start.s

嵌入式ARM的一些源代码

/*
 *  Copyright (C) 1998	Dan Malek <[e-mail]>
 *  Copyright (C) 1999	Magnus Damm <kieraypc01.p.y.kie.era.ericsson.se>
 *  Copyright (C) 2000	Wolfgang Denk <[e-mail]>
 *
 * See file CREDITS for list of people who contributed to this
 * project.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
 * the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
 * MA 02111-1307 USA
 */

/*  ppcboot - Startup Code for PowerPC based Embedded Boards
 *
 *
 *  The processor starts at 0x00000100 and the code is executed
 *  from flash. The code is organized to be at an other address
 *  in memory, but as long we don't jump around before relocating.
 *  board_init lies at a quite high address and when the cpu has
 *  jumped there, everything is ok.
 *  This works because the cpu gives the FLASH (CS0) the whole
 *  address space at startup, and board_init lies as a echo of
 *  the flash somewhere up there in the memorymap.
 *
 *  board_init will change CS0 to be positioned at the correct
 *  address and (s)dram will be positioned at address 0
 */
#include <config.h>
#include <mpc8xx.h>
#include "version.h"

#define CONFIG_8xx 1		/* needed for Linux kernel header files */
#define _LINUX_CONFIG_H 1	/* avoid reading Linux autoconf.h file	*/

#include <ppc_asm.tmpl>
#include <ppc_defs.h>

#include <asm/cache.h>
#include <asm/mmu.h>

/* We don't want the  MMU yet.
*/
#undef	MSR_KERNEL
#define MSR_KERNEL ( MSR_ME | MSR_RI )	/* Machine Check and Recoverable Interr. */

/*
 * Set up GOT: Global Offset Table
 *
 * Use r14 to access the GOT
 */
	START_GOT
	GOT_ENTRY(_GOT2_TABLE_)
	GOT_ENTRY(_FIXUP_TABLE_)

	GOT_ENTRY(_start)
	GOT_ENTRY(_start_of_vectors)
	GOT_ENTRY(_end_of_vectors)
	GOT_ENTRY(transfer_to_handler)

	GOT_ENTRY(_end)
	GOT_ENTRY(.bss)
#if defined(CONFIG_FADS)
	GOT_ENTRY(environment)
#endif
	END_GOT

/*
 * r3 - 1st arg to board_init(): IMMP pointer
 * r4 - 2nd arg to board_init(): boot flag
 */
	.text
	.long	0x27051956		/* PPCBOOT Magic Number			*/
	.globl	version_string
version_string:
	.ascii PPCBOOT_VERSION, " (", __DATE__, " - ", __TIME__, ")\0"

	. = EXC_OFF_SYS_RESET
	.globl	_start
_start:
	lis	r3, CFG_IMMR@h		/* position IMMR */
	mtspr	638, r3
	li	r21, BOOTFLAG_COLD	/* Normal Power-On: Boot from FLASH	*/
	b	boot_cold

	. = EXC_OFF_SYS_RESET + 0x10

	.globl	_start_warm
_start_warm:
	li	r21, BOOTFLAG_WARM	/* Software reboot			*/
	b	boot_warm

boot_cold:
boot_warm:

	/* Initialize machine status; enable machine check interrupt		*/
	/*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
	li	r3, MSR_KERNEL		/* Set ME, RI flags */
	mtmsr	r3
	mtspr	SRR1, r3		/* Make SRR1 match MSR */

	mfspr	r3, ICR			/* clear Interrupt Cause Register */

	/* Initialize debug port registers					*/
	/*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
	xor	r0, r0, r0		/* Clear R0 */
	mtspr	LCTRL1, r0		/* Initialize debug port regs */
	mtspr	LCTRL2, r0
	mtspr	COUNTA, r0
	mtspr	COUNTB, r0

	/* Reset the caches							*/
	/*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

	mfspr	r3, IC_CST		/* Clear error bits */
	mfspr	r3, DC_CST

	lis	r3, IDC_UNALL@h		/* Unlock all */
	mtspr	IC_CST, r3
	mtspr	DC_CST, r3

	lis	r3, IDC_INVALL@h	/* Invalidate all */
	mtspr	IC_CST, r3
	mtspr	DC_CST, r3

	lis	r3, IDC_DISABLE@h	/* Disable data cache */
	mtspr	DC_CST, r3

	lis	r3, IDC_ENABLE@h	/* Enable instruction cache */
	mtspr	IC_CST, r3

	/* invalidate all tlb's							*/
	/*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

	tlbia
	isync

	/*
	 * Calculate absolute address in FLASH and jump there
	 *----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

	lis	r3, CFG_MONITOR_BASE@h
	ori	r3, r3, CFG_MONITOR_BASE@l
	addi	r3, r3, in_flash - _start + EXC_OFF_SYS_RESET
	mtlr	r3
	blr

in_flash:

	/* initialize some SPRs that are hard to access from C			*/
	/*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

	lis	r3, CFG_IMMR@h		/* pass IMMR as arg1 to C routine */
	ori	r1, r3, CFG_INIT_SP_OFFSET /* set up the stack in internal DPRAM */

	/*
	 * Disable serialized ifetch and show cycles
	 * (i.e. set processor to normal mode).
	 * This is also a silicon bug workaround, see errata
	 */

	li	r2, 0x0007
	mtspr	ICTRL, r2

	/* Set up debug mode entry */

	lis	r2, CFG_DER@h
	ori	r2, r2, CFG_DER@l
	mtspr	DER, r2

	/* let the C-code set up the rest					*/
	/*									*/
	/* Be careful to keep code relocatable !				*/
	/*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

	GET_GOT			/* initialize GOT access			*/

	/* r3: IMMR */
	bl	cpu_init_f	/* run low-level CPU init code     (from Flash)	*/

	mr	r3, r21
	/* r3: BOOTFLAG */
	bl	board_init_f	/* run 1st part of board init code (from Flash) */



	.globl	_start_of_vectors
_start_of_vectors:

/* Machine check */
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x200, MachineCheck, MachineCheckException)

/* Data Storage exception.  "Never" generated on the 860. */
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x300, DataStorage, UnknownException)

/* Instruction Storage exception.  "Never" generated on the 860. */
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x400, InstStorage, UnknownException)

/* External Interrupt exception. */
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x500, ExtInterrupt, external_interrupt)

/* Alignment exception. */
	. = 0x600
Alignment:
	EXCEPTION_PROLOG
	mfspr	r4,DAR
	stw	r4,_DAR(r21)
	mfspr	r5,DSISR
	stw	r5,_DSISR(r21)
	addi	r3,r1,STACK_FRAME_OVERHEAD
	li	r20,MSR_KERNEL
	rlwimi	r20,r23,0,16,16		/* copy EE bit from saved MSR */
	lwz	r6,GOT(transfer_to_handler)
	mtlr	r6
	blrl
.L_Alignment:
	.long	AlignmentException - _start + EXC_OFF_SYS_RESET
	.long	int_return - _start + EXC_OFF_SYS_RESET

/* Program check exception */
	. = 0x700
ProgramCheck:
	EXCEPTION_PROLOG
	addi	r3,r1,STACK_FRAME_OVERHEAD
	li	r20,MSR_KERNEL
	rlwimi	r20,r23,0,16,16		/* copy EE bit from saved MSR */
	lwz	r6,GOT(transfer_to_handler)
	mtlr	r6
	blrl
.L_ProgramCheck:
	.long	ProgramCheckException - _start + EXC_OFF_SYS_RESET
	.long	int_return - _start + EXC_OFF_SYS_RESET

	/* No FPU on MPC8xx.  This exception is not supposed to happen.
	*/
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x800, FPUnavailable, UnknownException)

	/* I guess we could implement decrementer, and may have
	 * to someday for timekeeping.
	 */
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x900, Decrementer, timer_interrupt)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0xa00, Trap_0a, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0xb00, Trap_0b, UnknownException)

	STD_EXCEPTION(0xc00, SystemCall, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0xd00, SingleStep, UnknownException)

	STD_EXCEPTION(0xe00, Trap_0e, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0xf00, Trap_0f, UnknownException)

	/* On the MPC8xx, this is a software emulation interrupt.  It occurs
	 * for all unimplemented and illegal instructions.
	 */
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1000, SoftEmu, SoftEmuException)

	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1100, InstructionTLBMiss, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1200, DataTLBMiss, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1300, InstructionTLBError, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1400, DataTLBError, UnknownException)

	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1500, Reserved5, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1600, Reserved6, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1700, Reserved7, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1800, Reserved8, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1900, Reserved9, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1a00, ReservedA, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1b00, ReservedB, UnknownException)

	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1c00, DataBreakpoint, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1d00, InstructionBreakpoint, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1e00, PeripheralBreakpoint, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1f00, DevPortBreakpoint, UnknownException)


	.globl	_end_of_vectors
_end_of_vectors:


	. = 0x2000

/*
 * This code finishes saving the registers to the exception frame
 * and jumps to the appropriate handler for the exception.
 * Register r21 is pointer into trap frame, r1 has new stack pointer.
 */
	.globl	transfer_to_handler
transfer_to_handler:
	stw	r22,_NIP(r21)
	lis	r22,MSR_POW@h
	andc	r23,r23,r22
	stw	r23,_MSR(r21)
	SAVE_GPR(7, r21)
	SAVE_4GPRS(8, r21)
	SAVE_8GPRS(12, r21)
	SAVE_8GPRS(24, r21)
	mflr	r23
	andi.	r24,r23,0x3f00		/* get vector offset */
	stw	r24,TRAP(r21)
	li	r22,0
	stw	r22,RESULT(r21)
	mtspr	SPRG2,r22		/* r1 is now kernel sp */
	lwz	r24,0(r23)		/* virtual address of handler */
	lwz	r23,4(r23)		/* where to go when done */
	mtspr	SRR0,r24
	mtspr	SRR1,r20
	mtlr	r23
	SYNC
	rfi				/* jump to handler, enable MMU */

int_return:
	mfmsr	r29		/* Disable interrupts */
	li	r4,0
	ori	r4,r4,MSR_EE
	andc	r29,r29,r4
	SYNC			/* Some chip revs need this... */
	mtmsr	r29
	SYNC
	lwz	r2,_CTR(r1)
	lwz	r0,_LINK(r1)
	mtctr	r2
	mtlr	r0
	lwz	r2,_XER(r1)
	lwz	r0,_CCR(r1)
	mtspr	XER,r2
	mtcrf	0xFF,r0
	REST_10GPRS(3, r1)
	REST_10GPRS(13, r1)
	REST_8GPRS(23, r1)
	REST_GPR(31, r1)
	lwz	r2,_NIP(r1)	/* Restore environment */
	lwz	r0,_MSR(r1)
	mtspr	SRR0,r2
	mtspr	SRR1,r0
	lwz	r0,GPR0(r1)
	lwz	r2,GPR2(r1)
	lwz	r1,GPR1(r1)
	SYNC
	rfi

/* Cache functions.
*/
	.globl	icache_enable
icache_enable: