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<h3><span lang=EN-US>16. </span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial'>避免使用宏</span></h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>摘要</span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>实</span><span lang=EN-US>_</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>话</span><span lang=EN-US>_</span><span style='font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>实</span><span
lang=EN-US>_</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>说（</span><span lang=EN-US>TO_PUT_IT_BLUNTLY</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>）：宏是</span><span lang=EN-US>C</span><span style='font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>和</span><span
lang=EN-US>C++</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>的抽象工具中最生硬的方法，它们贪婪地蚕食函数的表层，难以管理，在整个作用域中自行其事。应该避免使用。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>讨论</span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>很难找到华丽的语言来描述宏，不过我们会尽量尝试。下面这段话引自</span><span
lang=EN-US>[Sutter04] §31:</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:36.0pt'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>由于各种原因，宏是一个令人讨厌，气味难闻，乱拱被子的家伙。其中最主要的原因在于它们是一种美其名曰的文本替换工具，它在预处理时生效，而这时</span><span
lang=EN-US>C++</span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>的语法和语义规则甚至都还没有起作用。</span></i></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>唯恐在这一点上还有任何含糊不清，我们同时记录了</span><span
class=SpellE><span lang=EN-US>Bjarne</span></span><span lang=EN-US> <span
class=SpellE>Stroustup</span></span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>所写的：</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:36.0pt'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
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