sar.1

linux下查看系统工具原码,如IOSTAT等

Number of 'getattr' RPC calls received per second.
.RE

With the
.B SOCK
keyword, statistics on sockets in use are reported.
The following values are displayed:

.B totsck
.RS
Total number of used sockets.
.RE

.B tcpsck
.RS
Number of TCP sockets currently in use.
.RE

.B udpsck
.RS
Number of UDP sockets currently in use.
.RE

.B rawsck
.RS
Number of RAW sockets currently in use.
.RE

.B ip-frag
.RS
Number of IP fragments currently in use.
.RE

The
.B ALL
keyword is equivalent to specifying all the keywords above and therefore all the network
activities are reported.
.RE
.RE
.IP "-o [ filename ]"
Save the readings in the file in binary form. Each reading
is in a separate record. The default value of the
.B filename
parameter is the current daily data file, the
.IR /var/log/sa/sa dd
file. The -o option is exclusive of the -f option.
.IP "-P { cpu | ALL }"
Report per-processor statistics for the specified processor or processors.
Specifying the
.B ALL
keyword reports statistics for each individual processor, and globally for
all processors.
Of the flags which specify the statistics to be reported, only the
.B -u
and
.B -I SUM
flags are meaningful with the
.B -P
flag. Note that processor 0 is the first processor.
.IP -p
Pretty-print device names. Use this option in conjunction with option -d.
By default names are printed as
.B dev m-n
where m and n are the major and minor numbers for the device.
Use of this option displays the names of the devices as they (should) appear
in /dev. Name mappings are controlled by
.B /etc/sysconfig/sysstat.ioconf.
.IP -q
Report queue length and load averages. The following values are displayed:

.B runq-sz
.RS
.RS
Run queue length (number of processes waiting for run time). 
.RE

.B plist-sz
.RS
Number of processes and threads in the process list.
.RE

.B ldavg-1
.RS
System load average for the last minute.
.RE

.B ldavg-5
.RS
System load average for the past 5 minutes.
.RE

.B ldavg-15
.RS
System load average for the past 15 minutes.
.RE
.RE
.IP -r
Report memory and swap space utilization statistics.
The following values are displayed:

.B kbmemfree
.RS
.RS
Amount of free memory available in kilobytes.
.RE

.B kbmemused
.RS
Amount of used memory in kilobytes. This does not take into account memory
used by the kernel itself.
.RE

.B %memused
.RS
Percentage of used memory.
.RE

.B kbbuffers
.RS
Amount of memory used as buffers by the kernel in kilobytes.
.RE

.B kbcached
.RS
Amount of memory used to cache data by the kernel in kilobytes.
.RE

.B kbswpfree
.RS
Amount of free swap space in kilobytes.
.RE

.B kbswpused
.RS
Amount of used swap space in kilobytes.
.RE

.B %swpused
.RS
Percentage of used swap space.
.RE

.B kbswpcad
.RS
Amount of cached swap memory in kilobytes.
This is memory that once was swapped out, is swapped back in
but still also is in the swap area (if memory is needed it doesn't need
to be swapped out again because it is already in the swap area. This
saves I/O).
.RE
.RE
.IP -R
Report memory statistics. The following values are displayed:

.B frmpg/s
.RS
.RS
Number of memory pages freed by the system per second.
A negative value represents a number of pages allocated by the system.
Note that a page has a size of 4 kB or 8 kB according to the machine architecture.
.RE

.B bufpg/s
.RS
Number of additional memory pages used as buffers by the system per second.
A negative value means fewer pages used as buffers by the system.
.RE

.B campg/s
.RS
Number of additional memory pages cached by the system per second.
A negative value means fewer pages in the cache.
.RE
.RE
.IP "-s [ hh:mm:ss ]"
Set the starting time of the data, causing the
.B sar
command to extract records time-tagged at, or following, the time
specified. The default starting time is 08:00.
Hours must be given in 24-hour format. This option can be
used only when data are read from a file (option
.B -f
).
.IP -t
When reading data from a daily data file, indicate that
.B sar
should display the timestamps in the original locale time of
the data file creator. Without this option, the
.B sar
command displays the timestamps in the user's locale time.
.IP -u
Report CPU utilization. The following values are displayed:

.B %user
.RS
.RS
Percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while executing at the user
level (application).
.RE

.B %nice
.RS
Percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while executing at the user
level with nice priority.
.RE

.B %system
.RS
Percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while executing at the system
level (kernel).
.RE

.B %iowait
.RS
Percentage of time that the CPU or CPUs were idle during which
the system had an outstanding disk I/O request.
.RE

.B %steal
.RS
Show the percentage of time spent in involuntary wait by the virtual CPU
or CPUs while the hypervisor was servicing another virtual processor.
.RE

.B %idle
.RS
Percentage of time that the CPU or CPUs were idle and the system
did not have an outstanding disk I/O request. Note: In virtualized hardware
environment, this also includes the time spent in involuntary wait by the virtual CPU
or CPUs while the hypervisor was servicing another virtual processor.
.RE
.RE
.IP -v
Report status of inode, file and other kernel tables.
The following values are displayed:

.B dentunusd
.RS
.RS
Number of unused cache entries in the directory cache.
.RE

.B file-sz
.RS
Number of used file handles.
.RE

.B inode-sz
.RS
Number of used inode handlers.
.RE

.B super-sz
.RS
Number of super block handlers allocated by the kernel.
.RE

.B %super-sz
.RS
Percentage of allocated super block handlers with regard to the maximum number
of super block handlers that Linux can allocate.
.RE

.B dquot-sz
.RS
Number of allocated disk quota entries.
.RE

.B %dquot-sz
.RS
Percentage of allocated disk quota entries with regard to the maximum number
of cached disk quota entries that can be allocated.
.RE

.B rtsig-sz
.RS
Number of queued RT signals.
.RE

.B %rtsig-sz
.RS
Percentage of queued RT signals with regard to the maximum number
of RT signals that can be queued.
.RE
.RE
.IP -V
Print version number then exit.
.IP -w
Report system switching activity.

.B cswch/s
.RS
.RS
Total number of context switches per second.
.RE
.RE
.IP -W
Report swapping statistics. The following values are displayed:

.B pswpin/s
.RS
.RS
Total number of swap pages the system brought in per second.
.RE

.B pswpout/s
.RS
Total number of swap pages the system brought out per second.
.RE
.RE
.IP "-x { pid | SELF | ALL }"
Report statistics for a given process.
.B pid
is the process identification number. The
.B SELF
keyword indicates that statistics are to be reported for the
.B sar
process itself, whereas the
.B ALL
keyword indicates that statistics are to be reported for all the system processes.
All these statistics cannot be saved to a file.
So this option will be ignored whenever -o option is used.
Specifying multiple
.B -x pid
parameters on the command line will look at multiple independent processes.
At the present time, no more than 256 processes can be monitored
simultaneously.

The following values are displayed:

.B minflt/s
.RS
.RS
Total number of minor faults the process has made per second, those
which have not required loading a memory page from disk.
.RE

.B majflt/s
.RS
Total number of major faults the process has made per second, those
which have required loading a memory page from disk.
.RE

.B %user
.RS
Percentage of CPU used by the process while executing at the user level
(application), with or without nice priority.
.RE

.B %system
.RS
Percentage of CPU used by the process while executing at the system level
(kernel).
.RE

.B nswap/s
.RS
Number of pages from the process address space the system has swapped out per second.
This value is always zero with post 2.5 kernels.
.RE

.B CPU
.RS
Processor number to which the process is attached.
.RE
.RE
.IP "-X { pid | SELF | ALL }"
Report statistics for the child processes of the process whose PID is
.B pid .
The
.B SELF
keyword indicates that statistics are to be reported for the child processes of the
.B sar
process itself, whereas the
.B ALL
keyword indicates that statistics are to be reported for all the child processes 
of all the system processes.
All these statistics cannot be saved to a file.
So this option will be ignored whenever -o option is used.
Specifying multiple
.B -X pid
parameters on the command line will look at multiple independent processes.
At the present time, no more than 256 processes can be monitored
simultaneously.
The following values are displayed:

.B cminflt/s
.RS
.RS
Total number of minor faults the child processes have made per second, those
which have not required loading a memory page from disk.
.RE

.B cmajflt/s
.RS
Total number of major faults the child processes have made per second, those
which have required loading a memory page from disk.
.RE

.B %cuser
.RS
Percentage of CPU used by the child processes while executing at the user level
(application), with or without nice priority.
.RE

.B %csystem
.RS
Percentage of CPU used by the child processes while executing at the system level
(kernel).
.RE

.B cnswap/s
.RS
Number of pages from the child processes address spaces the system has swapped out per second.
This value is always zero with post 2.5 kernels.
.RE
.RE
.IP -y
Report TTY device activity. The following values are displayed:

.B rcvin/s
.RS
.RS
Number of receive interrupts per second for current serial line. Serial line number
is given in the TTY column.
.RE

.B xmtin/s
.RS
Number of transmit interrupts per second for current serial line.
.RE

.B framerr/s
.RS
Number of frame errors per second for current serial line.
.RE

.B prtyerr/s
.RS
Number of parity errors per second for current serial line.
.RE

.B brk/s
.RS
Number of breaks per second for current serial line.
.RE

.B ovrun/s
.RS
Number of overrun errors per second for current serial line.
.RE

Note that with recent 2.6 kernels, these statistics can be retrieved only by
root.
.RE

.SH ENVIRONMENT
The
.B sar
command takes into account the following environment variable:

.IP S_TIME_FORMAT
If this variable exists and its value is
.BR ISO
then the current locale will be ignored when printing the date in the report header.
The
.B sar
command will use the ISO 8601 format (YYYY-MM-DD) instead.

.SH EXAMPLES
.B sar -u 2 5
.RS
Report CPU utilization for each 2 seconds. 5 lines are displayed.
.RE

.B sar -I 14 -o int14.file 2 10
.RS
Report statistics on IRQ 14 for each 2 seconds. 10 lines are displayed.
Data are stored in a file called
.IR int14.file .
.RE

.B sar -r -n DEV -f /var/log/sa/sa16
.RS
Display memory, swap space and network statistics saved in daily data file 'sa16'.
.RE

.B sar -A
.RS
Display all the statistics saved in current daily data file.
.SH BUGS
.I /proc
filesystem must be mounted for the
.B sar
command to work.

All the statistics are not necessarily available, depending on the kernel version used.
.SH FILES
.IR /var/log/sa/sa dd
.RS
Indicate the daily data file, where the
.B dd
parameter is a number representing the day of the month.

.RE
.IR /proc
contains various files with system statistics.
.SH AUTHOR
Sebastien Godard (sysstat <at> wanadoo.fr)
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR sadc (8),
.BR sa1 (8),
.BR sa2 (8),
.BR sadf (1),
.BR isag (1),
.BR mpstat (1),
.BR iostat (1),
.BR vmstat (8)

.I http://perso.wanadoo.fr/sebastien.godard/