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📁 写给JSP初级程序员的书
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      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">平台商业实现的供应商（如</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>IBM</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>BEA</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）都有很长的、得到认可的发布中间件产品的历史。这些中间件产品能实现大宗的事务系统。这些供应商不是从零开始构造服务器端平台（微软的</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>MTS</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">却是如此），一些供应商是通过在已得到验证的现有技术上开发一个基于</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>J2EE</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">平台的具有可移植性的层来实现</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>J2EE</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">平台。这包括</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>CORBA</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产品、事务处理监视器、数据库、和</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>/</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">或应用服务器，以上这些技术以前都是各企业专用的。在一些基于</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>J2EE</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">平台的产品内的技术实现着大批的现今的商业事务，这些技术早在微软进入服务器端商业领域以前就已产生。拥有早已得到认可的技术的</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>J2EE</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产品供应商有：</SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><![if !supportEmptyParas]>&nbsp;<![endif]><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">IBM's WebSphere<SPAN 
      style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">逻辑上脱胎于</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>IBM's MQSeries</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US> CICS </SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">与</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US> Encina</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，而今天大多数重要的实时任务系统的事务都依靠这些产品来运转。</SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">BEA's WebLogic<SPAN 
      style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这个产品自从微软</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>1996</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年首次推出</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>MTS</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">就已被投入市场。</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>WEBLOGIC</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">提供到</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>M3</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>Tuxedo</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的连接，能够让</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>IT</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">部门使用事务处理监视器技术，这项技术有浓厚的可靠性历史。</SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">Oracle's Oracle 
      8i<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">能够支持以下技术：数据库服务、服务器端构件以及单个物理层上的</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>WEB</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">服务。</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>Oracle 8i </SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是以</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>ORACLE</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公司在市场上占领导地位的数据库技术和在线交易处理技术为基础的。</SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">Netscape's Netscape 
      Application Server<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; 
      </SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">基于</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>Kiva</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">应用服务器技术。</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US> 1996</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年开始使用，现在很多大型商业网站都靠它来驱动。</SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">IONA's iPortal 
      Application Server </SPAN></B><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; FONT-SIZE: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><SPAN 
      style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN></I><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">基于</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>OrbixWeb</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">技术</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>, OrbixWeb</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是一种</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>CORBA</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产品，它有很长的发布历史，提供一系列强大的高级中间件服务。</SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">Inprise's Inprise 
      Application Server<SPAN 
      style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
      </SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">基于</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>VISIBROKER,</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这是一种</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>CORBA</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产品，长期以来一直被业界采用，并被部署在一些大型公司的站点上。</SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">因为</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>IT</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">部门可以利用已有的、历经考验的技术，这在很大程度上减少了危险因素。</SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><![if !supportEmptyParas]>&nbsp;<![endif]><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">6 
      </SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">可伸缩性</SPAN></B><B 
      style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公司必须要选择一种服务器端平台，这种平台应能提供极佳的可伸缩性去满足那些在他们系统上进行商业运作的大批新客户。</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>Windows 2000 Datacenter Server</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>2000</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>2</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月份被认为是微软最具伸缩性的方案。据称每台机器可支撑到</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>16</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个处理器，若通过</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>OEM</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">则可达到</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>32</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个处理器。把多个装有</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>Windows 2000</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">机器集簇到一起，在理论上则可达到上百个处理器。要达到这样高水平的伸缩性，服务器平台必须具有跨多台机器传送客户请求的功能。微软的构件负载平衡技术就是为了在多个</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>COM+</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">构件上传送客户请求。</SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><![if !supportEmptyParas]>&nbsp;<![endif]><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">遗憾的是，微软最近宣布由于功能不够完善，构件负载平衡技术已经从‘</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>WINDOWS 2000</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">’</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>2000</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>2</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月发布版中取消。这意味着涉及到</SPAN><SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>COM+</SPAN><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的中间层被限定到一台机器上，进而不能提供大型商业网站所需要的伸缩性。</SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><![if !supportEmptyParas]>&nbsp;<![endif]><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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