rfc3066.txt

很多RFC的中文文档

特殊的范围“*”和任何标签匹配。

使用语言范围的某个协议会为 * 的语法制定一个附加规则，例如，HTTP/1.1 指定，* 只
与那些不与其他的包含在"Accept-Language:"头（header）声明的语言匹配。

注意：这种前缀匹配的规则的使用并不意味着语言标签也以这样的方式（即如果一个用
户理解了一种特定的标签语言，那么，他将理解所有的以这种标签为前缀的语言）被分配到
具体的语言，既不总是那么容易触类旁通的。一般来讲，前缀规则允许用户用这种前缀标签，
在适当条件下。

3． 语言标签的IANA 注册过程

任何人想要使用标签，包括在本文档2。2章没给出解释的，和已经注册IANA的，都必
须要用到这里给出的过程。

这个过程也可以用来注册IANA信息（关于前面定义的标签），例如，如果有一个用户想
要定义一个可被公众接受的关于像sgn-US(American Sign Language)这样的语言的参考书
时，就可用到它。

有第一个subtag即是"x"的标签不需要也不能注册。

注册的过程从填写下面的注册表单开始：




LANGUAGE TAG REGISTRATION FORM

   Name of requester          :                  
 //姓名

   E-mail address of requester:                 
  //电子邮件url

   Tag to be registered       :                 
   //要注册的标签

   English name of language   :             
      //语言的英文名

   Native name of language (transcribed into ASCII):
//本国语言名

   Reference to published description of the language (book or article):
//参考资料

   Any other relevant information:               
    //其他相关信息





在提交给IANA之前，这份表格必须要被发送到 [e-mail] 接受为期两
个星期的评论（这是一份公开列表，附加的请求请寄到 
[e-mail] 。

当两星期过去以后，这个标签的审查人（由IETF Applictions Area Director 指派的）
或者将您的请求提交给 [e-mail] ,或者因为表上存在的重大异议而拒绝它。注意，
评论人可以自行提议反对意见，如果他想这样做。重要的事是所提出的反对意见必须要公
开可见。

申请人有修改被拒绝的申请，并在次提交的自由；只需再次执行为期2个星期的评论期。

评论人的评定可以在同样规则下，像其他IETF评定[RFC 2026]一样，被呼吁到IESG[RFC 
2028].所有的注册表单都可以在线填写，http://www.iana.org/numbers.html ，在
languages 页中。

注册的更新过程与注册过程相同，语言标签评论人决定是否允许一个新的注册人更新由
其他人注册的信息；正常情况下，原来的注册者的反对将在这个决定中有额外的重量。

不存在注册的删除；当一些注册的标签不再被使用时，例如，因为一个相应的ISO 639
代码已经被注册，注册将被修改（加上一个标记，例如DEPRECATED: use <new code> 
instead，到other relevant information 的部分）。

注意：“出版描述（PUBLISHED DESCRIPTION）"的目的是帮助人们证实是否一种语言已
经被注册了，或者帮人们知道一个特别的标签指的是什么。大多数情况下，一个某种语言
权威的语法或词典将是很有用的；再没有这些（语法资料或词典）时，其他的熟知的描述
这种语言的方式也是可用的。语言标签评论人决定什么将构成一份足够好的参考资料。

4．安全因素
    
关于语言标签安全问题的唯一的一份论文（自RFC 1766 发布以来），声明了“安全问
题必将与此备忘录无关“，也讲到了关于语言范围的令人满意的协商结论——忽略发送者的
国籍，也因此为监视确定了潜在的目标。

一个问题的特殊情形是，你所发送的任何信息对接受方来说都是可见的；有所意识（这
样的情形会发生）是有好处的。

对额外威胁和可能的反措施的估计，将是每个应用协议的责任了。
5． 符号集合问题

语言标签可以总是以A-Z,a-z,0-9,和连词符号（HYPHEN-MINUS）表示，所以在语言标
签的表示上不会有字符集合的问题争论。

决定语言标签所使用的字符集的问题在这个备忘录中没有提到；然而，作出一个适于所
有情况的正确的决定被认为将是不可能的，除非在文中更换语言时有相应的定义。（当决定
一个引擎的字体是中文或是日文时，就会产生次最佳输出，就会遇到中日文混合的文本）。

6. 鸣谢

     This document has benefited from many rounds of review and comments
   in various fora of the IETF and the Internet working groups.

   Any list of contributors is bound to be incomplete; please regard the
   following as only a selection from the group of people who have
   contributed to make this document what it is today.

   In alphabetical order:

   Glenn Adams, Tim Berners-Lee, Marc Blanchet, Nathaniel Borenstein,
   Eric Brunner, Sean M. Burke, John Clews, Jim Conklin, Peter
   Constable, John Cowan, Mark Crispin, Dave Crocker, Mark Davis, Martin
   Duerst, Michael Everson, Ned Freed, Tim Goodwin, Dirk-Willem van
   Gulik, Marion Gunn, Paul Hoffman, Olle Jarnefors, Kent Karlsson, John
   Klensin, Alain LaBonte, Chris Newman, Keith Moore, Masataka Ohta,
   Keld Jorn Simonsen, Otto Stolz, Rhys Weatherley, Misha Wolf, Francois
   Yergeau and many, many others.

   Special thanks must go to Michael Everson, who has served as language
   tag reviewer for almost the complete period since the publication of
   RFC 1766, and has provided a great deal of input to this revision.

7．作者地址

     Harald Tveit Alvestrand
   Cisco Systems
   Weidemanns vei 27
   7043 Trondheim
   NORWAY

   Phone: [phone]
   EMail: [e-mail]

8．参考文献

     [ISO 639]   ISO 639:1988 (E/F) - Code for the representation of names
               of languages - The International Organization for
               Standardization, 1st edition, 1988-04-01 Prepared by
               ISO/TC 37 - Terminology (principles and coordination).
               Note that a new version (ISO 639-1:2000) is in
               preparation at the time of this writing.

   [ISO 639-2] ISO 639-2:1998 - Codes for the representation of names of
               languages -- Part 2: Alpha-3 code  - edition 1, 1998-11-
               01, 66 pages, prepared by a Joint Working Group of ISO
               TC46/SC4 and ISO TC37/SC2.

   [ISO 3166]  ISO 3166:1988 (E/F) - Codes for the representation of
               names of countries - The International Organization for
               Standardization, 3rd edition, 1988-08-15.

   [RFC 1327]  Kille, S., "Mapping between X.400 (1988) / ISO 10021 and
               RFC 822", RFC 1327, May 1992.

   [RFC 1521]  Borenstein, N., and N. Freed, "MIME Part One: Mechanisms
               for Specifying and Describing the Format of Internet
               Message Bodies", RFC 1521, September 1993.

   [RFC 2026]  Bradner, S., "The Internet Standards Process -- Revision
               3", BCP 9, RFC 2026, October 1996.

   [RFC 2028]  Hovey, R. and S. Bradner, "The Organizations Involved in
               the IETF Standards Process", BCP 11, RFC 2028, October
               1996.

   [RFC 2119]  Bradner, S."Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
               Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC 2234]  Crocker, D. and P. Overell, "Augmented BNF for Syntax
               Specifications: ABNF", RFC 2234, November 1997.

   [RFC 2616]  Fielding, R., Gettys, J., Mogul, J., Frystyk, H.,
               Masinter, L., Leach, P. and T. Berners-Lee, "Hypertext
               Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1", RFC 2616, June 1999.

   [RFC 2860]  Carpenter, B., Baker, F. and M. Roberts, "Memorandum of
               Understanding Concerning the Technical Work of the
               Internet Assigned Numbers Authority", RFC 2860, June
2000.

附录A:
               Language Tag Reference Material

   The Library of Congress, maintainers of ISO 639-2, has made the list
   of languages registered available on the Internet.

   At the time of this writing, it can be found at
   http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html

   The IANA registration forms for registered language codes can be
   found at http://www.iana.org/numbers.html under "languages".

   The ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency has published Web pages at

   http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/

附录B:
                Changes from RFC 1766

   - Email list address changed from [e-mail] to ietf-
     [e-mail]

   - Updated author's address

   - Added language-range construct from HTTP/1.1

   - Added use of ISO 639-2 language codes

   - Added reference to Library of Congress lists of language codes

   - Changed examples to use registered tags

   - Added "Any other information" to registration form

   - Added description of procedure for updating registrations

   - Changed target category for document from standards track to BCP

   - Moved the content-language header definition into another document

-	Added numbers to the permitted characters in language tags

版权声明

     Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2001).  All Rights Reserved.

   This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
   others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
   or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published
   and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any
   kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
   included on all such copies and derivative works.  However, this
   document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing
   the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other
   Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of
   developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for
   copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be
   followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than
   English.

   The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
   revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.

   This document and the information contained herein is provided on an
   "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING
   TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
   BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION
   HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
   MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

感谢
Internet 协会为此RFC编辑功能提供支持。


RFC3066——Tags for the Identification of Languages                    语言鉴定标签


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RFC文档中文翻译计划