORTS
       MODULE-IDENTITY, OBJECT-TYPE, NOTIFICATION-TYPE,
       Counter32, Integer32, Gauge32, TimeTicks
           FROM SNMPv2-SMI
       AutonomousType, InstancePointer
           FROM SNMPv2-TC
       InterfaceIndex
           FROM IF-MIB
       transmission, mib-2
           FROM RFC1213-MIB
       MODULE-COMPLIANCE, OBJECT-GROUP
           FROM SNMPv2-CONF;

   char MODULE-IDENTITY
       LAST-UPDATED "9405261700Z"
       ORGANIZATION "IETF Character MIB Working Group"
       CONTACT-INFO
               "        Bob Stewart
                Postal: Xyplex, Inc.
                        295 Foster Street
                        Littleton, MA 01460

                   Tel: [phone]
                   Fax: [phone]

                E-mail: [e-mail]"
       DESCRIPTION
               "The MIB module for character stream devices."
       ::= { mib-2 19 }

   PortIndex ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
       DISPLAY-HINT "d"
       STATUS current
       DESCRIPTION
               "A unique value, greater than zero, for each
               character port in the managed system.  It is
               recommended that values are assigned contiguously
               starting from 1.  The value for each interface sub-
               layer must remain constant at least from one re-
               initialization of the entity's network management
               system to the next re-initialization.

               In a system where the character ports are attached
               to hardware represented by an ifIndex, it is
               conventional, but not required, to make the
               character port index equal to the corresponding
               ifIndex."
       SYNTAX Integer32

   -- Generic Character information

   charNumber OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX Integer32
       MAX-ACCESS read-only
       STATUS current
       DESCRIPTION
           "The number of entries in charPortTable, regardless
           of their current state."
       ::= { char 1 }

   -- the Character Port table

   charPortTable OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF CharPortEntry
       MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
       STATUS current
       DESCRIPTION
           "A list of port entries.  The number of entries is
           given by the value of charNumber."
       ::= { char 2 }

   charPortEntry OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX CharPortEntry
       MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
       STATUS current
       DESCRIPTION
           "Status and parameter values for a character port."
       INDEX { charPortIndex }
       ::= { charPortTable 1 }

   CharPortEntry ::=
       SEQUENCE {
           charPortIndex
               PortIndex,
           charPortName
               DisplayString,
           charPortType
               INTEGER,
           charPortHardware
               AutonomousType,
           charPortReset
               INTEGER,
           charPortAdminStatus
               INTEGER,
           charPortOperStatus
               INTEGER,
           charPortLastChange
               TimeTicks,
           charPortInFlowType
               INTEGER,
           charPortOutFlowType
               INTEGER,
           charPortInFlowState
               INTEGER,
           charPortOutFlowState
               INTEGER,
           charPortInCharacters
               Counter32,
           charPortOutCharacters
               Counter32,
           charPortAdminOrigin
               INTEGER,
           charPortSessionMaximum
               INTEGER,
           charPortSessionNumber
               Gauge32,
           charPortSessionIndex
               INTEGER,
           charPortInFlowTypes

               OCTET STRING,
           charPortOutFlowTypes
               OCTET STRING,
           charPortLowerIfIndex
               InterfaceIndex
       }

   charPortIndex OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX PortIndex
       MAX-ACCESS read-only
       STATUS current
       DESCRIPTION
           "A unique value for each character port, perhaps
           corresponding to the same value of ifIndex when the
           character port is associated with a hardware port
           represented by an ifIndex."
       ::= { charPortEntry 1 }

   charPortName OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX DisplayString (SIZE (0..32))
       MAX-ACCESS read-write
       STATUS current
       DESCRIPTION
           "An administratively assigned name for the port,
           typically with some local significance."
       ::= { charPortEntry 2 }

   charPortType OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX INTEGER { physical(1), virtual(2) }
       MAX-ACCESS read-only
       STATUS current
       DESCRIPTION
           "The port's type, 'physical' if the port represents
           an external hardware connector, 'virtual' if it does
           not."
       ::= { charPortEntry 3 }

   charPortHardware OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX AutonomousType
       MAX-ACCESS read-only
       STATUS current
       DESCRIPTION
           "A reference to hardware MIB definitions specific to
           a physical port's external connector.  For example,
           if the connector is RS-232, then the value of this
           object refers to a MIB sub-tree defining objects
           specific to RS-232.  If an agent is not configured
           to have such values, the agent returns the object

           identifier:

               nullHardware OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { 0 0 }
           "
       ::= { charPortEntry 4 }

   charPortReset OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX INTEGER { ready(1), execute(2) }
       MAX-ACCESS read-write
       STATUS current
       DESCRIPTION
           "A control to force the port into a clean, initial
           state, both hardware and software, disconnecting all
           the port's existing sessions.  In response to a
           get-request or get-next-request, the agent always
           returns 'ready' as the value.  Setting the value to
           'execute' causes a reset."
       ::= { charPortEntry 5 }

   charPortAdminStatus OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX INTEGER { enabled(1), disabled(2), off(3),
                        maintenance(4) }
       MAX-ACCESS read-write
       STATUS current
       DESCRIPTION
           "The port's desired state, independent of flow
           control.  'enabled' indicates that the port is
           allowed to pass characters and form new sessions.
           'disabled' indicates that the port is allowed to
           pass characters but not form new sessions.  'off'
           indicates that the port is not allowed to pass
           characters or have any sessions. 'maintenance'
           indicates a maintenance mode, exclusive of normal
           operation, such as running a test.

           'enabled' corresponds to ifAdminStatus 'up'.
           'disabled' and 'off' correspond to ifAdminStatus
           'down'.  'maintenance' corresponds to ifAdminStatus
           'test'."
       ::= { charPortEntry 6 }

   charPortOperStatus OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX INTEGER { up(1), down(2),
                        maintenance(3), absent(4), active(5) }
       MAX-ACCESS read-only
       STATUS current
       DESCRIPTION
           "The port's actual, operational state, independent

           of flow control.  'up' indicates able to function
           normally.  'down' indicates inability to function
           for administrative or operational reasons.
           'maintenance' indicates a maintenance mode,
           exclusive of normal operation, such as running a
           test.  'absent' indicates that port hardware is not
           present.  'active' indicates up with a user present
           (e.g. logged in).

           'up' and 'active' correspond to ifOperStatus 'up'.
           'down' and 'absent' correspond to ifOperStatus
           'down'.  'maintenance' corresponds to ifOperStatus
           'test'."
       ::= { charPortEntry 7 }

   charPortLastChange OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX TimeTicks
       MAX-ACCESS read-only
       STATUS current
       DESCRIPTION
           "The value of sysUpTime at the time the port entered
           its current operational state.  If the current state
           was entered prior to the last reinitialization of
           the local network management subsystem, then this
           object contains a zero value."
       ::= { charPortEntry 8 }

   -- charPortInFlowType is deprecated in favor of
   -- charPortInFlowTypes

   charPortInFlowType OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX INTEGER { none(1), xonXoff(2), hardware(3),
                        ctsRts(4), dsrDtr(5) }
       MAX-ACCESS read-write
       STATUS deprecated
       DESCRIPTION
           "The port's type of input flow control.  'none'
           indicates no flow control at this level or below.
           'xonXoff' indicates software flow control by
           recognizing XON and XOFF characters.  'hardware'
           indicates flow control delegated to the lower level,
           for example a parallel port.

           'ctsRts' and 'dsrDtr' are specific to RS-232-like
           ports.  Although not architecturally pure, they are
           included here for simplicity's sake."
       ::= { charPortEntry 9 }

   -- charPortOutFlowType is deprecated in favor of
   -- charPortOutFlowTypes

   charPortOutFlowType OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX INTEGER { none(1), xonXoff(2), hardware(3),
                        ctsRts(4), dsrDtr(5) }
       MAX-ACCESS read-write
       STATUS deprecated
       DESCRIPTION
           "The port's type of output flow control.  'none'
           indicates no flow control at this level or below.
           'xonXoff' indicates software flow control by
           recognizing XON and XOFF characters.  'hardware'
           indicates flow control delegated to the lower level,
           for example a parallel port.

           'ctsRts' and 'dsrDtr' are specific to RS-232-like
           ports.  Although not architecturally pure, they are
           included here for simplicy's sake."
       ::= { charPortEntry 10 }

   charPortInFlowState OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX INTEGER { none(1), unknown(2), stop(3), go(4) }
       MAX-ACCESS read-only
       STATUS current
       DESCRIPTION
           "The current operational state of input flow control
           on the port.  'none' indicates not applicable.
           'unknown' indicates this level does not know.
           'stop' indicates flow not allowed.  'go' indicates
           flow allowed."
       ::= { charPortEntry 11 }

   charPortOutFlowState OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX INTEGER { none(1), unknown(2), stop(3), go(4) }
       MAX-ACCESS read-only
       STATUS current
       DESCRIPTION
           "The current operational state of output flow
           control on the port.  'none' indicates not
           applicable.  'unknown' indicates this level does not
           know.  'stop' indicates flow not allowed.  'go'
           indicates flow allowed."