1996.1.htm

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  beenfound so far.<br>
  51. According to the first paragraph, the atmosphere is essential to man in 
  that ______.<br>
  A) it protects him against the haumful rays from space<br>
  B) it provides sufficient light for plant growth<br>
  C) it supplies the heat necessary for human survival<br>
  D) it screens off the falling meteors<br>
  52. We know from the passage that ______.<br>
  A) exposure to even tiny amounts of radiation is fatal<br>
  B) the effect of exposure to radiation is slow in coming<br>
  C) radiation is avoidable in space exploration<br>
  D) astronauts in spacesuits needn't worry about radiation damage<br>
  53. The harm radiation has done to the Apollo crew members ______.<br>
  A) is insignifiacant B) seems overestimated<br>
  C) is enormous D) remains unknown<br>
  54. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.<br>
  A) the Apollo mission was very successful<br>
  B) protection from space radiation is no easy job<br>
  C) astronauts will have deformed children or grandchildren<br>
  D) radiation is not a threat to well-protected space explorers<br>
  55. The best title for this passage would be ______.<br>
  A) The Atmosphere and Our Environment B) Research on Radiation<br>
  C) Effects of Space Radiation D) Importance of Protection Against Radiation<br>
  Passage Two<br>
  Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage:<br>
  Taste is such a subjective matter that we don't usually conduct preference 
  tests for food. The most you can say about anyone's preference, is that it's 
  one person's opinion. But because the two big cola (可乐饮料) 
  companies-Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola are marketed so aggressively, we've 
  wondered how big a role taste preference actually plays in brand loyalty. We 
  set up a taste test that challenged people who identified themselves as either 
  Coca-Cola or Pepsi fans: Find your brand in a blind tasting.<br>
  We invited staff volunteers who had a strong liking for either Coca-Cola 
  Classic (传统型) or Pepsi, Diet (低糖的) Coke, or Diet Pepsi.These were 
  people who thought they'd have no trouble telling their brand from the other 
  brand.<br>
  We eventually located 19 regular cola drinkers and 27 diet cola drinkers. Then 
  we fed them four unidentified samples of cola one at a time, regular colas for 
  the one group, diet versions for the other. We asked them to tell us whether 
  each sample was Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed the records statistically to 
  compare the participants' choices with what mere guess-work could have 
  accomplished.<br>
  Getting all four samples right was a tough test, but not too tough,we thought, 
  for people who believed they could recogniza their brand.In the end, only 7 
  out of 19 regular cola drinkers correctly identified their brand of choice in 
  all four trials. The diet-cola drinkers did a little worse-only 7 to 27 
  identified all four samples correctly.<br>
  While both groups did better than chance would predict, nearly half the 
  participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times.Two people 
  got all four samples wrong. Overall, half the participants did about as well 
  on the last round of tasting as on the first, so fatigue, or taste burnout, 
  was not a factor. Our preference test results suggest that only a few Pepsi 
  participants and Coke fans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by 
  taste and price.<br>
  56. According to the passage the preference test was conducted in order to 
  _______.<br>
  A) find out the role taste preference plays in a person's drinking<br>
  B) reveal which cola is more to the liking of the drinkers<br>
  C) show that a person's opinion about taste is mere guess-work<br>
  D) compare the ability of the participants in choosing their drinks<br>
  57. The statistics recorded in the preference tests show _____.<br>
  A) Coca-Cola and Pepsi are people's two most favorite drinks<br>
  B) there is not much difference in taste between Coca-Cola and Pepsi<br>
  C) few people had trouble telling Coca-Cola from Pepsi<br>
  D) people's tastes differ from one another<br>
  58. It is implied in the first paragraph that ______.<br>
  A) the purpose of taste tests is to promote the sale of colas<br>
  B) the improvement of quality is the chief concern of the two cola companies<br>
  C) the competition between the two colas is very strong<br>
  D) blind tasting is necessary for identifying fans<br>
  59. The word &quot;burnout&quot; (Line 4, Para. 5) here refers to the state of 
  _____.<br>
  A) being seriously burnt in the skin<br>
  B) being unable to burn for lack of fuel<br>
  C) being badly damaged by fire<br>
  D) being unable to function because of excessive use<br>
  60. The author's purpose in writing this passage is to ______.<br>
  A) show that taste preference is highly subjective<br>
  B) argue that taste testing is an important marketing strategy<br>
  C) emphasize that taste and price are closely related to each other<br>
  D) recommend that blind tasting be introduced in the quality control of colas<br>
  Passage Three<br>
  Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage:<br>
  The concept of &quot;environment&quot; is certainly difficult and may even be 
  misunderstood; but we have no handy substitute. It seems simple enough to 
  distinguish between the organism and the surrounding environment and to 
  separate forces acting on an organism into those that are internal and 
  biological and those that are external and environmental. But in actual 
  practice this system breaks down in many ways, because the organism and the 
  environment are constantly interacting so that the environment is modified by 
  the organism and vice versa (反之亦然).<br>
  In the case of man, the difficulties with the environmental concept are even 
  more complicated because we have to deal with man as an animal and with man as 
  a bearer (持有者) of culture. If we look at man as an animal and try to 
  analyze the environmental forces that are acting on the organism, we find that 
  we have to deal with things like climate,soil, plants, and such-like factors 
  common to all biological situations; but we also find, always, very important 
  environmental influences that we can only class as &quot;cultural&quot;, which 
  modify the physical and biological factors. but man, as we know him, is always 
  a bearer of culture; and if we study human culture, we find that it, in turn, 
  is modified by the environmental factors of climate and geography. We thus 
  easily get into great difficulties from the necessity of viewing culture, at 
  one moment, as a part of the man and, at another moment, as a part of the 
  environment.<br>
  61. Which of the following words can best describe the popular understanding 
  of &quot;environment&quot; as the author sees it?<br>
  A) Elaborate B)Prejudiced. C)Faultless D)Oversimplifid<br>
  62. According to the author the concept of &quot;environment&quot; is 
  difficult to explain because _______.<br>
  A) it doesn't distinguish between the organism and the environment<br>
  B) it involves both internal and external forces<br>
  C) the organism and the environment influence each other<br>
  D) the relationship between the organism and the environment is unclear<br>
  63. In analyzing the environmental forces acting on man the author suggests 
  that _______.<br>
  A) biological factors are less important to the organism than cultural factors 
  to man<br>
  B) man and other animals are modified equally by the environmental forces<br>
  C) man is modified by the cultural environment as well as by the natural 
  environment<br>
  D) physical and biological factors exert more influence on other organisms 
  than on man<br>
  64. As for culture, the author points out that ______.<br>
  A) it develops side byside with environmental factors<br>
  B) it is also affected by environmental factors<br>
  C) it is generally accepted to be part of the environment<br>
  D) it is a product of man's biological instincts<br>
  65. In this passage, the author is primarily concerned with ______.<br>
  A) the interpretation of the term &quot;environment&quot;<br>
  B) the discussion on organisms and biological environment<br>
  C) the comparison between internal and external factors influencing man<br>
  D) the evaluation of man's influence on culture<br>
  Passage Four<br>
  Questions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage:<br>
  The speaker, a teacher from a community college, addressed a sympathetic 
  audience. Heads nodded in agreement when he said, &quot;High school English 
  teachers are not doing their jobs.&quot; He described the inadequacies of his 
  students, all high school graduates who can uselanguage only at a grade 9 
  level. I was unable to determine from his answers to my questions how this 
  grade 9 level had been established.<br>
  My topic is not standards nor its decline (降低). What the speaker was 
  really saying is that he is no longer young; he has been teaching for sixteen 
  years, and is able to think and speak like a mature adult.<br>
  My point is that the frequent complaint of one generation about the one 
  immediately following it is inevitable. It is also human nature to look for 
  the reasons for our dissatisfaction. Before English became a school subject in 
  the late nineteenth century, it was difficult to find the target of the blame 
  for language deficiencies (缺陷). But since then, English teachers have been 
  under constant attack.<br>
  The complainers think they have hit upon an original idea. As their own 
  command of the language improves, they notice that young people do not have 
  this same ability. Unaware that their own ability has developed through the 
  years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this 
  respect. To the eyes and ears of sensitive adults the language of the young 
  always seems inadequate.<br>
  Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not 
  perceived as a generational phenomenon but rathe as something new and peculiar 
  to today's young people, it naturally follows that today's English teachers 
  cannot be doing their jobs.Otherwise, young people would not commit offenses 
  against the language.<br>
  66. The speaker the author mentioned in the passage believed that _____.<br>
  A) the language of the younger generation is usually inferior to theat of the 
  older generation<br>
  B) the students had a poor command of English because they didn't work hard 
  enough<br>
  C) he was an excellent language teacher because he had been teaching English 
  for sixteen years<br>
  D) English teachers should be held responsible for the students' poor command 
  of English<br>
  67. In the author's opinion, the speaker ______.<br>
  A) gave a correct judgement of the English level of the students<br>
  B) had exaggerated the language problems of the students<br>
  C) was right in saying that English teachers were not doing their jobs<br>
  D) could think and speak intelligently<br>
  68. The author's attitude towards the speaker's remarks is ______.<br>
  A) neutral B) positive C) critical D) compromising<br>
  69. It can be concluded from the passage that ______.<br>
  A) it is justifiable to include English as a school subject<br>
  B) the author disagrees with the speaker over the stadard of English at Grade 
  9 level<br>
  C) English language teaching is by no means an easy job<br>
  D) Language improvement needs time and effort<br>
  70. In the passage the author argues that ______.<br>
  A) it is unfair to blame the English teachers for the language deficiencies of 
  the students<br>
  B) young people would not commit offences against the language if the teachers 
  did their jobs properly<br>
  C) to eliminate language deficiencies one must have sensitive eyes and ears<br>
  D) to improve the standard of English requires the effort of several 
  generations</p>
  <p class="z9130">Part IV Translation (15 minutes)<br>
  Directions: In this part, there are five items which you should translate into 
  Chinese, each item consisting of one or two sentences.These sentences are all 
  taken from the Reading Passages you have just read in Part Three of Test Paper 
  One. You are allowed 15 minutes to do the translation. You should refer back 
  to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.<br>
  71. (Passage 2, Lines 1-2, Para. 5)<br>
  Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation 
  than 0.1 rem without being damaged;</p>
  <p class="z9130"><br>
  72. (Passage 2, Lines 1-3, Para. 3)<br>
  Then we fed them four unidentified samples of cola on at a time,regular colas 
  for the one group, diet versions for the other.</p>
  <p class="z9130"><br>
  73. (Passage 2, Lines 1-2, Para. 5)<br>
  While both groups did better than chance would predict, nearly half the 
  participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times.</p>
  <p class="z9130"><br>
  74. (Passage 3, Lines 4-5, Para. 2)<br>
  ... we find that we have to deal with things like climate, soil,plants, and 
  such-like factors common to all biological situations;</p>
  <p class="z9130"><br>
  75. (Passage 4, Lines 1-2, Para. 3)<br>
  My point is that the frequent complaint of one generation about the one 
  immediately following it is inevitable.</p>
</blockquote>

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