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<o:Created>2005-08-07T04:11:00Z</o:Created>
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<h3><span lang=EN-US>6. </span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial'>以正确，简单，清晰为上。</span></h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>摘要</span><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>KISS</span><span style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>（</span><span
lang=EN-US>Keep It Simple Software</span><span style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>保持软件的简单性）：正确比快速要好。简单比复杂要好。清晰比晦涩要好。安全要比不安全要好（参见第</span><span
lang=EN-US>83</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>条和第</span><span lang=EN-US>99</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>条）。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>讨论</span><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>很难夸大简单的设计和清晰的代码的价值。维护你的代码的人会因为你把代码写得易懂而感谢你——而这个人很可能就是将来的你自己，试着回想起六个月前所想的东西。正因为如此才有了这些经典的名言：</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:1.75gd'><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>程序必须是为人们阅读而编写，只是顺便给机器去运行。</span></i><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>——</span><span lang=EN-US>Harold <span class=SpellE>Abelson</span>
and <span class=SpellE>Berald</span> Jay <span class=SpellE>Sussman</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:1.75gd'><span
lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:1.75gd'><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>首先为人编写程序，然后才是计算机。</span></i><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>——</span><span lang=EN-US>Steve <span class=SpellE>McConnel</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:1.75gd'><span
lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:1.75gd'><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>最便宜，最快，最可靠的计算机系统部件是那些尚未生产出来的。</span></i><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>——</span><span lang=EN-US>Gordon Bell</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:1.75gd'><span
lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:1.75gd'><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>那些不存在的部件都是最精确的（它们从来不犯错误），最安全的（它们无法被侵入），也最容易设计，为之编写文档，测试和维护。简单的设计的重要性不会被过分强调。</span></i><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>——</span><span lang=EN-US>Jon Bentley</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>本书中的许多条目会自然地导向这样的设计和代码：它们容易更改，而它们的清晰性则是易维护，易重构的程序中最优秀的品质。你无法充满自信地更改你无法理解的（设计或代码）。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>也许这个领域内最常见的对立就是代码的清晰性和代码的优化（参见第</span><span
lang=EN-US>7</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>8</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>9</span><span style='font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>条）。当——而不是如果——你面对诱惑，想要为了性能而优化不成熟的代码并因此对代码的清晰性退而求次的话，请重温一下第</span><span
lang=EN-US>8</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>条的要点：使一个正确的程序变快要比使一个快的程序变得正确要容易得多得多。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>避免语言中的“肮脏角落”。用最简单有效的技术。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>示例</span><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>示例</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>：避免没有必要</span><span lang=EN-US>/</span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>自做聪明的运算符重载。</span></i><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>有一个不必要地古怪的</span><span lang=EN-US>GUI</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>库让用户写</span><span lang=EN-US>w + c; </span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>这样的代码来把控件</span><span lang=EN-US>c</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>加入到窗口部件</span><span lang=EN-US>w</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>中（参见第</span><span lang=EN-US>26</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>条）。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>示例</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>：最好用具名变量（</span><span lang=EN-US>named
variables</span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>）而不是临时变量（</span><span lang=EN-US>temporaries</span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>）作为构造函数的参数（</span><span
lang=EN-US>constructor parameters</span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>）。</span></i><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>这避免了可能存在的不明确的声明。这通常也使得代码的目的更为清晰，因此更易于维护。这通常也更安全（参见第</span><span
lang=EN-US>13</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>31</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>条）。</span></p>
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