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<title>I/O设备的类型和接口</title>
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<div class=Section1>
<h2 align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US style='color:#333333'> </span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:24.0pt;color:#333333'> 8.3</span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:#333333'> </span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:24.0pt;color:#666666'>I/O设备的类型和接口</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:36.0pt;color:#333333'> </span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:24.0pt;color:#333333'> </span><span lang=EN-US
style='color:#333333'> </span></h2>
<p align=right style='text-align:right'><b><i><span lang=EN-US
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href="file:///K:/sysq/chapter8/index.htm"></a><b><i><span style='color:#333333'>
<a href="8_2.htm"><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><img
border=0 width=60 height=45 id="_x0000_i1025" src="chapter1\images\prev.gif"
alt="I/O性能测试"></span></a> </span></i><span
style='color:#333333'> <i><a href="8_4.htm"><span style='text-decoration:
none;text-underline:none'><img border=0 width=60 height=45 id="_x0000_i1026"
src="chapter1\images\forw.gif" alt=Buses总线></span></a></i></span></b></span></p>
<p><b><span lang=EN-US style='color:#333333'> </span></b><b><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;color:#333333'>一、行为，功能<span lang=EN-US>Behavior .</span></span></b></p>
<p style='margin-right:72.0pt;margin-left:72.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:
13.5pt;color:#333333'>输入<span lang=EN-US>——从外设读入，键盘、鼠标、扫描仪 scanner,语音输入。</span></span></b></p>
<p style='margin-right:72.0pt;margin-left:72.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:
13.5pt;color:#333333'>输出<span lang=EN-US>——打印机、绘图仪plotter、图形显示器、语音输出。</span></span></b></p>
<p style='margin-right:72.0pt;margin-left:72.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:
13.5pt;color:#333333'>输入<span lang=EN-US>/输出——Network ,磁盘、磁带机。</span></span></b></p>
<p><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt;color:#333333'>二、伙伴关系<span lang=EN-US>Partner </span></span></b></p>
<p><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:13.5pt;color:#333333'> 人和机器可作为I/O设备的另一端，可在输入设备上输入数据，也可在输出设备上输出。</span></b></p>
<p><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt;color:#333333'>三、数据速度<span lang=EN-US>
Data rate</span></span></b></p>
<p><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:13.5pt;color:#333333'><img border=0
width=472 height=223 id="_x0000_i1027" src="_derived\接口类型与特性.htm_txt_2.gif"></span></b></p>
<p><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:13.5pt;color:#333333'>1.鼠标器Mouse</span></b></p>
<p style='margin-right:36.0pt;margin-left:36.0pt'><b><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:13.5pt;color:#333333'>1)分为机械式,光电式二类。</span></b></p>
<p style='margin-right:36.0pt;margin-left:36.0pt'><b><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:13.5pt;color:#333333'>2）工作原理：用一计数器记录移动光标的位置，检测每一按键的状态位。</span></b></p>
<p style='margin-right:36.0pt;margin-left:36.0pt'><b><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:13.5pt;color:#333333'>3）与主机的接口：串行口——RS-232 接口，以 spolling方式工作。</span></b></p>
<p><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:13.5pt;color:#333333'>2.磁盘Magnetic
Disks (Floppy Disks、Hard Disks)</span></b></p>
<p style='margin-right:36.0pt;margin-left:36.0pt'><b><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:13.5pt;color:#333333'> 1）分类：软盘Floppy Disks(FD)硬盘Hard
Disks(HD).</span></b></p>
<p style='margin-right:36.0pt;margin-left:36.0pt'><b><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:13.5pt;color:#333333'> 软盘是由塑料基片做成的，硬盘由合金铝做成，表面均涂有磁化材料。</span></b></p>
<p style='margin-right:36.0pt;margin-left:36.0pt'><b><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:13.5pt;color:#333333'> 软盘与硬盘相比，硬盘性能优于软盘，速度快，容量大，可以构成盘组，或称磁盘阵列。</span></b></p>
<p style='margin-right:36.0pt;margin-left:36.0pt'><b><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:13.5pt;color:#333333'>2）盘的构成：盘platter——>道 tracks——>扇区sectors.</span></b></p>
<p><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:13.5pt;color:#333333'>
HD 由2到20片组成</span></b></p>
<p><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:13.5pt;color:#333333'>
FD 由一片组成</span></b></p>
<p><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:13.5pt;color:#333333'>
柱面cylinder .由盘组中相同磁道构成</span></b></p>
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