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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN"><HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Glossary</TITLE></HEAD><BODY BGCOLOR="white"><table width="100%"> <tr> <td align=left height="26"> <img src="images/dim_PreviousArrow.gif" width=26 height=26 align=bottom border=0 alt="Previous | "><img src="images/dim_NextArrow.gif" width=26 height=26 align=bottom border=0 alt="Next | "><a href="alphaIndex.html"><img src="images/xml_IDX.gif" width=26 height=26 align=bottom border=0 alt="Index | "></a><a href="TOC.html"><imgsrc="images/xml_TOC.gif" width=26 height=26 align=bottom border=0 alt="TOC | "></a><a href="index.html"><imgsrc="images/xml_Top.gif" width=26 height=26 align=bottom border=0 alt="Top | "></a> </td> <td align=right height="26"><strong><em><a href="index.html">Top</a></em></strong> <a href="TOC.html"><strong><em>Contents</em></strong></a> <a href="alphaIndex.html"><strong><em>Index</em></strong></a> <em>Glossary</em> </td> </tr></table><h2>XML Glossary</h2><p> <center> </center><A HREF="#A">A</A> <A HREF="#B">B</A> <A HREF="#C">C</A> <A HREF="#D">D</A> <A HREF="#E">E</A> <A HREF="#F">F</A> <A HREF="#G">G</A> <A HREF="#H">H</A> <A HREF="#I">I</A> <A HREF="#J">J</A> <A HREF="#K">K</A> <A HREF="#L">L</A> <A HREF="#M">M</A> <A HREF="#N">N</A> <A HREF="#O">O</A> <A HREF="#P">P</A> <A HREF="#Q">Q</A> <A HREF="#R">R</A> <A HREF="#S">S</A> <A HREF="#T">T</A> <A HREF="#U">U</A> <A HREF="#V">V</A> <A HREF="#W">W</A> <A HREF="#X">X</A> <A HREF="#Y">Y</A> <A HREF="#Z">Z</A> <A HREF="#_">_</A> <HR><A NAME="A"><!-- --></A><H2><B>A</B></H2><DL> <dt><a name="archiving"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#archiving"><b>archiving</b></a> <dd>Saving the state of an object and restoring it. <dt> </dt> <dt> <dt><a name="attribute"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#attribute"><b>attribute</b></a> <dd>A qualifier on an XML <a href="#tag">tag</a> that provides additional information. For example, in the tag <code><slide title="My Slide"></code>, <code>title</code> is an attribute, and <code>My Slide</code> is its value. <dt> </DL><a name="B"><!-- --></a> <h2> <b>B</b></h2><dl> <dt><a name="binaryEntity"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#unparsedEntity"><b>binary entity</b></a> <dd>See <a href="#unparsedEntity">unparsed entity</a>. <dt> </dl><dl> <dt><a name="binding"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#binding"><b>binding</b></a> <dd>Construction of the code needed to process a well-defined bit of XML data. <dt> </dl><a name="C"><!-- --></a> <h2> <b>C</b></h2><dl> <dt><a name="comment"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#comment"><b>comment</b></a> <dd> Text in an XML document that is ignored, unless the parser is specifically told to recognize it. A comment is enclosed in a comment tag, like this: <b> <code><!--</code></b><code> This is a comment <b>--></b></code> <dt> </dt> <dt><a name="content"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#content"><b>content</b></a> <dd>The part of an XML document that occurs after the <a href="#prolog">prolog</a>, including the <a href="#root">root</a> element and everything it contains. <dt> </dt> <dt> <dt><a name="CDATA"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#CDATA"><b>CDATA</b></a> <dd> A predefined XML tag for "Character DATA" that says "don't interpret these characters", as opposed to "Parsed Character Data" (<code>PCDATA</code>), in which the normal rules of XML syntax apply (for example, angle brackets demarcate XML tags, tags define XML elements, etc.). CDATA sections are typically used to show examples of XML syntax. Like this: <pre> <b><![CDATA[</b> <slide>..A sample slide..</slide> <b>]]></b></pre> <b> </b>which displays as: <br> <br> <dt><b> </b> </dt> <dd> <pre> <slide>..A sample slide.. </slide> </pre> <dt> </dt></dl><a name="D"><!-- --></a> <h2> <b>D</b></h2><dl> <dt> <dt><a name="data"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#data"><b>data</b></a> <dd>The contents of an <a href="#element">element</a>, generally used when the element does not contain any subelements. When it does, the more general term <a href="#content">content</a> is generally used. When the only text in an XML structure is contained in simple elements, and elements that have subelements have little or no data mixed in, then that structure is often thought of as XML "data", as opposed to an XML <a href="#document">document</a>. <dt> </dt> <dt><a name="DDP"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#DDP"><b>DDP</b></a> <dd>Document-Driven Programming<a href="#document"></a>. The use of XML to define applications. <dt> </dt> <dt><a name="declaration"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#declaration"><b>declaration</b></a> <dd>The very first thing in an XML document, which declares it as XML. The minimal declaration is <code><?xml version="1.0"?></code>. The declaration is part of the document <a href="#prolog">prolog</a>. <dt><br> <dt><a name="document"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#document"><b>document</b></a> <dd>In general, an XML structure in which one or more <a href="#element">element</a>s contains text intermixed with subelements. See also: <a href="#data">data</a>. <dt> </dt> <dt><a name="DOM"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#DOM"><b>DOM</b></a> <dd>Document Object Model. A tree of objects with interfaces for traversing the tree and writing an XML version of it, as defined by the W3C specification. <dt> <dt><a name="DTD"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#DTD"><b>DTD</b></a> </dt> <dd>Document Type Definition. An optional part of the document <a href="#prolog">prolog</a>, as specified by the XML standard. The DTD specifies constraints on the valid tags and tag sequences that can be in the document. The DTD has a number of shortcomings however, which has led to various <a href="#schema">schema</a> proposals. For example, the DTD entry <code><!ELEMENT username (#PCDATA)></code> says that the XML element called <code>username</code> contains "Parsed Character DATA" -- that is, text alone, with no other structural elements under it. The DTD includes both the <a href="#localSubset">local subset</a>, defined in the current file, and the <a href="#externalSubset">external subset</a>, which consists of the definitions contained in external <code>.dtd</code> files that are referenced in the local subset using a <a href="#parameterEntity">parameter entity</a>. </dl><dl> <dt><a name="E"><!-- --></a> </dl><h2> <b>E</b></h2><dl> <dt><a name="element"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#element"><b>element</b></a> <dd>A unit of XML data, delimited by <a href="#tag">tag</a>s. An XML element can enclose other elements. For example, in the XML structure, "<code><slideshow><slide>..</slide><slide>..</slide></slideshow></code>", the <code><slideshow></code> element contains two <code><slide></code> elements.</dd> <dt><br> <a name="entity"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#entity"><b>entity</b></a> <dd>A distinct, individual item that can be included in an XML document by referencing it. Such an <a href="#entityReference">entity reference</a> can name an entity as small as a character (for example, "<code>&lt;</code>", which references the less-than symbol, or left-angle bracket (<code><</code>). An entity reference can also reference an entire document, or <a href="#externalEntity">external entity</a>, or a collection of DTD definitions (a <a href="#parameterEntity">parameter entity</a>). </dl><dl> <dt><a name="entityReference"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#entityReference"><b>entity reference</b></a> <dd>A reference to an <a href="#entity">entity</a> that is substituted for the reference when the XML document is parsed. It may reference a predefined entity like <code>&lt;</code> or it may reference one that is defined in the DTD. In the XML data, the reference could be to an entity that is defined in the <a href="#localSubset">local subset</a> of the DTD or to an external XML file (an <a href="#externalEntity">external entity</a>). The DTD can also carve out a segment of DTD specifications and give it a name so that it can be reused (included) at multiple points in the DTD by defining a <a href="#parameterEntity">parameter entity</a>. </dl><dl> <dt><a name="error"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#error"><b>error</b></a> <dd>A SAX parsing error is generally a validation error -- in other words, it occurs when an XML document is not <a href="#valid">valid</a>, although it can also occur if the <a href="#declaration">declaration</a> specifies an XML version that the parser cannot handle. See also: <a href="#fatalError">fatal error</a>, <a href="#warning">warning</a>. </dl><dl> <dt><a name="externalEntity"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#externalEntity"><b>external entity</b></a> <dd>An <a href="#entity">entity</a> that exists as an external XML file, which is included in the XML document using an <a href="#entityReference">entity reference</a>. </dl><dl> <dt><a name="externalSubset"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#externalSubset"><b>external subset</b></a> <dd> That part of the <a href="#DTD">DTD</a> that is defined by references to external <code>.dtd</code> files. <dt> </dt> <dt><a name="F"><!-- --></a> </dl><h2> <b>F</b></h2><dl> <dt><a name="fatalError"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#fatalError"><b>fatal error</b></a> <dd>A fatal error occurs in the SAX parser when a document is not well formed, or otherwise cannot be processed. See also: <a href="#error"> error</a>, <a href="#warning">warning</a>. </dl><dl> <dt><a name="G"><!-- --></a> </dl><h2> <b>G</b></h2><dl> <dt><a name="generalEntity"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#generalEntity"><b>general entity</b></a> <dd>An <a href="#entity">entity</a> that is referenced as part of an XML document's <a href="#content">content</a>, as distinct from a <a href="#parameterEntity">parameter entity</a>, which is referenced in the <a href="#DTD">DTD</a>. A general entity can be a <a href="#parsedEntity">parsed entity</a> or an <a href="#unparsedEntity">unparsed entity</a>. </dl><a name="H"><!-- --></a> <h2> <b>H</b></h2><dl> <dt><a name="html"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#html"><b>HTML</b></a> <dd>HyperText Markup Language. The language of the Web. A system where every document has a globally unique location, and documents can link to one another. <dt> </dt></dl><a name="I"><!-- --></a> <h2> <b>I</b></h2><a name="J"><!-- --></a> <h2> <b>J</b></h2><a name="K"><!-- --></a> <h2> <b>K</b></h2><a name="L"><!-- --></a> <h2> <b>L</b></h2><dl> <dt><a name="localSubset"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#localSubset"><b>local subset</b></a> <dd> That part of the <a href="#DTD">DTD</a> that is defined within the current XML file. <dt> </dl><a name="M"><!-- --></a> <h2> <b>M</b></h2><dl> <dt><a name="mixedContent"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#mixedContent"><b>mixed-content model </b></a> <dd>A DTD specification that defines an element as containing a mixture of text and one more other elements. The specification must start with <code>#PCDATA</code>, followed by alternate elements, and must end with the "zero-or-more" asterisk symbol (*). For example: <pre> <!ELEMENT item (#PCDATA | item)* > </pre> <dt> </dl><a name="N"><!-- --></a> <h2> <b>N</b></h2><dl> <dt><a name="namespace"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#namespace"><b>namespace</b></a> <dd>A standard that lets you specify a unique label to the set of element names defined by a <a href="#DTD">DTD</a>. A document using that DTD can be included in any other document without having a conflict between element names. The elements defined in your DTD are then uniquely identified so that, for example, the parser can tell when an element called <code><name></code> should be interpreted according to your DTD, rather than using the definition for an element called "name" in a different DTD. <dt> </dl><dl> <dt><a name="normalization"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#normalization"><b>normalization</b></a> <dd>The process of removing redundancy by modularizing, as with subroutines, and of removing superfluous differences by reducing them to a common denominator. For example, line endings from different systems are normalized by reducing them to a single NL, and multiple whitespace characters are normalized to one space. <dt> </dt> <dt><a name="notation"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#notation"><b>notation</b></a> <dd>A mechanism for defining a data format for a non-XML document referenced as an <a href="#unparsedEntity">unparsed entity</a>. This is a holdover from SGML that creaks a bit. The newer standard is to use MIME datatypes and namespaces to prevent naming conflicts. </dl><a name="O"><!-- --></a> <h2> <b>O</b></h2><dl> <dt><a name="OASIS"></a><a href="alphaIndex.html#OASIS"><b>OASIS</b></a> </dt> <dd>Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards. Their home site is <a href="http://www.oasis-open.org/">http://www.oasis-open.org/</a>. The DTD repository they sponsor is at <a href="http://www.XML.org">http://www.XML.org</a>. </dl><a name="P"><!-- --></a> ⌨️ 快捷键说明
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