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<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">J2EE应用程序客户<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>.jar<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">J2EE应用程序客户分布描述<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>.xml<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Java应用程序<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>.class<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">J2EE应用程序的开发阶段</SPAN></SPAN></FONT><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">J2EE应用程序的开发，有以下几个阶段<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Enterprise
Bean创建<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Web
Component创建<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">J2EE应用程序装配<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">J2EE应用程序分布<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在一个大的组织里，每个环节可能有不同的小组或个人负责。这种人力分配的实现是因为每前一个阶段都生成一个轻便的输出文件到下一阶段。例如，在<SPAN
lang=EN-US>Enterprise
Bean的生成阶段，开发者分发EJB.jar文件。在J2EE应用程序阶段，另一个开发者将这些EJB.jar文件与J2EE应用程序连接起来并存储为.ear文件。在最后阶段，J2EE应用程序的分布阶段，客户端的系统管理员利用.ear文件将J2EE应用程序安装到J2EE服务器上。图1-5显示最后两个阶段。<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不同的阶段并非总是由不同的人来执行。例如，如果是一个小型公司，或你自己的例程，你可以自己完成每一个阶段。<SPAN
lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><!--[if gte vml 1]><V:SHAPE
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type="#_x0000_t75"><V:IMAGEDATA o:title="" src="http://www.chinajavaworld.com/doc/j2ee/j2_app4.gif"></V:SHAPE><![endif]--><IMG height=485
src="j2_app4.gif" tppabs="http://www.chinajavaworld.com/doc/j2ee/images/j2_app4.gif" width=347 v:shapes="_x0000_i1026"><O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图<SPAN
lang=EN-US>1-5 J2EE应用程序的装配及分布<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">以下部分总结<SPAN
lang=EN-US>J2EE应用程序的开发阶段。因为J2EE应用程序不需要每个类型的模块都有，只有前三个是必需的。最后两步是必要的。既然我们集中讨论Enterprise
Bean，就不讨论Web Component的创建阶段。手册的下一章节，Getting Started,将向你演示一个包含Enterprise
Bean的J2EE应用程序。<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Enterprise
Bean创建阶段<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">人员：软件开发人员<SPAN
lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">任务：<SPAN
lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>*编写及编译Enterprise
Bean需要的Java源代码<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>*规范Enterprise
Bean的分布描述<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>*生成.class文件和分布描述到EJB.jar文件<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可发布文件：包含<SPAN
lang=EN-US>Enterprise Bean的EJBl.jar文件<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Web
Component创建阶段<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">人员：网络设计者（<SPAN
lang=EN-US>JSP component),软件开发人员(servlets)<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">任务：<SPAN
lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>*编写及编译Servlet的源码<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>*编写.jsp及.html文件<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>*捆绑.class,.jsp,.html和分布描述到.war文件<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可发布文件：包含<SPAN
lang=EN-US>Web Component的.war文件<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">J2EE应用程序的客户端创建<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">人员：软件开发人员<SPAN
lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">任务：<SPAN
lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>*编写及编译客户端必需的Java源代码<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>*规范客户端的分布描述<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>*捆绑.class文件和分布描述到作为客户端的.jar文件<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可发布文件：包含<SPAN
lang=EN-US>J2EE应用程序客户端的.jar文件<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">J2EE应用程序的装配<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">人员：软件开发人员<SPAN
lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">任务：<SPAN
lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>*装配在上一阶段生成的Enterpise
Bean文件（EJB.jar）和Web Component（.war)文件到J2EE应用程序文件（.ear）<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>*规范J2EE应用程序的分布规范<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可发布文件：包含<SPAN
lang=EN-US>J2EE应用程序的.ear文件<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">J2EE应用程序的分布<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">人员：系统管理员<SPAN
lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">任务：<SPAN
lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>*添加过程中的J2EE应用程序文件（.ear）到J2EE服务器中<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>*通过修改分布J2EE应用程序的描述文件配置J2EE应用程序的可选环境变量<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>*布置（安装）J2EE应用程序到服务器</SPAN></P>
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