llncs.tex

是一个将WORD文件转换成TXT文件的程序源代码

$\backslash $begin{\{}verbatim{\}}

$\backslash $maketitle

$\backslash $end{\{}verbatim{\}}

\noindent
then formats the complete heading of your article. If you leave

\noindent
it out the work done so far will produce $\backslash $emph{\{}no{\}} text.



Then the abstract should follow. Simply code

$\backslash $begin{\{}verbatim{\}}

$\backslash $begin{\{}abstract{\}}

<Text of the summary of your article>

$\backslash $end{\{}abstract{\}}

$\backslash $end{\{}verbatim{\}}

\noindent
or refer to the demonstration file {\{}$\backslash $tt llncs.dem{\}} for an 
example or

\noindent
to the {\{}$\backslash $em Sample Input$\backslash $/{\}} on p.$\sim 
\backslash $pageref{\{}samppage{\}}.



$\backslash $subsubsection{\{}Remark to Running Heads and the Table of 
Contents{\}}

$\backslash $leavevmode$\backslash \backslash $[$\backslash $medskipamount]

If you are the author of a single contribution you normally have no

\noindent
running heads and no table of contents. Both are done only by the editor

\noindent
of the volume or at the printers.

{\%}

$\backslash $section{\{}Special Commands for the Volume Editor{\}}

The volume editor can produce a complete camera ready output including

\noindent
running heads, a table of contents, preliminary text (frontmatter), and

\noindent
index or glossary. For activating the running heads there is the class

\noindent
option $\backslash $verb$\vert $[runningheads]$\vert $.



The table of contents of the volume is printed wherever

$\backslash $verb$\vert \backslash $tableofcontents$\vert $ is placed. A 
simple compilation of all

\noindent
contributions (fields $\backslash $verb$\vert \backslash $title$\vert $ 
and $\backslash $verb$\vert \backslash $author$\vert )$ is done. If you

\noindent
wish to change this automatically produced list use the commands

$\backslash $begin{\{}verbatim{\}}

$\backslash $titlerunning $\backslash $toctitle

$\backslash $authorrunning $\backslash $tocauthor

$\backslash $end{\{}verbatim{\}}

\noindent
to enhance the information in the specific contributions. See the

\noindent
demonstration file $\backslash $verb$\vert $llncs.dem$\vert $ for examples.



An additional structure can be added to the table of contents with the

$\backslash $verb$\vert \backslash $addtocmark{\{}<text>{\}}$\vert $ 
command. It has an optional numerical

\noindent
argument, a digit from 1 through 3. 3 (the default) makes an unnumbered

\noindent
chapter like entry in the table of contents. If you code

$\backslash $verb$\vert \backslash $addtocmark[2]{\{}text{\}}$\vert $ the 
corresponding page number is listed

\noindent
also, $\backslash $verb$\vert \backslash $addtocmark[1]{\{}text{\}}$\vert 
$ even introduces a chapter number

\noindent
beyond it.

{\%}

$\backslash $section{\{}How to Code Your Text{\}}

{\%}

The contribution title and all headings should be capitalized

\noindent
except for conjunctions, prepositions (e.g.$\backslash $ on, of, by, and, 
or, but,

\noindent
from, with, without, under) and definite and indefinite articles (the,

\noindent
a, an) unless they appear at the beginning. Formula letters must be

\noindent
typeset as in the text.



Headings will be automatically numbered by the following codes.$\backslash 
\backslash $[2mm]

{\{}$\backslash $itshape Sample Input{\}}

$\backslash $begin{\{}verbatim{\}}

$\backslash $section{\{}This is a First-Order Title{\}}

$\backslash $subsection{\{}This is a Second-Order Title{\}}

$\backslash $subsubsection{\{}This is a Third-Order Title.{\}}

$\backslash $paragraph{\{}This is a Fourth-Order Title.{\}}

$\backslash $end{\{}verbatim{\}}

$\backslash $verb$\vert \backslash $section$\vert $ and $\backslash 
$verb$\vert \backslash $subsection$\vert $ have no end 
punctuation.$\backslash \backslash $

$\backslash $verb$\vert \backslash $subsubsection$\vert $ and $\backslash 
$verb$\vert \backslash $paragraph$\vert $

\noindent
need to be punctuated at the end.



In addition to the above-mentioned headings your text may be structured

\noindent
by subsections indicated by run-in headings (theorem-like environments).

All the theorem-like environments are numbered automatically

\noindent
throughout the sections of your document -- each with its own counter.

If you want the theorem-like environments to use the same counter

\noindent
just specify the documentclass option $\backslash $verb$\vert 
$envcountsame$\vert $:

$\backslash $begin{\{}verbatim{\}}

$\backslash $documentclass[envcountsame]{\{}llncs{\}}

$\backslash $end{\{}verbatim{\}}

If your first call for a theorem-like environment then is e.g.

$\backslash $verb$\vert \backslash $begin{\{}lemma{\}}$\vert $, it will be 
numbered 1; if corollary follows,

\noindent
this will be numbered 2; if you then call lemma again, this will be

\noindent
numbered 3.



But in case you want to reset such counters to 1 in each section,

\noindent
please specify the documentclass option $\backslash $verb$\vert 
$envcountreset$\vert $:

$\backslash $begin{\{}verbatim{\}}

$\backslash $documentclass[envcountreset]{\{}llncs{\}}

$\backslash $end{\{}verbatim{\}}



Even a numbering on section level (including the section counter) is

\noindent
possible with the documentclass option $\backslash $verb$\vert 
$envcountsect$\vert $.





$\backslash $section{\{}Predefined Theorem like Environments{\}}$\backslash 
$label{\{}builtintheo{\}}

The following variety of run-in headings are at your disposal:

$\backslash $begin{\{}alpherate{\}}

$\backslash $item

{\{}$\backslash $bfseries Bold{\}} run-in headings with italicized text

\noindent
as built-in environments:

$\backslash $begin{\{}verbatim{\}}

$\backslash $begin{\{}corollary{\}} <text> $\backslash $end{\{}corollary{\}}

$\backslash $begin{\{}lemma{\}} <text> $\backslash $end{\{}lemma{\}}

$\backslash $begin{\{}proposition{\}} <text> $\backslash 
$end{\{}proposition{\}}

$\backslash $begin{\{}theorem{\}} <text> $\backslash $end{\{}theorem{\}}

$\backslash $end{\{}verbatim{\}}

$\backslash $item

The following generally appears as {\{}$\backslash $itshape italic{\}} 
run-in heading:

$\backslash $begin{\{}verbatim{\}}

$\backslash $begin{\{}proof{\}} <text> $\backslash $qed $\backslash 
$end{\{}proof{\}}

$\backslash $end{\{}verbatim{\}}

It is unnumbered and may contain an eye catching square (call for that

\noindent
with $\backslash $verb$\vert \backslash $qed$\vert )$ before the 
environment ends.

$\backslash $item

Further {\{}$\backslash $itshape italic{\}} or {\{}$\backslash $bfseries 
bold{\}} run-in headings with roman

\noindent
environment body may also occur:

$\backslash $begin{\{}verbatim{\}}

$\backslash $begin{\{}definition{\}} <text> $\backslash $end{\{}definition{\}}

$\backslash $begin{\{}example{\}} <text> $\backslash $end{\{}example{\}}

$\backslash $begin{\{}exercise{\}} <text> $\backslash $end{\{}exercise{\}}

$\backslash $begin{\{}note{\}} <text> $\backslash $end{\{}note{\}}

$\backslash $begin{\{}problem{\}} <text> $\backslash $end{\{}problem{\}}

$\backslash $begin{\{}question{\}} <text> $\backslash $end{\{}question{\}}

$\backslash $begin{\{}remark{\}} <text> $\backslash $end{\{}remark{\}}

$\backslash $begin{\{}solution{\}} <text> $\backslash $end{\{}solution{\}}

$\backslash $end{\{}verbatim{\}}

$\backslash $end{\{}alpherate{\}}



$\backslash $section{\{}Defining your Own Theorem like Environments{\}}

We have enhanced the standard $\backslash $verb$\vert \backslash 
$newtheorem$\vert $ command and slightly

\noindent
changed its syntax to get two new commands $\backslash $verb$\vert 
\backslash $spnewtheorem$\vert $ and

$\backslash $verb$\vert \backslash $spnewtheorem*$\vert $ that now can be 
used to define additional

\noindent
environments. They require two additional arguments namely the type

\noindent
style in which the keyword of the environment appears and second the

\noindent
style for the text of your new environment.



$\backslash $verb$\vert \backslash $spnewtheorem$\vert $ can be used in two 
ways.

$\backslash $subsection{\{}Method 1 {\{}$\backslash $itshape 
(preferred){\}}{\}}

You may want to create an environment that shares its counter

\noindent
with another environment, say {\{}$\backslash $em main theorem$\backslash 
$/{\}} to be numbered like

\noindent
the predefined {\{}$\backslash $em theorem$\backslash $/{\}}. In this case, 
use the syntax

$\backslash $begin{\{}verbatim{\}}

$\backslash $spnewtheorem{\{}<env{\_}nam>{\}}[<num{\_}like>]{\{}<caption>{\}}

{\{}<cap{\_}font>{\}}{\{}<body{\_}font>{\}}

$\backslash $end{\{}verbatim{\}}



$\backslash $noindent

Here the environment with which the new environment should share its

\noindent
counter is specified with the optional argument $\backslash $verb$\vert 
$[<num{\_}like>]$\vert $.



$\backslash $paragraph{\{}Sample Input{\}}

$\backslash $begin{\{}verbatim{\}}

$\backslash $spnewtheorem{\{}mainth{\}}[theorem]{\{}Main 
Theorem{\}}{\{}$\backslash $bfseries{\}}{\{}$\backslash $itshape{\}}

$\backslash $begin{\{}theorem{\}} The early bird gets the worm. $\backslash 
$end{\{}theorem{\}}

$\backslash $begin{\{}mainth{\}} The early worm gets eaten. $\backslash 
$end{\{}mainth{\}}

$\backslash $end{\{}verbatim{\}}

$\backslash $medskip$\backslash $noindent

{\{}$\backslash $em Sample Output{\}}



$\backslash $medskip$\backslash $noindent

{\{}$\backslash $bfseries Theorem 3.{\}}$\backslash $enspace {\{}$\backslash 
$em The early bird gets the worm.{\}}



$\backslash $medskip$\backslash $noindent

{\{}$\backslash $bfseries Main Theorem 4.{\}} The early worm gets eaten.



$\backslash $bigskip

The sharing of the default counter ($\backslash $verb$\vert $[theorem]$\vert 
)$ is desired. If you

\noindent
omit the optional second argument of $\backslash $verb$\vert \backslash 
$spnewtheorem$\vert $ a separate

\noindent
counter for your new environment is used throughout your document.



$\backslash $subsection[Method 2]{\{}Method 2 {\{}$\backslash $itshape 
(assumes {\{}$\backslash $tt[envcountsect]{\}}

\noindent
documentstyle option){\}}{\}}

$\backslash $begin{\{}verbatim{\}}

$\backslash $spnewtheorem{\{}<env{\_}nam>{\}}{\{}<caption>{\}}[<within>]

{\{}<cap{\_}font>{\}}{\{}<body{\_}font>{\}}

$\backslash $end{\{}verbatim{\}}



$\backslash $noindent

This defines a new environment $\backslash $verb$\vert $<env{\_}nam>$\vert $ 
which prints the caption

$\backslash $verb$\vert $<caption>$\vert $ in the font $\backslash $verb$\vert 
$<cap{\_}font>$\vert $ and the text itself in

\noindent
the font $\backslash $verb$\vert $<body{\_}font>$\vert $. The environment is 
numbered beginning anew

\noindent
with every new sectioning element you specify with the optional

\noindent
parameter $\backslash $verb$\vert $<within>$\vert $.



$\backslash $medskip$\backslash $noindent

$\backslash $paragraph{\{}Example{\}} $\backslash $leavevmode



$\backslash $medskip$\backslash $noindent

$\backslash $verb$\vert \backslash 
$spnewtheorem{\{}joke{\}}{\{}Joke{\}}[subsection]{\{}$\backslash 
$bfseries{\}}{\{}$\backslash $rmfamily{\}}$\vert $



$\backslash $medskip

$\backslash $noindent defines a new environment called $\backslash $verb$\vert 
$joke$\vert $ which prints the

\noindent
caption {\{}$\backslash $bfseries Joke{\}} in boldface and the text in 
roman. The jokes are

\noindent
numbered starting from 1 at the beginning of every subsection with the

\noindent
number of the subsection preceding the number of the joke e.g. 7.2.1 for

\noindent
the first joke in subsection 7.2.



$\backslash $subsection{\{}Unnumbered Environments{\}}

If you wish to have an unnumbered environment, please

\noindent
use the syntax

$\backslash $begin{\{}verbatim{\}}

$\backslash 
$spnewtheorem*{\{}<env{\_}nam>{\}}{\{}<caption>{\}}{\{}<cap{\_}font>{\}}{\{}<body{\_}font>{\}}

$\backslash $end{\{}verbatim{\}}



$\backslash $section{\{}Program Codes{\}}

In case you want to show pieces of program code, just use the

$\backslash $verb$\vert $verbatim$\vert $ environment or the $\backslash 
$verb$\vert $verbatim$\vert $ package of $\backslash $LaTeX.

(There also exist various pretty printers for some programming

\noindent
languages.)

{\%}

$\backslash $noindent

$\backslash $subsection*{\{}Sample Input {\{}$\backslash $rmfamily(of a simple

\noindent
contribution){\}}{\}}$\backslash $label{\{}samppage{\}}

$\backslash $begin{\{}verbatim{\}}

$\backslash $title{\{}Hamiltonian Mechanics{\}}



$\backslash $author{\{}Ivar Ekeland$\backslash $inst{\{}1{\}} $\backslash $and 
Roger Temam$\backslash $inst{\{}2{\}}{\}}



$\backslash $institute{\{}Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA

$\backslash $and

Universit$\backslash $'{\{}e{\}} de Paris-Sud,

Laboratoire d'Analyse Num$\backslash $'{\{}e{\}}rique, B$\backslash 
$\ {\{}a{\}}timent 425,$\backslash \backslash $

F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France{\}}



$\backslash $maketitle

{\%}

$\backslash $begin{\{}abstract{\}}

This paragraph shall summarize the contents of the paper

\noindent
in short terms.

$\backslash $end{\{}abstract{\}}

{\%}

$\backslash $section{\{}Fixed-Period Problems: The Sublinear Case{\}}