qemu-doc.html

qemu虚拟机代码

</DL>

<P>
More information is available at
<A HREF="http://perso.magic.fr/l_indien/qemu-ppc/">http://perso.magic.fr/l_indien/qemu-ppc/</A>.




<H2><A NAME="SEC43" HREF="qemu-doc.html#TOC43">4.2 Sparc32 System emulator invocation</A></H2>

<P>
Use the executable <TT>`qemu-system-sparc'</TT> to simulate a JavaStation
(sun4m architecture). The emulation is somewhat complete.


<P>
QEMU emulates the following sun4m peripherals:



<UL>
<LI>

IOMMU
<LI>

TCX Frame buffer
<LI>

Lance (Am7990) Ethernet
<LI>

Non Volatile RAM M48T08
<LI>

Slave I/O: timers, interrupt controllers, Zilog serial ports, keyboard
and power/reset logic
<LI>

ESP SCSI controller with hard disk and CD-ROM support
<LI>

Floppy drive
</UL>

<P>
The number of peripherals is fixed in the architecture.


<P>
QEMU uses the Proll, a PROM replacement available at
<A HREF="http://people.redhat.com/@/zaitcev/linux/">http://people.redhat.com/@/zaitcev/linux/</A>. The required
QEMU-specific patches are included with the sources.


<P>
A sample Linux 2.6 series kernel and ram disk image are available on
the QEMU web site. Please note that currently neither Linux 2.4
series, NetBSD, nor OpenBSD kernels work.


<P>
The following options are specific to the Sparc emulation:


<DL COMPACT>

<DT><SAMP>`-g WxH'</SAMP>
<DD>
Set the initial TCX graphic mode. The default is 1024x768.

</DL>



<H2><A NAME="SEC44" HREF="qemu-doc.html#TOC44">4.3 Sparc64 System emulator invocation</A></H2>

<P>
Use the executable <TT>`qemu-system-sparc64'</TT> to simulate a Sun4u machine.
The emulator is not usable for anything yet.


<P>
QEMU emulates the following sun4u peripherals:



<UL>
<LI>

UltraSparc IIi APB PCI Bridge 
<LI>

PCI VGA compatible card with VESA Bochs Extensions
<LI>

Non Volatile RAM M48T59
<LI>

PC-compatible serial ports
</UL>



<H2><A NAME="SEC45" HREF="qemu-doc.html#TOC45">4.4 MIPS System emulator invocation</A></H2>

<P>
Use the executable <TT>`qemu-system-mips'</TT> to simulate a MIPS machine.
The emulator is able to boot a Linux kernel and to run a Linux Debian
installation from NFS. The following devices are emulated:



<UL>
<LI>

MIPS R4K CPU
<LI>

PC style serial port
<LI>

NE2000 network card
</UL>

<P>
More information is available in the QEMU mailing-list archive.




<H2><A NAME="SEC46" HREF="qemu-doc.html#TOC46">4.5 ARM System emulator invocation</A></H2>

<P>
Use the executable <TT>`qemu-system-arm'</TT> to simulate a ARM
machine. The ARM Integrator/CP board is emulated with the following
devices:



<UL>
<LI>

ARM926E or ARM1026E CPU
<LI>

Two PL011 UARTs
<LI>

SMC 91c111 Ethernet adapter
</UL>

<P>
A Linux 2.6 test image is available on the QEMU web site. More
information is available in the QEMU mailing-list archive.




<H1><A NAME="SEC47" HREF="qemu-doc.html#TOC47">5. QEMU Linux User space emulator</A></H1>



<H2><A NAME="SEC48" HREF="qemu-doc.html#TOC48">5.1 Quick Start</A></H2>

<P>
In order to launch a Linux process, QEMU needs the process executable
itself and all the target (x86) dynamic libraries used by it. 



<UL>

<LI>On x86, you can just try to launch any process by using the native

libraries:


<PRE>
qemu-i386 -L / /bin/ls
</PRE>

<CODE>-L /</CODE> tells that the x86 dynamic linker must be searched with a
<TT>`/'</TT> prefix.

<LI>Since QEMU is also a linux process, you can launch qemu with qemu (NOTE: you can only do that if you compiled QEMU from the sources):


<PRE>
qemu-i386 -L / qemu-i386 -L / /bin/ls
</PRE>

<LI>On non x86 CPUs, you need first to download at least an x86 glibc

(<TT>`qemu-runtime-i386-XXX-.tar.gz'</TT> on the QEMU web page). Ensure that
<CODE>LD_LIBRARY_PATH</CODE> is not set:


<PRE>
unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH 
</PRE>

Then you can launch the precompiled <TT>`ls'</TT> x86 executable:


<PRE>
qemu-i386 tests/i386/ls
</PRE>

You can look at <TT>`qemu-binfmt-conf.sh'</TT> so that
QEMU is automatically launched by the Linux kernel when you try to
launch x86 executables. It requires the <CODE>binfmt_misc</CODE> module in the
Linux kernel.

<LI>The x86 version of QEMU is also included. You can try weird things such as:


<PRE>
qemu-i386 /usr/local/qemu-i386/bin/qemu-i386 \
          /usr/local/qemu-i386/bin/ls-i386
</PRE>

</UL>



<H2><A NAME="SEC49" HREF="qemu-doc.html#TOC49">5.2 Wine launch</A></H2>


<UL>

<LI>Ensure that you have a working QEMU with the x86 glibc

distribution (see previous section). In order to verify it, you must be
able to do:


<PRE>
qemu-i386 /usr/local/qemu-i386/bin/ls-i386
</PRE>

<LI>Download the binary x86 Wine install

(<TT>`qemu-XXX-i386-wine.tar.gz'</TT> on the QEMU web page). 

<LI>Configure Wine on your account. Look at the provided script

<TT>`/usr/local/qemu-i386/@/bin/wine-conf.sh'</TT>. Your previous
<CODE>${HOME}/.wine</CODE> directory is saved to <CODE>${HOME}/.wine.org</CODE>.

<LI>Then you can try the example <TT>`putty.exe'</TT>:


<PRE>
qemu-i386 /usr/local/qemu-i386/wine/bin/wine \
          /usr/local/qemu-i386/wine/c/Program\ Files/putty.exe
</PRE>

</UL>



<H2><A NAME="SEC50" HREF="qemu-doc.html#TOC50">5.3 Command line options</A></H2>


<PRE>
usage: qemu-i386 [-h] [-d] [-L path] [-s size] program [arguments...]
</PRE>

<DL COMPACT>

<DT><SAMP>`-h'</SAMP>
<DD>
Print the help
<DT><SAMP>`-L path'</SAMP>
<DD>
Set the x86 elf interpreter prefix (default=/usr/local/qemu-i386)
<DT><SAMP>`-s size'</SAMP>
<DD>
Set the x86 stack size in bytes (default=524288)
</DL>

<P>
Debug options:


<DL COMPACT>

<DT><SAMP>`-d'</SAMP>
<DD>
Activate log (logfile=/tmp/qemu.log)
<DT><SAMP>`-p pagesize'</SAMP>
<DD>
Act as if the host page size was 'pagesize' bytes
</DL>



<H1><A NAME="SEC51" HREF="qemu-doc.html#TOC51">6. Compilation from the sources</A></H1>



<H2><A NAME="SEC52" HREF="qemu-doc.html#TOC52">6.1 Linux/Unix</A></H2>



<H3><A NAME="SEC53" HREF="qemu-doc.html#TOC53">6.1.1 Compilation</A></H3>

<P>
First you must decompress the sources:

<PRE>
cd /tmp
tar zxvf qemu-x.y.z.tar.gz
cd qemu-x.y.z
</PRE>

<P>
Then you configure QEMU and build it (usually no options are needed):

<PRE>
./configure
make
</PRE>

<P>
Then type as root user:

<PRE>
make install
</PRE>

<P>
to install QEMU in <TT>`/usr/local'</TT>.




<H3><A NAME="SEC54" HREF="qemu-doc.html#TOC54">6.1.2 Tested tool versions</A></H3>

<P>
In order to compile QEMU succesfully, it is very important that you
have the right tools. The most important one is gcc. I cannot guaranty
that QEMU works if you do not use a tested gcc version. Look at
'configure' and 'Makefile' if you want to make a different gcc
version work.



<PRE>
host      gcc      binutils      glibc    linux       distribution
----------------------------------------------------------------------
x86       3.2      2.13.2        2.1.3    2.4.18
          2.96     2.11.93.0.2   2.2.5    2.4.18      Red Hat 7.3
          3.2.2    2.13.90.0.18  2.3.2    2.4.20      Red Hat 9

PowerPC   3.3 [4]  2.13.90.0.18  2.3.1    2.4.20briq
          3.2

Alpha     3.3 [1]  2.14.90.0.4   2.2.5    2.2.20 [2]  Debian 3.0

Sparc32   2.95.4   2.12.90.0.1   2.2.5    2.4.18      Debian 3.0

ARM       2.95.4   2.12.90.0.1   2.2.5    2.4.9 [3]   Debian 3.0

[1] On Alpha, QEMU needs the gcc 'visibility' attribute only available
    for gcc version &#62;= 3.3.
[2] Linux &#62;= 2.4.20 is necessary for precise exception support
    (untested).
[3] 2.4.9-ac10-rmk2-np1-cerf2

[4] gcc 2.95.x generates invalid code when using too many register
variables. You must use gcc 3.x on PowerPC.
</PRE>



<H2><A NAME="SEC55" HREF="qemu-doc.html#TOC55">6.2 Windows</A></H2>


<UL>
<LI>Install the current versions of MSYS and MinGW from

<A HREF="http://www.mingw.org/">http://www.mingw.org/</A>. You can find detailed installation
instructions in the download section and the FAQ.

<LI>Download

the MinGW development library of SDL 1.2.x
(<TT>`SDL-devel-1.2.x-@/mingw32.tar.gz'</TT>) from
<A HREF="http://www.libsdl.org">http://www.libsdl.org</A>. Unpack it in a temporary place, and
unpack the archive <TT>`i386-mingw32msvc.tar.gz'</TT> in the MinGW tool
directory. Edit the <TT>`sdl-config'</TT> script so that it gives the
correct SDL directory when invoked.

<LI>Extract the current version of QEMU.

 
<LI>Start the MSYS shell (file <TT>`msys.bat'</TT>).

<LI>Change to the QEMU directory. Launch <TT>`./configure'</TT> and

<TT>`make'</TT>.  If you have problems using SDL, verify that
<TT>`sdl-config'</TT> can be launched from the MSYS command line.

<LI>You can install QEMU in <TT>`Program Files/Qemu'</TT> by typing

<TT>`make install'</TT>. Don't forget to copy <TT>`SDL.dll'</TT> in
<TT>`Program Files/Qemu'</TT>.

</UL>



<H2><A NAME="SEC56" HREF="qemu-doc.html#TOC56">6.3 Cross compilation for Windows with Linux</A></H2>


<UL>
<LI>

Install the MinGW cross compilation tools available at
<A HREF="http://www.mingw.org/">http://www.mingw.org/</A>.

<LI>

Install the Win32 version of SDL (<A HREF="http://www.libsdl.org">http://www.libsdl.org</A>) by
unpacking <TT>`i386-mingw32msvc.tar.gz'</TT>. Set up the PATH environment
variable so that <TT>`i386-mingw32msvc-sdl-config'</TT> can be launched by
the QEMU configuration script.

<LI>

Configure QEMU for Windows cross compilation:

<PRE>
./configure --enable-mingw32
</PRE>

If necessary, you can change the cross-prefix according to the prefix
choosen for the MinGW tools with --cross-prefix. You can also use
--prefix to set the Win32 install path.

<LI>You can install QEMU in the installation directory by typing

<TT>`make install'</TT>. Don't forget to copy <TT>`SDL.dll'</TT> in the
installation directory. 

</UL>

<P>
Note: Currently, Wine does not seem able to launch
QEMU for Win32.




<H2><A NAME="SEC57" HREF="qemu-doc.html#TOC57">6.4 Mac OS X</A></H2>

<P>
The Mac OS X patches are not fully merged in QEMU, so you should look
at the QEMU mailing list archive to have all the necessary
information.




<H1><A NAME="SEC58" HREF="qemu-doc.html#TOC58">7. Index</A></H1>
<P>
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