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<b>Data Structures and Algorithms
with Object-Oriented Design Patterns in C++</b><br>
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<H1><A NAME="SECTION0018300000000000000000">Objects and Classes</A></H1>
<P>
``An <em>object</em><A NAME=57206> </A> is a region of storage[<A HREF="page619.html#ellis" tppabs="http://dictator.uwaterloo.ca/Bruno.Preiss/books/opus4/html/page619.html#ellis">12</A>].''
The <em>type</em> of the object determines how that region of storage
is interpreted and how it can be manipulated.
C++ provides <em>built-in types</em><A NAME=57210> </A>,
such as <tt>char</tt>, <tt>int</tt> and <tt>float</tt>,
and it supports the creation of <em>user-defined types</em>
using the <tt>class</tt> construct.
<P>
The <tt>class</tt> construct is what makes
C++ an <em>object-oriented</em> language.
A C++ class definition groups a set of values with a set of operations.
Classes facilitate modularity and information hiding.
The user of a class manipulates object instances of that class only
through a well-defined interface.
<P>
It is often the case that different classes possess common features.
Different classes may share common values;
they may perform the same operations;
they may support common interfaces.
In C++ such relationships are expressed using
<em>derivation</em> and <em>inheritance</em>.
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<LI> <A NAME="tex2html9272" HREF="page597.html#SECTION0018310000000000000000" tppabs="http://dictator.uwaterloo.ca/Bruno.Preiss/books/opus4/html/page597.html#SECTION0018310000000000000000">Member Variables and Member Functions</A>
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